AP World History Chapter 4 Flashcards

7819609848	Animism	Religion; All living and non-living things have a spirit	0
7819743506	Characteristics of Animism	- Unorganized - Ancestor Worship - Belief of many early civilizations	1
7819827146	What was Animism associated with?	Holy men/women, visions, trances, dances, sacred items/places	2
7819838857	Where does Animism exists now?	Traditional African, Asian, American, and Aboriginal cultures	3
7819845606	Hinduism	Religion; belief in one unifying spirit, Brahman; Polytheistic/Monotheistic	4
7819863135	Characteristics of Hinduism	- Concept of reincarnation (rebirth) - Karma - Dharma - Caste system - No single founder	5
7819885522	Karma	The sum of all deeds good and bad	6
7819889148	Dharma	The duties dependent on your position, gender, and occupation	7
7819902201	Caste System	(Outlawed in 1948) Social classes into which a person is born and lives the rest of their lives	8
7819917231	What did Karma and Dharma have to do with the Caste System?	Souls moved up and down the social hierarchy depending on past karma and dharma	9
7823209250	Vedas and Upanishads	Sacred Hindu texts; Hindu beliefs were written in them	10
7849251583	Ramayana	Hindu creation story; described ideal marriage	11
7930273619	Vedas	Wisdom	12
7930273620	How many Vedas were there and who were they made by?	4 Vedas; The Aryans	13
7930273621	Upanishads	Sitting in front of; Explanations for the complexities of the Hindu faith	14
7930273622	Mahabharata	A long epic poem describing a civil war in the city of Delhi	15
7930273623	Ganges River	Hindu's consider it to be the most sacred river in India	16
7930273624	Buddhism	Based of the four noble truths (discovered by Siddharta Gautama)	17
7930273625	Siddharta Guatama	The Buddha; Founder of Buddhism	18
7930273626	Four Signs that the Buddha saw to become a spiritual leader	- Sick man - Old man - Dead man - Monk - Holy Man	19
7930273627	The Great Renunciation	Gautama giving up his wealth and family to find spiritual enlightenment	20
7930273628	Buddha	The Enlightened One	21
7930273629	Four Noble Truths	- We all suffer - Suffering is caused by desire for things that are illusions - The way to elimimate suffering is to eliminate desire - Follow the Eightfold Path will help people to overcome desire	22
7930273630	Eightfold Path	Buddhist moral guide to life	23
7930273631	Steps to the Eightfold Path	Right view, right intentions, right speech, right actions, right livelihood, right effort, right concentration, right mindfulness	24
7930273632	How were Buddhism and Hinduism alike?	- Reincarnation - Karma - Dharma	25
7930273633	How are Buddhism and Hinduism different?	- Caste System - Hindu Gods - Hindu Priesthood	26
7930273634	Tripitaka	Scared Buddhist Texts	27
7930273635	Tibetan Buddhists	Led by Dalai Lama	28
7930273636	Dalai Lama	Advocates for freedom from China	29
7930273637	Theraveda/Hinayana/The Lesser Vehicle	The earliest form of Buddhism in which the Buddha was a teacher not a divine being	30
7930273638	Mahayana/The Great Vehicle	New form of Buddhism; Turned the Buddha into a god; allowed people to give money to monasteries to earn salvation	31
7930534046	Boddahisatvas	People who had earned salvation but postponed it to help others reach it	32
7930540712	Nirvana	Buddhist release from reincarnation/salvation	33
7930551163	Judaism	One of the first monotheistic religions	34
7930556467	Abraham	Founder of Judaism	35
7930560659	Jewish Holy Day	Saturday	36
7930560660	Rabbi	Jewish religious leader	37
7930567184	Synagogue/Temple	Jewish Church	38
7930568893	Torah	Sacred scripture recording laws and events in Jewish history	39
7930572037	Jewish Symbol	Six-pointed Star of David	40
7930579673	Jewish Ethical and Moral Guidelines	10 Commandments; Given to the Hebrews by God	41
7930585077	Covenant	Solemn promise	42
7930592617	Who discriminated against the Jewish people?	The Roman Empire	43
7930597370	Where was the Hebrew homeland?	Israel (Palestine)	44
7930601799	Diaspora	Dispursed	45
7930604303	Christianity	Originally a branch of Judaism; Believed Jesus was the messiah sent by God to bring eternal life to anyone who would follow him	46
7930614592	Bible	Sacred text of Christianity	47
7930616233	Christ	Anointed One	48
7930621658	Paul of Tarsus	Early convert; Offered Christianity to all including Gentiles	49
7930627541	Gentiles	Non-jews	50
7930631249	Peter and Paul	Executed by Nero in Rome in 67 b.c.	51
7930638486	Who did Christianity appeal to?	- Lower class - Urban populations - Women	52
7930645283	First Christian Countries	- Armenia - Ethiopia - Egypt	53
7930655080	Petrine Doctrine	Peter was the first pope and head of the Church	54
7930665368	Where was the headquarters of the early Christian Church?	Rome	55
7930669268	Zoroastrianism	An early monotheistic religion that started in Persia and was centered around the god Ahura Mazda	56
7930678432	Ahura Mazda	God of Goodness	57
7930681284	Ahriman	God of Evil	58
7930686944	Three Chinese Philosophies	- Legalism - Confucianism - Daoism	59
7930694844	Legalism	A pessimistic view of human nature that said people need strict laws and harsh punishments	60
7930709024	The importance of what people were stressed during Legalism in China?	Farmers and soldiers	61
7930713982	When was Legalism most important?	During the Qin Dynasty	62
7930718348	Confucianism	Believed in education, respect for elders, active role in society, ceremonies and rituals, and patriarchy	63
7930732746	When was Confucianism most important?	During the Zha Dynasty	64
7930735850	Kongfuzi	Founder of Confucianism	65
7930743711	What did Confucianism become the basis of?	Chinese education and the Civil Service System	66
7930753273	What people were considered low class by Confucianism?	Military and Merchants	67
7930767244	When did Confucianism decline and when did is become important again?	Qin Dynasty; Han Dynasty	68
7931444141	Daoism	Believed that education was unimportant, in withdrawing from life, the practice of acupuncture, yin and yang, fortune telling and magic	69
7931444142	Laozi	Founder of Daoism	70
7931444143			71