AP world history midterm study Flashcards

8374437931	North America		0
8374437932	Latin America		1
8374437933	North Africa		2
8374437934	Sub-Saharan Africa		3
8374437935	Eastern Europe		4
8374437936	Western Europe		5
8374437937	Middle East		6
8374437938	South Asia		7
8374437939	East Asia		8
8374437940	Southeast Asia		9
8374437941	Oceanic		10
8374437942	fall of the western roman empire	476 C.E.	11
8374437943	start of Islam	610 C.E.	12
8374437944	Black Death spreads to Europe to mongol controlled Silk Road Byzantine empire	1333-1351 C.E.	13
8374437945	Ottoman Turks take over Constantinople & rename it Istanbul	1453 C.E.	14
8374437946	Columbus sails ocean, trade goes world wide	1492 C.E.	15
8374437947	-mostly born into -rituals/priests important to both -patriarchal -method codes (Hinduism- karma, Judaism-10 commandments) -holy scriptures (Hinduism-Vedas, Judaism- Old Testament) -new religions will come out of both	similarities between Judaism & Hinduism	16
8374437948	-Judaism strictly monotheistic -Hinduism millions of dieties - ideas of reincardination in Hinduism -no beef in Hinduism -no pork in Judaism - caste system for Hinduism	differences between Judaism & Hinduism	17
8374437949	Lack of luxury	What does Spartan mean?	18
8374437950	all powerfull	What does omnipotent mean?	19
8374437951	-easy to practice -spreads on trade routes (silk & Indian Ocean) -appeals to lower class/ women -monastic communities - holy scriptures (Christianity- the Bible, Buddhism- the Dharma) -ethical codes (Christianity- 10 commandments, Buddhism- 4 noble truths)	Similarities between Christianity & Buddhism	20
8374437952	-Christianity monotheistic -Buddhism non-theistic -Main goal of Buddhism is Nirvana -Main goal of Christianity is Heaven -Buddha didn't see himself as divine	Differences between Christianity & Buddhism	21
8374437953	Muhammad	founder of Islam	22
8374437954	The Quran	textbook to Islam	23
8374437955	Sunni & Shi'ite	branches of Islam	24
8374437956	Mecca, Saudi Arabia	hearth of Islam	25
8374437957	Mosque	place of Islamic worship	26
8374437958	1 (monotheistic)	number of Gods in islam	27
8374437959	5 pillars 1. One god (allah) 2. Pray 5x a day 3. Giving alms 4. Ramadan feasting 5. Pilgrimage to Mecca	basic beliefs of Islam	28
8374437960	a religion, or an individual right/democracy	Confucianism is NOT	29
8374437961	Confucius	founder of Confucianism	30
8374437962	- importance of family - respect for elders - reverence for one's ancestors - do your duty - know your role - the golden rule ( do unto others as you would have the do unto you) - based on age, gender, status	main beliefs of Confucianism	31
8374437963	East Asia (china)	where was Confucianism predominate	32
8374437964	silk, porcelain, spices, olives, olive oil, cotton, textiles, tortures shells, ivory, gold, wine	Silk Road traded goods	33
8374437965	Measles, Small Pox, the Plague (Black Death), flu	Silk Road diseases	34
8374437966	Buddhism, Christianity, Islam	Silk Road religions	35
8374437967	stirrup	Silk Road technology	36
8374437968	Cities	_____ continue to grow because of the Silk Road.	37
8374437969	Changaan, Samarkand, Merv, etc.	Cities located on the Silk Road	38
8374437970	pepper, cotton goods, spices, silk, porcelain, ivory, rice, coffee, books, weapons	Indian Ocean Trade goods	39
8374437971	islam, Buddhism, some Christianity	Indian Ocean religions	40
8374437972	monsoon winds (dhow boat used for lateen sail)	Indian Ocean trade heavily relied on ______ _______ that were predictable to move them along the Ocean.	41
8374437973	gold, slaves, ivory, etc.	Saharan Trade traded goods	42
8374437974	enviromental changes	The Bantu people of Africa began their migrations due to _____ _____ in the area which is now the Sahara desert.	43
8374437975	music, dance, & language	Bantu cultural commonalities like _____, ____, & ______ were a major effect of the Bantu Migration.	44
8374437976	550 B.C.E.	Buddhism & Confucianism both began around _____.	45
8374437977	wealth	As monasteries popped up along the Silk Road, this caused an increase in ______.	46
8374437978	good fortune	People believed that donating money & gifts to the monks/montesaries would bring them _____ _____.	47
8374437979	Buddhism & ancestor worship	In China, it was common to see cultural syncretism between _____ & _____ _____.	48
8374437980	Buddhism	What religion was based on the idea of suffering?	49
8374437981	Tang (China)	What dynasty was based on testing with government civil examinations?	50
8374437982	holy war	Meaning of jihad	51
8374437983	Sharia	What was the daily law code for Islamic societies?	52
8374437984	gambling, pork, alcohol	What did Sharia law prohibit?	53
8374437985	leader of Islam	What is the Caliph?	54
8374437986	Sunni	90% of Islam population is _____.	55
8374437987	Caliph	The Sunni & Shiite argue over who should be the ______.	56
8374437988	Spain	What was the most dominant country in Europe in the 16th century (1500s)?	57
8374437989	600-1200 C.E.	When was the Early Middle Ages?	58
8374437990	Han	What Empire invented paper?	59
8374437991	slavery	The Roman empire was more heavily reliant on _____ than the Han because Roman agriculture was heavily reliant on slave labor for things like wine production & Han had technology like water mills for grinding grain.	60
8374437992	Paterfamilias	Roman ideas of ________(means of providing order in society) most closely resmebles patriarchal structures of Han China.	61
8374437993	Gupta	The _____ empire in India is most known for its contribution in the field of mathematics. (concept of zero, pi, & decimal point)	62
8374437994	border land invaders	The Gupta empire fell because of ______ _____ _____ known as the nomadic group called the White Huns.	63
8374437995	-centralized gov't -diplomacy (over 70 different ethnic groups) -infrastructure (Royal Road) -rural & engaged in agriculture & maintance of adequate water supply -established tax collecting system	Persian empire (600 B.CE.- 600 C.E.)	64
8374437996	-used Silk Road -infrastructure (roads & forts) -diplomacy (all citizens equal under law) -declined because of border land invaders -declines because of spread of disease -rule of law -1/3 of Empire was salves -produced wine & olive oil	Roman Empire (600 B.C.E.- 600 C.E.)	65
8374437997	-patriarchal -collapsed in 220 C.E. due to conflicts with peasants over land redistribution -invasion of border land nomadic Germanic & mongol tribes -used Silk Road -spread of disease declined empire -used iron tools	Han Empire (600 B.CE.- 600 C.E.)	66
8374437998	logic (use of reason)	Aristotle used ____.	67
8374437999	Muhammad	_____ tried helping women's treatment in Saudi Arabia with the Quran.	68
8374438000	-outlaw female infanticide (killing of baby girls) -brides, not husbands, claim dowries -get cash payment in divorce -own property	What did Muhammad do to help the status of women?	69
8374438001	male dominate	Even though Muhammad did improve the status of females, the Abbasid Empire was still _____ _____.	70
8374438002	veils	Islamic women wore _____ that were adopted from ancient Mesopotamia.	71
8374438003	algebra	Abbasid Empire furthered the Gupta's knowledge in mathematics & created _____.	72
8374438004	universities	Other empires got the idea of _______ from Abbasid Empire.	73
8374438005	Constantinople	The capital of the Byzantine empire was ______.	74
8374438006	orthodox Christianity	predominate religion in Byzantine Empire	75
8374438007	Islam	predominate religion in Abbasid Empire	76
8374438008	Byzantine	What Empire developed banking services?	77
8374438009	Justinian	The Byzantine Empire followed ____'s laws which was a body of civil law that was a revival of legal traditions of Rome.	78
8374438010	-developed compass -produced porcelain & steel in large quantities -champa rice grown that lead to increasing population -used Silk Road	Song Dynasty	79
8374438011	-footbinding -used Silk Road -began testing men with government civil examinations	Tang Dynasty	80
8374438012	-built on loyalty & military services -serfs, knights, lords, kings	feudalism in Western Europe	81
8374438013	-built on hereditary hierarchy -serfs, samurai, daimyo, emperor, shogun	feudalism in Japan	82
8374438014	1200-1450 C.E.	When was the Late Middle Ages?	83
8374438015	secured	The Mongols ______ the Silk Road.	84
8374438016	Mongols	The ______ traditionally rode horses while being able to shoot arrows.	85
8374438017	conquered	The Mongols often incorporated weapons from people they ______.	86
8374438018	Mongols	The _____ had a unified army of 100,000 in north China & Central Asia.	87
8374438019	Russia	The Mongols were interested in obtaining taxes/tribute from Russian princes like Alexander Nevsky & ruled ______ from "a far".	88
8374438020	cannon	What gunpowder based weapon is considered a Mongol invention?	89
8374438021	World War ll	The only conflict in world history that killed more people than the Mongol conquests was _____ ____ __.	90
8374438022	Mansa Musa	King _____ _____ went on a pilgrimage to Mecca & along the way gave out so much gold that it brought the value of gold down. Upon his return from his pillgrimage, he built mosques & promoted Islam.	91
8374438023	Timbuktu (became center of Islamic learning)	West African city in Mali	92
8374438024	gold	What was the most precious commodity in West African trade?	93
8374438025	made up of Bantu & some Arabic	The Swahili coast (East Africa) language	94
8374438026	Islamic	The Swahili coast (East Africa) was perdominately _____.	95
8374438027	Mexico (Latin America/Mesoamerica)	Where was the Aztec empire located?	96
8374438028	chinamapas	The Aztec empire used ______ which were floating gardens that increased the amount of space for food production.	97
8374438029	corn, beans, squash, chilli peppers	key crops Aztec empire grew	98
8374438030	They believed that the gods had sacrificed themselves in order to create the world, so human sacrifice & blood was repayment for human sin.	why did the Aztecs practice human sacrifice?	99
8374438031	wheeled vehicles & pack animals	The Aztecs did NOT have _____ _____ & ______ _____.	100
8374438032	Aztec	The ______ empire used trade routes made by the Maya & others plus the Pacific, Caribbean, & Gulf Coasts.	101
8374438033	cloth, cacao, rubber balls, etc.	traded goods of Aztecs	102
8374438034	Mayans & Azetcs	The ______ & _____ both used hyrogliphics as a writing system.	103
8374438035	Chocolate	____ was a good unique to Americas.	104
8374438036	Mexico	Where was Mayan Empire located?	105
8374438037	Peru	Where was the Incan empire located?	106
8374438038	civil war weakened inca empire, disease, & Spanish enslaving natives	What factors caused the Incas to fall to the Spanish?	107
8374438039	1300-1450	What was the time period of the Aztec Empire?	108
8374438040	1300-1450	What was the time period of the Incan Empire?	109
8374438041	Martin Luther	_____ ____ attacked Catholic Roman Church practices because he was upset they were settling indolences.	110
8374438042	Lutheranism	_____ becomes first Protestant faith because of Martin Luther.	111
8374438043	King Henry Vlll	____ ____ ___ broke away from Catholic Church & formed Church of England (Anglican church) in mid 16th century (1560) because they would not let him divorce.	112
8374438044	-priests could marry -priest projecting more power than they had -people should be able to read bible in their language (not just Latin)	Key beliefs of Martin Luther	113
8374438045	Spain, Portugal, Great Britain, France, & Holland	5 European countries established Maritime/sea based empires	114
8374438046	India	Where did Vasco Da Gama go?	115
8374438047	"God, glory, & gold"	Motives for European exploration	116
8374438048	Indonesia	Where did Afonso de Albuquerque establish trade?	117
8374438049	India & Indonesia	Where did Dutch establish trade in Indian Ocean?	118
8374438050	France & England	What 2 countries were competing for trade in North America?	119
8374438051	India	The British East India Company was located in ____. (1st example of joint stock company)	120
8374438052	Indonesia	The Dutch East Indies Company located in ____.	121
8374438053	Sugarcane	What cash crop did the Portuguese cultivate in Brazil?	122
8374438054	often worked to death by Portuguese	How were the slaves treated in producing Sugarcane?	123
8374438055	Native Americans	Small pox, measles, & influenza killed anywhere from 50-90% of _____ _______.	124
8374438056	Silver	What metal made the Spanish empire wealthy?	125
8374438057	Mexico, Cuba	Spain colonized	126
8374438058	Montreal (Canada), Haiti	France colonized	127
8374438059	13 colonies, Jamaica	England colonized	128
8374438060	Brazil	Portugal colonized	129
8374438061	wheat, grapes, okra, sugar, rice, barley, oranges, lettuce, coffee	Columbian Exchange (From Afro-Eurasia to Americas) plants	130
8374438062	pigs, cows, horses, oxen, chickens, sheep, goats, rats	Columbian Exchange (From Afro-Eurasia to Americas) animals	131
8374438063	Bubonic Plague, typhus, influenza, measles, small pox	Columbian Exchange (from Afro-Eurasia to Americas) disease	132
8374438064	written alphabet, farming technology, architecture, corporate structure	Columbian Exchange (from Afro-Eurasia to Americas) technologies/ideas	133
8374438065	potatoes, tomatoes, beans, corn, peppers, yams, manioc, chocolate, tobacco, avocado, maize, squash, vanilla	Columbian Exchange (from Americas to Afro-Eurasia) plants	134
8374438066	turkeys, llamas, alpacas, guinea pigs	Columbian Exchange (from Americas to Afro-Eurasia) animals	135
8374438067	syphilis	Columbian Exchange (from Americas to Afro-Eurasia) disease	136
8374438068	rubber, quinine	Columbian Exchange (from Americas to Afro-Eurasia) technologies/ideas	137
8374438069	Atlantic System/ Triangular trade	Europe --> Africa (guns, rum) Africa --> Americas (slaves) "middle passage" Americas --> Europe (sugar, tobacco, coffee, sliver)	138
8374438070	Atlantic system/ Triangular Trade		139
8374438071	silver	The currency in 1450-1750 was _____.	140
8374438072	Dutch	Japan banned all foreigners from entering except the ____ because they were strictly business & did not try to preach.	141
8374438073	Islam (Muslims)	Indonesia predominate religion	142
8374438074	Ottoman	The _____ empire took over Constantinople & remained it Istanbul.	143
8374438075	Christian boys who were subjects of empire were recruited by force to serve ottoman government, convert to Islam, & taught skills	(Ottoman Empire) describe devshirme system	144
8374438076	free peasants	Most agriculture laborers in the Ottoman empire were ____ _____.	145
8374438077	famous group that formed elite forces in Ottoman Empire	who were the Janissaries?	146
8374438078	Ottoman & Mughal	gunpowder empires in Islamic world	147
8374438079	Akbar	_____ defeated Hindu armies & extended Mughal Empire southward & westward, established efficient government & system of laws, paid gov't officials in charge of specific duties, & tolerated all religions.	148
8374438080	Sati & child marriages	what 2 traditional behaviors toward women did Akbar try to outlaw?	149
8374438081	Babur	Who started the Mughal empire in India?	150
8374438082	coffee & tobacco	_____ & _____ were goods important in Ottoman Empire.	151
8374438083	Christians, Jews	What religious groups allowed for religious diversity in Ottoman Empire?	152
8374438084	Hindus, Jains, Zoroastrians, Christians, Sikhs	What religious groups allowed for religious diversity in Mughal Empire?	153
8374438085	Islam	The Mughal & Ottoman empires were both strong in _____.	154
8374438086	blue mosques & topkapi palace	monumental architecture in Ottoman Empire	155
8374438087	Taj Mahal	monumental architecture in Mughal empire	156
8374438088	Hindu	The Mughal empire in India can be best described as a system in which an Islamic minority rules over a _____ majority.	157
8374438089	Central Asia	Both Ottoman & Mughal empires were established by skilled warriors on horseback who came originally from ____ ____.	158
8374438090	administrative government	Both Ottoman & Mughal empires had efficient _______ _____ structures that help them rule their lands.	159
8374438091	pashas	The Ottoman central government appointed officials called _____ to help run districts within the empire.	160
8374438092	Anatolian peninsula	In the late 13th century, the Ottoman Turks under the leader of Osman began to build power in the northwest corner of the _____ _____.	161
8374438093	unity	The Mughals brought an era of ____ to the subcontinent of India in the 1600s.	162