AP World History Chapter 2 Flashcards

7438027053	2000-500 CE	How long has Israel lasted	0
7438030165	crossroads	Israel has always been a _____	1
7438033105	Sinai	What was the desert in Israel	2
7438035467	mediterranean	Israel is on the _____ coastal plain	3
7438041694	Galilee	fertile land of grassy hills and small plains (israel)	4
7438045128	Dead Sea	In Israel, the Jordan River runs into the...	5
7438052968	conflict and religions	Israel has always been at the center of ____-	6
7438059419	Canaan, Israel, Palestine	Israel can also be called (3 names)	7
7438065324	Hebrews, Israelites, Jews, Israelites in antiquity	The People of Israel can be called (4 names)	8
7438069135	Torah	Hebrew bible	9
7438071908	orally	the torah was originally passed down...	10
7438074976	10th century BCE	When was the torah written down in Phoenician script on scrolls	11
7438080936	Pastoralists	Middle Easterners served as .....	12
7438086799	Abraham	Who does Middle Eastern History begin with	13
7438096858	1800 BCE	When does Abraham migrate to Israel	14
7438100241	Canaan	Abraham migrated from Mesopotamia to....	15
7438103699	suspicious	The settled people were suspicious of Abraham and his people	16
7438107034	Abel	The innocent brother ____ was killed by his farmer brother Cain	17
7438111753	Yahweh	Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed by ____ because of wickedness	18
7438120903	Moses	leads the slaves out of egypt	19
7438132275	Yahweh	Jewish god who demanded their exclusive loyalty	20
7438154013	"Chosen people"	Yahweh considers the Jews to be the "......"	21
7438156631	10 commandments	these serve as a guide	22
7438160025	social justice and compassion	Yahweh was the god of...	23
7438163436	Yahweh	singular, transcendent, personal, ruling over the natural order, engaged in history and demanding social justice and moral righteousness	24
7438175587	Christianity and Islam	The Jewish belief was the foundation on which _____ and _____ were built	25
7438182959	Agricultural way of life	Middle easterners settle down to an....	26
7438203594	Joshua	led the Israelites to Canaan	27
7438207550	"Children of Israel"	12 tribes who descended from Jacob and Joseph, located in different parts of the country	28
7438214078	Ark of Covenant	AKA 10 commandments	29
7438219890	judges	in israel, ____ mediated disputes and welfare of people	30
7438225462	990-930 BCE	Time span of Kingdom of Israel	31
7438228772	David	unites the 12 tribes and made jerusalem the capital of Israel	32
7438247411	Solomon	High point of Israel, son of david	33
7438251731	Solomon	Built the first temple	34
7438254583	721 BCE	When was the first temple destroyed	35
7438258606	Assyrians	Who destroyed the northern kingdom	36
7438261712	Judah	who survives for more than a century by paying tribute	37
7438271694	587 BCE	The Babylonians captured Jerusalem in_____	38
7438275092	cultural identity	during exile, the Jews renewed their _____	39
7438280749	Cyrus the Great	Who allowed the jews to return	40
7438285516	Monotheism	Judaism practices...	41
7438289405	rigid rules	jews lived by rigid rules	42
7438293229	pork	What food could jews not eat	43
7438298332	Saturday	what day is the Sabbath for Jews	44
7438304484	6th century BCE	When was the Persian Empire created	45
7438307629	Persian empire	largest empire in the world	46
7438309998	Iran	known as "land of the Aryans"	47
7438320809	Zagros Mountains	In the west of Iran	48
7438323118	Caucasus Mountains and captain sea	to the nw and n of iran	49
7438325592	copper, tin, iron, gold, silver, wood	mineral resources in iran were....	50
7451107157	But of Kingship	The Persian empire was centered on	51
7451110424	Ahura Mazda	The Persian empire was ruled by will of great Persian god...	52
7451116933	Absolute monarchs	Persians were ruled by..	53
7451120122	550-530 BCE	What was the time span of Cyrus the Great	54
7451128516	Anatolia, Mesopotamia, and Babylon	Cyrus the Great conquered... (3)	55
7451131694	tolerance and respect	Cyrus the great was known for...	56
7451136076	Cyrus the Great	allowed jews to return to their homeland	57
7451139650	Cyrus Cylinder	according to Cyrus: he restored peace, released captives and returned prisoners to their homelands, and tolerated local religion and cult practice. This is written on the ....?	58
7451168074	Pasargadae	Where is the tomb of Cyrus found?	59
7451173206	Tomb of Cyrus	one of the few achaemenid monuments that has survived to the present	60
7451184183	Sydney, Austrailia	in 1994, a replica of a bas relief depicting him was erected in a park in....	61
7451188673	multiculturalism	The monument in Australia is intended as a symbol for ..... and to express coexistence and peace	62
7451201273	522-486 BCE	What was the life span of Darius I	63
7451204047	Darius	seizes the persian throne in 522 BCE with the help of the 10,000 immortals	64
7451214559	Indus valley	Darius I extended the persian empire to the...	65
7451219499	Thrace	aka NE Greece and Bulgaria	66
7451241233	23	The persian empire was divided into how many provinces	67
7451246574	satrap	aka governor in persia	68
7451257827	Satraps	usually connected to royal family, encouraged intermarriage, cultural and technological exchange	69
7451264224	shecks	Military officers and tax collectors served as... on the power of the satraps	70
7451269762	royal roads	connected the outlying provinces	71
7451274274	1,600	how many miles long are the royal roads	72
7451278509	communication and commerce	Royal roads improved	73
7451285595	111	how many postal stations are there along the royal roads	74
7451289129	wives and children	The king of persia had numerous...	75
7451298302	influential	persian elite women may have been...	76
7451302656	seasons	The persian king and the court moved with the _____, living in luxurious tents and in palaces of the ancient capitals of Mesopotamia and Iran	77
7451314418	Darius and Xerxes	The Persepolis was constructed by...	78
7451318593	Persepolis	became the ceremonial capital of Persia	79
7451326172	power and wealth	The Persepolis was a symbol of the Persian's ______ and _____	80
7451337092	coronations, weddings, and funerals	What were held at the Persepolis	81
7451357087	247BCE-651 CE	Time span of the Parthanin and Sassanid empires	82
7451374310	Zoroastrianism	religion that originated in Iran	83
7451374311	Zoroaster	Zoroastrianism originated from the teachings of... in the 6th or 7th century BCE	84
7451381976	wisdom	Zoroaster left home in search of ____ and experienced visions of Ahuramazda, he became the prophet and spread the message	85
7451392561	Ahuramazda	Supreme benevolent deity	86
7451395443	the wise lord	What is another name for Ahuramazda	87
7451435694	Good vs evil	Zoroastrian beliefs are centered around...	88
7451438351	rewarded or punished	Zoroastrians believe that humans are _____ or ____ in the afterlife for their actions	89
7451444158	one supreme god	Zoroastrian's preached...	90
7451446999	high ethical standard	Zoroastrian's held humans to high ethical standards	91
7451452869	salvation	Zoroastrian's promised	92
7451458444	Judaism and Christianity	Zoroastrian's influenced _______ and _____ as empire spread west	93
7451462788	Devil	Zoroastrian's believed in God and_____	94
7451468003	Hell	Zoroastrian's believed in heaven and ______	95
7451470820	punishment	Zoroastrian's believed in reward and _______	96
7451473840	end of time	Zoroastrian's believed in messiah and ......	97
7451490798	Balkan Peninsula	Greece is located on the ......	98
7451494064	islands	greece includes thousands of....	99
7451496501	city states	what type of government did Greece have	100
7451499137	Athens and sparta	main two city states	101
7451502831	Mediterranean Sea	Greek "highway" for trade and resources	102
7451505248	Minoans	Earliest Greeks	103
7451509818	Phaistos Disk	Undeciphered syllabic alphabet, used to keep detailed records of economic and commercial matters	104
7451519059	Crete	The Phaistos Disk was found in 1908 in.....	105
7451539936	printing	The Phaistos disk could have been used for....	106
7451543510	Mycenaean	Indo-European invades who descended through the Balkans into Peloponnesus around 2200 BCE	107
7451551613	Minoan	Mycenaean culture was influenced by	108
7451554050	Linear B	What was the Mycenaean language	109
7451557756	Linear A	Mycenaeans adapted _____ to own language	110
7451566248	fortresses and palaces	Mycenaean's built...	111
7451566249	Mycenae	What was the major Mycenaean settlement	112
7451573911	Anatolia, Sicily, southern Italy	Mycenaean's established settlements in....	113
7451577215	Linear A	Minoan script, not deciphered	114
7451580964	Linear B	Mycenaean script, predates Greek alphabet	115
7451585608	end of Mycenaean civilization	Linear B dies out with the end of the...	116
7451589061	Lion Gate	Wha ruin in Mycenae illustrates the heavy fortifications but by the Mycenaeans to protect their settlements	117
7451611692	Dark Ages	A period in the eastern mediterranean characterized by depopulation, poverty, and isolation	118
7451616504	1100 to 800 BCE	Political turmoil and chaos ensues in the Mediterranean from....	119
7451622650	Homer's epics	The dark ages coincide with the description in...	120
7451629399	1200 BCE	When was the Trojan war	121
7451633186	The Polis	urban center, dominating surrounding rural areas	122
7451635586	acropolis	fortified top for refuge	123
7451635587	agora	open area for assembling, government buildings, and market place	124
7451640569	acropolis and agora	Greek City states featured..	125
7451675490	hoplites	heavily armed infantrymen who fought in closely packed	126
7451690483	few	Sparta practiced rule by the..	127
7451692733	28	Sparta had rule by ___ men over age 60	128
7489601574	Peloponnese	Where are the spartans from	129
7489602450	militarized	sparta was a highly ___ society	130
7489603207	helots	invaded neighbors and subjugated people in sparta	131
7489607081	10:1	Helots outnumbered spartans with what ratio	132
7489608402	helot rebellion	What did the Spartans always fear	133
7489609136	Austerity	What was the norm in Spartan society?	134
7489609982	iron bars	What did spartans use for currency	135
7489610965	7	When were spartan boys removed from their family	136
7489612838	simplicity, frugality, and austerity	What were the Spartans known for	137
7489613935	30	Spartans could marry, but there was no home life until age..	138
7489629208	democratic principles	Athens created a government based on...	139
7489630127	free adult males	Athenian democracy was open to all ____	140
7489631422	maritime trade	because of the prosperity of _________ in 7th century BCE aristocrats increased their landholding and dominated smaller landholders	141
7489633316	debt slavery	similar to indentured servitude	142
7489634083	Solon's reforms	kept aristocrats to keep large landholdings, banned debt slavery	143
7489636937	common classes	Solon's reforms allowed fro representation of the ____ in the assembly	144
7489638026	office holders	Solon's reforms paid salaries to .....	145
7489664496	Age of Pericles	Athenian "golden age"	146
7489666791	461-421 BCE	Pericles ruled from...	147
7489669969	government offices	in the age of pericles men of all classes were chosen by lot to fill _____ and they were being paid to they could participate	148
7489671954	assembly of all citizens	focal point of age of pericles	149
7489674817	Public works	The age of pericles had massive....	150
7489677590	cultural development	What was encouraged in the age of pericles	151
7489679555	population pressure	What causes the greeks to colonize	152
7489685462	Aegean, Black, and Mediterranean sea	Greek colonization spreads their culture throughout...	153
7489686670	Sicily and southern Italy	most popular greek colonization sites .......?	154
7489689572	copper, zinc, tin, and iron	Fertile fields in Sicily provided access to	155
7489711322	olives and grapes	Greece was rich in what crops	156
7489715677	Commerce	What is the basis of Athenian economy	157
7489719178	fur, fish, grain, timber, honey, gold, amber, and slaves	The black sea provided...	158
7489722568	Persian Wars	revolt against Persian empire in Ionia	159
7489726351	500-479 BCE	What were the dates of the Persian Wars	160
7489727127	Marathon	in 490 BCE, this battle was when Persia was defeated	161
7489729514	Xerxes	successor after Persian wars	162
7489730659	300	in the battle of Thermopylae how many spartans were in battle and how many died	163
7489732879	Salamis	advantage persians burn them, but drives out in the straight using the trireme	164
7489733965	Platea	last land battle where Persian threat is over	165
7489741923	naval	Athen's ___ technology made them powerful and wealthy	166
7489743715	oar	military ships couldn't depend on wind only so they used _____	167
7489744725	170	how many rowers propelled the boat	168
7489745425	metal	warships had ____ tipped rams	169
7489746359	Poleis	created the Delian League to forestall more Persian attacks	170
7489747292	Athens	lead the Delian League	171
7489748577	Periclean	massive payments to Athens fuels ____ expansion	172
7489749703	economic interests	The Delian League promoted their....	173
7489754920	Piraeus port	most important commercial center in the east Mediterranean sea	174
7489759749	Parthenon	The Delian league built the _____ during Pericles time	175
7489760391	tragedies and comedies	what type of plays did the delian league promote	176
7489762458	artist and thinkers	what type of people were attracted to Athens	177
7489763185	beauty and perfection	The Greeks idealized ___ and ____ of the human body	178
7489765288	Peloponnesian War	Civil war in Greece between Athens or Sparta	179
7489768150	431-404 BCE	Dates of Peloponnesian War	180
7489769948	Sparta	who won the peloponnesian war	181
7489771445	moral and intellectual	After the Peloponnesian war, Athens lost their reputation as _____ and _____ leader and becomes known as the arrogant, insensitive, and imperialist powers	182
7489779851	Macedon	frontier region to north of Peloponnesus	183
7489794633	King Philip II	builds massive Macedon military	184
7489801027	Alexander the Great	Son of Philip II	185
7489801028	20	how old was Alexander the Great when he took the throne	186
7489802648	Aristotle	tutored alexander the great	187
7489804184	Bucephalus	name of Alexander's horse	188
7489805160	Alexandria egypt	Most famous city named after Alexander the Great	189
7489806427	generals	After Alexander's death, the empire was divided by 3 ______	190
7489807883	Antigonus empire	greece and macedon empire	191
7489808854	ptolemy	Egypt empire	192
7489809622	Seleucus	persian achaemenid empire	193
7489815505	Hellenism	most important outcome of Alexander the Great's conquests	194
7489820781	Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and Indian	Hellenistic culture was a mix of what 4 empires	195
7489821400	Antigenic empire	smallest of Hellenistic empires	196
7489822428	resented rule	Greek cities often _____ and sought independence under the Antigenic Empire	197
7489827331	Ptolemaic Empire	wealthiest of the Hellenistic empires	198
7489828875	monopolies	The Ptolemaic empire was an established state of ___	199
7489830000	textiles, salt, beer	What did the Ptolemaic empire have the monopoly on	200
7489832192	Alexandria	Capital of the Ptolemaic empire	201
7489834658	Alexandria	center of the Hellenistic world	202
7489835732	Alexandria	location of Alexander's tomb, and first known research library	203
7489837155	The Seleucid empire	massive colonization of greeks and indians	204
7492432541	Greek	What language are Ashoka's edicts written in	205
7492434693	Panhellenic festivals	useful for integrating far flung colonies	206
7492437162	Olympic games	Best known of the Panhellenic festivals	207
7492439521	776 BCE	When did the Olympic games begin	208
7492441248	olive wreaths	what did winners of the olympics receive	209
7492447133	fathers, husbands, and sons	Greek women fell to authority of...	210
7492448863	male	Who was greek weddings arranged by	211
7492463449	Chattel slavery	people used for hard labor, domestic servants, or even business	212
7492465481	Scythians, Nubians	Names of slaves in Ukraine and Africa	213
7492467263	Pasion	slave who was a clear at a bank who turned profits for masters. He gained his freedom, took over management of bank, outfitted 5 warships, and was granted Athenian citizenship	214
7492473113	Astronomy, math, medicine, geometry, and architecture	What did the Greeks study	215
7492475501	observation, evidence, rational thought, and human reason	Greeks began to rely on...	216
7492482819	Phoenician	Greeks borrowed the ____ alphabet and added vowels to represent speech	217
7492491585	470-399 BCE	life span of Socrates	218
7492491586	The socratic method	questions of assumptions and logic	219
7492493359	Socrates	taught Plato	220
7492495103	wisdom and virtue	Socrates urged the pursuit of _______	221
7492497892	ethics and morality	Socrates believed that _____ and ____ were more important than wealth, fame, and superficial attributes	222
7492501741	gadfly	one who challenges people in positions of power, the status quo, or popular position	223
7492505966	immorality and corruption of youth	What was Socrates condemned on charges for...	224
7492516930	Socrates	played the role of the public gadfly	225
7492518063	hemlock	Socrates was forced to drink	226
7492519421	Aristotle	Plato taught..	227
7492520690	Alexander the Great	Aristotle taught..	228
7492522475	430-347	Plato's time span...	229
7492524996	Socratic thought	Plato wrote down...	230
7492526859	The Republic	Plato wrote..	231
7492529465	ideal society, smart	The Republic by Plato described an _____ with rule by the ___	232
7492534573	sense	Aristotle relied on ___ to provide accurate information of world and depend on reason to sort out	233
7492538726	Aristotle	"The master of those who know"	234
7492542046	biology, physics, astronomy, psychology, this, and literature	Aristotle wrote on..	235
7492543132	Herodotus	wrote about the Greco-Persian wars to discover "the reason why the fought one another"	236
7492545729	Herodotus	Father of history	237
7492547345	Hippocratic oath	oath taken by physicians	238
7492551906	functions of the body	Hippocrates explained the...	239
7492553579	4 fluids	Hippocrates believed the body was composed of ____ which when out of balance cause ailments	240
7492556347	Hippocrates	traced organs of epilepsy to heredity	241
7492559465	Epicureans	Philosophy that believed pleasure is the greatest good, a state of quiet satisfaction	242
7492563516	Skeptics	Philosophy that doubted possibly of certainty in anything	243
7492566895	Stoic	most influential philosophy	244
7492568631	Stoic	Philosophy that believed that one should concentrate on the duty, virtue to aid others. emphasized inner peace	245
7492582578	polytheists	Greeks were... (belief in multiple gods_	246
7492584218	Zeus	principal god of Greece	247
7492584219	religious cults	Greeks had..	248
7492586427	women	The fertility cult of Demeter was for...	249
7492589170	Dionysus	god of wine	250
7492591715	Cult of Dionysus	cult celebrated also by mostly women in the spring when fruit produced wine	251
7492599347	Aeschylus, Sophocles, euripides	major greek playwrights	252
7492601388	Aristophanes	greek comedy	253