AP world history Islam Flashcards

1827323937	what is a bedouin society?	people who live at the edge of a desert, they are nomadic and lived herding camels and goats	0
1827323938	why was there a state of constant warfare in Bedouin society?	because a member of a rival clan led his animals to a restricted well/pasture and the actions of a clan member usually called the clan into battle	1
1827323939	what is a religious significance of Mecca prior to Muhammad?	it was a mix between animism and polytheism	2
1827323940	why was Islam influenced by Judaism and Christianity?	region, common view of Abraham as prophet, monotheism, cultural ties in the region	3
1827323941	why did the leaders of Mecca fear Muhammad's teachings?	they saw Islam as a threat to Mecca's status as a pilgrimage, destination for those who came to worship the Myriad of Gods and spirits with the Ka'ba	4
1827323942	what is the significance of the Hijrah?	Muhammad and his new followers (muslims) made a journey and it marked peace and strength for Islam, and the founding date of the new religion	5
1827323943	what is the term for the Muslim community?	Umma	6
1827323944	how does the Qur'an shape the lives of Muslims?	it is their holy book and what they live by	7
1827323945	how does the Hadith shape the lives of Muslims?	collection of stories of Muhammad's sayings which helped give them a reference	8
1827323946	what is the Shar'ia Law?	a law system	9
1827323947	what are the 5 pillars of Islam?	faith, prayer, fasting, alms, hajj	10
1827323948	what is a caliph?	a political and religious successor to Muhammad	11
1827323949	what are some reasons for the rapid expansion and conquest by the Arab Muslims?	no political powers to stop them, weakness of empires, religious fervor	12
1827323950	what is the Sunni- Shi'ite split?	Shi'ite's believed calips had to be a member of Muhammad's family. Sunni believed any good muslim could rule	13
1827323951	what are some political and social changes of Islam under the Umayyad dynasty?	tried to heal split and it never worked, social inequality, Shi'ite's did not have right to rule, bureaucracy	14
1827323952	what was a key reason for the fall of the Umayyads?	exclusion of non-arab subjects	15
1827323953	why was Mecca an important city prior to Islam?	because it was a religious center, with shrines Ka'ba and it was also a market palce	16
1827323954	Islam eventually spread to which 3 countries?	Africa, Asia, Europe	17
1827323955	which two empires did Islamic expansion conflict with?	Spain (the franks) and Byzantine	18
1827323956	what was the nomadic/tribal leader called of the Bedouin society called?	Sheikh	19
1827323957	what did small scale trade and AG develop around?	oases	20
1827323958	what was the original name of Mecca?	yatrhib	21
1827323959	who was the first muslim?	khadijah	22
1827323960	what were 4 motives for arab conquest?	islamic unity, bedouin heritage, wealth, misconceptions	23
1827323961	where did the Umayyad caliphate move the Islamic capital to?	Damascus	24
1827323962	what was the name for people of the book?	Dhimmi	25
1827323963	what were non-arab converts called?	Mawali	26
1827323964	the Rashidun caliphate established what?	islamic caldendar	27
1827323965	where did Abbasid caliphate move the islamic capital to?	baghdad	28
1827323966	what is a Wazir?	chief administrator/head of caliph's inner circle	29
1827323967	what caliphate built huge bureaucracy to govern the empire?	abbasid	30
1827323968	under what caliphate was islam's golden age?	abbasids	31
1827323969	what was special about the abbasid dynasty?	tolerance toward non arabs	32
1827323970	what was the center of islamic Golden age and major trade city?	baghdad	33
1827323971	where did islamic merchants settle in in swahili?	coastal villages	34
1827323972	what did the swahili states trade and for what?	traded raw materials for Indian, Islamic, and Chinese luxuries	35
1827323973	what did Zimbabwe build?	massive stone enclosures	36
1827323974	what did Zimababwe supply and for who?	gold and swahili coast	37
1827323975	why did Zimbabwe decline?	internal divisions	38
1827323976	what did camels do?	they replaced horses and donkeys as transport animals	39
1827323977	what was traded on the Trans-saharan trade routes?	gold, salt, and ivory flourishes	40
1827323978	what did trans-saharan trade lead to?	the rise of the kingdoms in the sudan	41
1827323979	what was the political structure of sudan?	patriarch or council of elders	42
1827323980	what was sudan based upon?	ethnic core	43
1827323981	what were rulers considered in sudan?	sacred	44
1827323982	what did islam reinforce in sudan?	kingship	45
1827323983	what did Ghana use to control trans-sahran trade routes?	territorial expansion	46
1827323984	what did trade lead to?	urbanization	47
1827323985	what weakened ghana?	nomadic raids form the sahara	48
1827323986	what is sundiata?	the lion prince	49
1827323987	what was the base of Mali society?	AG with gold trade	50
1827323988	what were most people in mali society?	rural farmer, small farms owned by families	51
1827323989	what controlled mali trade? and what was it called?	the merchant class, called the juula	52
1827323990	when did slave trade become common in mali?	after the islamic conquest	53
1827323991	how was society organized in mali?	according to clans	54
1827323992	what were many societies in mali?	matrilineal	55
1827323993	what was common in mali?	polygamy	56
1827323994	what are griots?	oral historian in mali	57
1827323995	why was Dejenne famous?	for the largest adobe building in the world, called the great mosque	58
1827323996	why was timbuktu famous?	for its library and university	59
1827323997	who founded songhai founded by?	sunni ali and expaned by Askia muhammad the great	60
1827323998	who conquered the songhai empire?	moroccans with muskets in 1591	61
1827323999	what was the kingdom of Benin?	city-state established by Edo peoples	62
1827324000	what was Benin know for?	its bronze and ivory sculptures	63
1827324001	what language was impressed by Benin?	portuguese	64
1827324002	who invaded Indian subcontinent at the beginning of the 11th century?	afghan warlords	65
1827324003	what does islam start conquering?	hindu kingdoms	66
1827324004	what is the islamic state in india called?	delhi sultanate	67
1827324005	what is the capital of the islamic india?	delhi	68
1827324006	what time span did islam rule inda?	1206-1526	69
1827324007	why did many people convert to islam?	it meant not having to pay the head tax imposed on the nonbelievers	70
1827324008	despite influence what did many indians stay true to?	hinduism	71
1827324009	what other religion did islam have tension with?	hinduism	72
1827324010	why was persia's conversion easier?	ideas were closer to christianty	73
1827324011	what influenced islamic states?	persian traditions	74
1827324012	shi'a based persian art was....	colorful geometric desgns	75
1827324013	what type of communities settled in SE asia?	diasporic	76
1827324014	how did islam enter SE asia? and what did it become?	merchants, and became crossroads for trade between India,China, and arab pen.	77
1827324015	what empire developed in SE asia?	Srivijaya	78
1827324016	what did Mansa Musa do?	pilgrimage to mecca	79
1827324017	who is Ibn Battuta?	muslim traveler who narrated experiences	80
1827324018	what is the european term for muslims?	moors	81
1827324019	what was the european cultural and economic center?	cordoba	82
1827324020	what is another name for Al-Andalus?	Moorish Iberia	83
1827324021	what did islamic merchants trade with India and SE asia?	spices	84