Pre-Ap World History Flashcards

5720751363	Charlemagne	Founder of empire thats now France, Germany. loved battle and a successful conqueror	0
5720751364	Vikings	Scandinavian peoples whose sailors raided Europe from 700s through the 1100s	1
5720751365	Feudal Contract	Exchange of pledges between lords and vassals	2
5720751366	Fief	An estate granted by a powerful lord	3
5720751367	Knight	A European noble who served as a mounted warrior	4
5720751368	Serf	A peasant bound to the lords land	5
5720751369	Black Death	An Epidemic or the bubonic plague that raged through Europe in the 1300s	6
5720751370	Humanism	An intellectual movement that focused on educations and the classics	7
5720751371	Humanities	Study of subjects such as grammar,rhetoric poetry and history	8
5720751372	Patron	A person who provides financial support for the arts	9
5720751373	Perspective	Artistic technique used to give paintings and drawings a 3D effect	10
5720751374	Vernacular	Everyday language of ordinary people	11
5720751375	Leonardo Da vinci	Italian Artist, Ideal Renaissance man due to his talents, Mona Lisa and the Last supper	12
5720751376	Michelangelo	Italian Painter, Known for sculptures and engineering, architecture and poems	13
5720751377	Raphael	Renaissance painter who blended Christian and classic styles, one of the Madonna and school of Athens	14
5720751378	Castiglione	Italian courtier, diplomat and writer, Book of Courtier-advice of manners, etc.	15
5720751379	Machiavelli	Renaissance political philosopher, statesman and writer. The Prince-guide for rulers keeping power	16
5720751380	Gutenberg	Invented the printing press and was the first to complete edition of the Christian Bible	17
5720751381	Albrecht Durer	Traveled to Italy to study works of other Italian artists and applied them to his own, went to spread renaissance to Northern Europe	18
5720751382	Erasmus	Dutch Humanist l who used knowledge to produce Greek edition of New Testament.	19
5720751383	Sir Thomas More	English Humanist that pressed for social and economic reforms, wrote utopia	20
5720751384	Utopian	Idealistic or visionary, used to describe perfect society	21
5720751385	Shakesphere	best poet and play-writer in renaissance literature	22
5720751386	Indulgence	A type of pardon that lessened the time of punishment a soul faced for the sins committed during a persons lifetime	23
5720751387	95 theses	Arguments against indulgences	24
5720751388	Martin Luther	Changed church teachings with the 95 theses, led to excommunication and development of Lutherism	25
5720751389	Charles V	Italy-Roman emperor who summoned Luther to diet of worms	26
5720751390	Diet	Assembly of legislature	27
5720751391	John Calvin	Influenced by Erasmus, joined Protestant reformation, interpretation of Christian doctrine is called calvinism	28
5720751392	Predestination	Calvinist belief of god determined who would gain salvation	29
5720751393	Theocracy	Government run by religious leaders	30
5720751394	King Henry VIII	Break with the Catholic Church was political; desired an annulment then used wealth to gain support	31
5720751395	Divine right	Idea that a rulers authority came directly from god	32
5720751396	Absolute monarchy	A ruler has complete authority over the government and lives with those who he/she governs	33
5720751397	Huguenots	French Protestants of the 1500s-1600s	34
5720751398	Edict of Nantes	Granted the Huguenots religious toleration and other freedoms	35
5720751399	Cardinal Richellu	Considered as one of the greatest politicians in history, played important role in France history	36
5720751400	Louis XIV	Served as King of France and is considered as symbol of absolute monarchy	37
5720751401	Versailles	A time where thinkers produced new ideas about government and basic rights	38
5720751402	Enlightenment	A time where thinkers produced new ideas about government and basic human rights	39
5720751403	John Locke	Prolific writer on political philosophy,proposed people are born with certain natural rights that can't be taken away	40
5720751404	Thomas Hobbes	An influential political philosopher known as leviathan	41
5720751405	Social contract	An agreement where people gave up their freedom to a powerful government in order to avoid chaos	42
5720751406	Natural rights	Rights that belongs to all humans from birth such as life , liberty and property	43
5720751407	Philosophers	French thinkers who desired reform in society during the enlightenment	44
5720751408	Montesquieu	Studied governments of Europe and disagreed with absolute monarchy, wrote Persian letters that made fun of French government	45
5720751409	Voltaire	Impassioned poet, historian, essayist and wrote with cutting sarcasm and wit, wrote about political and religious freedom	46
5720751410	Rousseau	Revolutionized thought in politics and ethics, impact on how parents educated their children, influenced people's taste in music and arts. Society placed influences on people's behavior	47
5720751411	Adam Smith	Known for "inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations", arguments for free markets has helped shape productive economies around the world	48
5720751412	Laissez-Faire	policy allowing business to operate with little or no government interference	49
5720751413	Free Market	Market regulated by the natural laws of supply and demand	50
5720751414	Free enterprise system	Commerce and business compete for profit with little or no government interference	51
5720751415	Censorship	Restriction on access to ideas and information	52
5720751416	Salons	Informational social gatherings at which writers, artists, philosophers and others exchanged ideas	53
5720751417	Enlightened despots	Absolute ruler who used their power to bring political and social change	54
5720751418	Joseph II	Most radial enlightenment despots, abolished serfdom and encouraged of the press	55
5720751419	Ancient Regime	Old order system of government in pre-revolutionary France, everyone belonged to one of 3 estates	56
5720751420	Estates	Social classes (3 of them)	57
5720751421	Bourgeoise	Middle class, included bankers, merchants, lawyers, manufacturers etc.	58
5720751422	Deficit spending	Government spends more money then it takes in	59
5720751423	Louis XVI	King of pre-revolutionary France, failed to support his ministers, agreed to summon estates-general, branded as a traitor and was executed	60
5720751424	Jacques Necker	Was a director of the French treasury before the revolution and attempted to reform the countries finances, finance expert	61
5720751425	Estates-General	Legislative body made up of made up of the representatives of the three estates in pre-revolutionary France	62
5720751426	Cahiers	Notebook used in pre-revolutionary to record grievances	63
5720751427	Tennis Court Oath	Famous oath made on a tennis court by the third estate. (Don't do anything till a new constitution is creates)	64
5720751428	Bastille	Fortress in Paris used a prison; French Revolution began when Parisians invaded it	65
5720751429	Faction	A group of clique within a larger group that has different ideas and opinions	66
5720751430	Marquis De lafayette	A French noble, fought with the Americans in the revolutionary war	67
5720751431	Marie Antionette	careless ways, conducts and various scandals helped harm the monarchy. Wife of Louis XVI	68
5720751432	Emigre	A person who flees his or her country for political reasons	69
5720751433	Sans-Cullotes	Members of working class who made French Revolution more radical	70
5720751434	Jacobins	Members of a radical political club during the French Revolution	71
5720751435	Suffrage	The right to vote	72
5720751436	Maximilian Robespierre	Elected to estates-general, became members of jacobins, committee of public safety, started the reign of terror	73
5720751437	Reign or Terror	Time period during the French Revolution when people in France were arrested not supporting the Revolution and were executed	74
5720751438	Guillotine	Device used during the reign of terror to execute thousands by beheading	75
5721114608	Napoleon	Military genius who was elected consul for life, elected himself as leader for France	76
5721114609	Nationalism	A strong feeling of pride and devotion to ones country	77
5721114610	Plebiscite	a ballot in which voters have a direct say on an issue	78
5721114611	Napoleonic Rule		79
5721114612	Napoleonic Wars		80
5721114613	Contextual System		81
5721114614	Guerrilla Warfare		82
5721114615	Abdicated		83
5721114616	Congress of Vienna		84
5721114617	Legitmacy		85
5721114618	Concert of Europe		86
5721114619	Capital		87
5721114620	Enterprise		88
5721114621	Entrepreneur		89
5721114622	Free market		90
5721114623	Socialism		91
5721114624	Means if production		92
5721114625	Robert owen		93
5721114626	Karl marx		94
5721114627	Communism		95
5721114628	Proletariat		96
5721114629	Social demcracy		97
5721114630	Otto van Bismarck		98
5721114631	Chancellor		99
5721114632	Realpolitik		100
5721114633	Kaiser		101
5721114634	Reichkulterkampf		102
5721114635	Social Welfare		103
5721114636	Francis Joseph		104
5721114637	Dual Monarchy		105
5721114638	Imperalism		106
5721114639	Protecterate		107
5721114640	Sphere of Influence		108
5721114641	Sati		109
5721114642	Sepoys		110
5721114643	Viceroy		111
5721114644	Ram Mohun Roy		112
5721114645	Trade Surplus		113
5721114646	Trade Deficit		114
5721114647	Opium war		115
5721114648	Indemnity		116
5721114649	Extraterritoriality		117
5721114650	Taiping Rebellion		118
5721114651	Sino-Japanese War		119
5721114652	Open door policy		120
5721114653	Boxer uprising		121
5721114654	Sun Yixian		122
5721114655	Matthew Perry		123
5721114656	Meiji Restoration		124
5721114657	Zaibatsu		125
5721114658	Homogenous society		126
5721114659	First Sino-Japanese		127
5721114660	Russo-Japanese war		128