Ap world history Flashcards

6769714952	Vedas	Collections of hymns, songs, prayers, and rituals honoring the barious gods of the Aryans.	0
6769718840	Theocracy	A government controlled by religious leaders	1
6769721549	Aristocracy	hereditary nobility; privileged class; government by nobility; N. aristocrat	2
6769728996	Artisan	craftsman	3
6769731557	Civilization	A society with cities, a central government, job specialization, and social classes(	4
6769734134	Polis	A city-state in ancient Greece.	5
6769736167	Indo-European	In about the 1500s BCE these people were migrating tribes from present-day southeast Russia. Some traveled to Europe, some to Persia, and some to India. Thus, today many people in Europe, Perisa, and India share some lingustic, cultural, and biological roots.	6
6769741208	Brahmin	A member of the social class of priests in Aryan society	7
6769743486	Huns	large nomadic group from northern Asia who invaded territories extending from China to Eastern Europe. They virtually lived on their horses, herding cattle, sheep, and horses as well as hunting.	8
6769746246	Democracy	A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them	9
6769748328	Monsoon	A seasonal wind.	10
6769749687	Dynasty	A series of rulers from the same family	11
6769754881	Hieroglyphics	An ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds	12
6769760296	Foraging	searching for food	13
6769761690	Covenant	A solemn agreement between human beings or between God and a human being in which mutual commitments are made.	14
6769763371	Pharoah	A ruler of ancient Egypt	15
6769768043	Artifact	Any object made by humans, especially those from an earlier time, such as those excavated by archaeologists	16
6769770560	Oracle bones	animal bones carved with written characters which were used for telling the future	17
6769776103	Silk roads	A system of ancient caravan routes across Central Asia, along which traders carried silk and other trade goods.	18
6769778357	Jati	(Hinduism) a Hindu caste or distinctive social group of which there are thousands throughout India	19
6769782285	Steppe	Sparse, dry, treeless grassland	20
6769784656	Yahweh	Hebrew name for God	21
6769787022	Aristotle	Greek philosopher; teacher of Alexander the Great; knowledge based on observation of phenomena in material world	22
6769791244	Nirvana	The state of englightenment for Buddhists.	23
6769796767	Mokasha	enlightenment after going through samsara; samsara is part of Hinduism and its believed that if you do something bad you will live over and over until you fufill your duty	24
6769814312	Karma	A Hindu and Buddhist concept that by doing good to others, good will happen to you (and vise versa)	25
6769819006	Alexander the great	Between 334 and 323 B.C.E. he conquered the Persian Empire, reached the Indus Valley, founded many Greek-style cities, and spread Greek culture across the Middle East.	26
6769912037	Ziggurat	massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mudbricks. It is associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities, but its function is unknown.	27
6769917805	Disciple	A follower of Jesus	28
6769924225	Patriarcal	relating to a social group headed by a male family leader	29
6769928358	Reincarnation	In Hinduism and Buddhism, the process by which a soul is reborn continuously until it achieves perfect understanding	30
6769933614	Twelve tables	Rome's first code of laws; adopted in 450 B.C.	31
6769946999	Mandate of heaven	A political theory of ancient China in which those in power were given the right to rule from a divine source	32
6769954415	Geocentric theory	Earth is the center of the universe. Aristotelian.	33
6769961131	Polytheisim	the belief in many gods.	34
6769963802	Monotheism	Belief in one God	35
6769966397	Animisn	Believe that spirits occupy in natural objects	36
6769970342	Sati	A work that reveals a critical attitude toward some element of human behavior by portraying it in an extreme way.	37
6769977229	Diapora	the dispersion of jews from the homeland	38
6769979640	Torah	The first five books of Jewish Scripture, which they believe are by Moses, are called this	39
6775982331	pope	Head of the Roman Catholic Church	40
6776000943	Varna	A caste in the Hindu caste system	41
6776005497	Ten Commandments	A set of laws for responsible behavior, which, according to the Bible, were given to Moses by God.	42
6776008322	Stoicism	the endurance of pain or hardship without a display of feelings and without complaint	43
6776013644	Neolithic age	"New Stone Age"; About 10,000 years ago marked by advances in the production of stone tools. Shift from hunting and gathering to agriculture	44
6776014976	Climate	Overall weather in an area over a long period of time	45
6776019400	New Testament	The second part of the Christian Bible, containing descriptions of the life and teachings of Jesus and of his early followers	46
6776021128	Dharma	In Hindu belief, a person's religious and moral duties	47
6776026825	Pastrolism	Mode of livelihood based on domestic animal herbs and the use of the products of meat and milk	48
6776028386	Messiah	"Any expected deliver"	49
6776036686	Ka'aba	A black stone building in Mecca that is shaped like a cube and that is the most sacred Muslim pilgrim shrine	50
6776048614	Syncretism	a combination of different forms of belief and practice	51
6776050205	Hadith	A tradition relating the words or deeds of the Prophet Muhammad; next to the Quran, the most important basis for Islamic law.	52
6776053731	Magna Carta	A charter of liberty and political rights obtained from King John of England by his rebellious barons at Runnymede in 1215.	53
6776058326	Harem	A household of wives and concubines in the Middle East, Africa, or Asia	54
6776062523	Daimyo	A Japanese feudal lord who commanded a private army of samurai	55
6776065063	Chivlary	the code of conduct followed by knights during the Middle Ages	56
6776066765	Mita	Andean labor system based on shared obligations to help kinsmen and work on behalf of the ruler and religious organizations.	57
6776067988	Maori	New Zealand indigenous culture established around 800 CE	58
6776069981	Bakufu	military-style government of the Japanese shogun	59
6776073051	Khan	A Mongol ruler	60
6776076320	Serf	A person who is bound to the land and owned by the feudal lord	61
6776081968	Parliament	Britain's law-making assembly	62
6776083557	Kowtow	a Chinese custom of touching the ground with the forehead as a sign of respect or submission	63
6776087029	Caravel	a small, fast Spanish or Portuguese sailing ship of the 15th-17th centuries.	64
6776089605	Quipus	A system of knotted cords of different sizes and colors used by the Incas for keeping records	65
6776094781	Manorilism	Economic and social system in medieval Europe I self-sufficient community in which asserts were bound to the land and work hired to work on the Lords manner or state	66
6776096882	Zakat	Tax for charity; obligatory for all Muslims	67
6776100391	Lateen sails	Triangular sail on a short mast	68
6776103391	Quechua	Andean society also known as the Inca	69
6776105461	Sultan	Muslim ruler	70
6776109094	Arabesque	ornate design featuring intertwined curves; a ballet position in which one leg is extended in back while the other supports the weight of the body	71
6776126479	Calpuli	an aztec settlement in which families of different social classes lived and shared the land	72
6776133000	Toltecs	Nomadic peoples from beyond the northern frontier of sedentary agriculture in Mesoamerica; established capital at Tula after migration into central Mesoamerican plateau; strongly militaristic ethic, including cult of human sacrifice.	73
6776138535	Ming dynasty	Founded by hongwu and known for its cultural brilliance	74
6793361047	yuan dynasty	(1279-1368 CE) The dynasty with Mongol rule in China; centralized with bureaucracy but structure is different: Mongols on top->Persian bureaucrats->Chinese bureuacrats.	75
6793691746	Celadon	porcelain with an unusual blue-green glaze	76
6793693891	Five pillars	Basic rules of Islam. 1. Profession of faith 2. Pray five times a day 3. Give alms (give money) 4. Ramadan fast 5. Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca).	77
6793696403	Foot binding	Practice in Chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household.	78
6793702718	Ayllus	in Incan society, a clan or community that worked together on projects required by the ruler	79
6793705730	Fief	land granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for loyalty and service	80
6793715929	Vassal	A knight who promised to support a lord in exchange for land	81
6793718206	Jihad	Islamic holy war	82
6793722253	Shogun	A general who ruled Japan in the emperor's name	83
6793730598	Sufis	a mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life	84
6793732336	Muslim	A follower of Islam	85
6793735883	Chimor	Pre‐Incan South American society that fell to Incas in the fifteenth century	86
6793740881	Bushi	The Feudal Japanese code of honor among the warrior class.	87
6793746096	Kamikaze	Japanese for "divine wind"; a suicide mission in which young Japanese pilots intentionally flew their airplanes into U.S. fighting ships at sea	88
6793751944	Shariah	The body of law that governs Muslim society	89
6793754173	Sunni	The largest branch of Islam. After the death of Muhammad, Muslims who accepted Abu Bakr as the first Caliph became known as Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah or "the people of tradition and unification" in order to differentiate them from the Shia, who rejected Abu Bakr's authority in favor of Muhammad's cousin Ali as the next Caliph.	90
6793758585	Shi'ite	A group of Islamic religion that believes that its religious leader should be chosen based on heredity.	91
6793761579	Caliph	A supreme political and religious leader in a Muslim government	92
6793763483	Umma	The community of all Muslims	93
6793767801	Allah	Arabic word for God	94
6793770359	Quran	The holy book of Islam	95
6793773200	Ramadan	the ninth month of the Muslim year, during which strict fasting is observed from sunrise to sunset.	96
6793775446	Hijah	the migration of Muhammad an his followers from Mecca to Medina	97
6793778684	Mosque	Muslim house of worship	98
6793784256	Seppuku	A Japanese term for ritual suicide committed by the samurai when he had been dishonored.	99
6793786329	Samuri	highly trained Japanese warriors	100
6793793671	Creoles	Descendents of Spanish-born but born in Latin America; resented inferior social, political, economic status.	101
6793799020	Taj Mahal	A beautiful tomb built by the Mughal ruler Shah Jahan to honor his wife.	102
6793811478	Mulatto	A person of mixed African and European ancestry	103
6793814531	Manchus	Northeast Asian peoples who defeated the Ming Dynasty and founded the Qing Dynasty in 1644, which was the last of China's imperial dynasties.	104
6793820194	Mestizo	A person of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry.	105
6793857694	Janissaries	Christian boys taken from families, converted to Islam, and then rigorously trained to serve the sultan	106
6793860498	Natural laws	laws that govern human nature	107
6793864338	Boyars	Russian nobility	108
6793867167	Sovereignty	Supreme power or authority	109
6793869814	Purdah	Seclusion in their homes imposed on women	110
6793875777	Guano	Bird droppings used as fertilizer; a major trade item of Peru in the late nineteenth century	111
6793878424	Suez Canal	A ship canal in northeastern Egypt linking the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea	112
6793883209	Sepoys	Indian troops who served in the British army	113
6793887057	Manifest destiny	Belief that the US was destined to stretch across the continent; idealistic, sent by God, not for economic or territorial reasons	114