AP Language Vocabulary Flashcards

7449273493	Alliteration	The repetition of the same sound or letter at the beginning of consecutive words of syllabus Ex: Sandy Sells Seashells by the Sea Shore	0
7449316966	Allusion	An indirect reference, often to another text or a historic event Ex: He was greedy like Scrooge	1
7449339555	Analogy	An extended comparison between two dissimilar things Ex: You are as annoying as nails on a chalkboard	2
7449366943	Anaphora	The repetition of words at the beginning of successive clauses Ex: Everyday, every night , and in every way I am getting better	3
7449389351	Anecdote	A short account of an interesting event Ex: a small piece of a play or a small story covering an event	4
7449421040	Annotation	Exemplary or critical notes added to a text Ex: -	5
7449433012	Antecedent	The noun to which a later pronoun refers Ex: The bird ate the fish, and immediately it died	6
7449436433	Antimetabole	The repetition of words in an inverted order to sharpen contrast Ex: Eat to live, not live to eat	7
7449440263	Antithesis	Parallel Structure that juxtaposes contrasting ides Ex: Give every man thy ear, but few thy voice	8
7449444624	Aphorism	A short, astute statement of the general truth Ex: Words, of course, are the most powerful drug used by mankind	9
7449448059	Archaic Diction	The use of words common to an earlier time period; antiquated language Ex: Stoppeth, Thy, Thou	10
7449804680	Appositive	A word of phrase that renames a nearby noun of pronoun Ex: Geanettes bedroom desk, the biggest disaster area in the house, is a collection of overdue library books, dirty plates, computer components , old mail, cat hair, and empty potato chip bags	11
7449448060	Argument	A statement put forth and supported by evidence Ex: -	12
7449454132	Assertion	An emphatic statement; declaration. An assertion supported by evidence becomes an argument Ex: "I believe racism is wrong,"	13
7449456451	Assumption	A belief or statement taken for granted without proof Ex: -	14
7449459046	Asyndeton	Leaving out conjunctions between words, phrases, and clauses Ex:They dove, splashed, swam, splashed , snorted	15
7449459047	Attitude	The speakers position on a subject as revealed through his or her tone	16
7449462184	Audience	One's listener or relationship; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed	17
7449464802	Authority	A reliable respected source- someone with knowledge Ex: Not CNN	18
7449464803	Bias	Prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue Ex: CNN	19
7449467012	Cite	Identifying a part of a piece of writing as being derived from a source	20
7449467013	Claim	An assertion usually supported by evidence	21
7449469385	Close Reading	A careful reading that is attentive to organization, figurative language, sentence structure, vocabulary, and other literary and structural elements of a text	22
7449472913	Colloquial/ism	An informal or conversational use of language	23
7449472914	Common Ground	Shared beliefs, values, or positions	24
7449477751	Complex Sentence	A sentence that includes on independent clause, and at least one dependent clause	25
7449479940	Concession	A reluctant acknowledgement or yielding	26
7449479941	Connotation	That which is implied by a word, as opposed to the words literal meaning	27
7449483552	Context	Words, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning	28
7449483553	Coordination	Grammatical equivalence between parts of a sentence often through a coordinating conjunction Ex: and or but	29
7449487254	Counterargument	A challenge to a position; an opposing argument	30
7449493611	Cumulative Sentence	An independent clause followed by subordinate clauses or phrases that supply additional detail	31
7449496720	Declarative Sentence	A sentence that makes a statement	32
7449496721	Deduction	Reasoning from GENERAL TO SPECIFIC	33
7449500778	Denotation	The literal meaning of a word by its dictionary definition	34
7449500779	Diction	Word choice	35
7449504571	Documentation	Bibliographic information about the sources used in a piece of writing	36
7449507766	Elegiac	Mournful over what has passed or been lost; used to describe tone	37
7449509727	Epigram	A brief witty statement	38
7449509728	Ethos	A Greek term referring to a character of a person; One of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (See logos and pathos)	39
7449514400	Figurative Language	The use of tropes of figure of speech; going beyond literal meaning to archive literary effect	40
7449516834	Figure of Speech	An expression that strives for literary effect rather than conveying a literal meaning	41
7449518970	Hyperbole	Exaggeration for the purpose of emphasis	42
7449518971	Imagery	Vivid use of language that evokes a readers senses (Sight, smell, touch, hear, taste)	43
7449523452	Imperative Sentence	A sentence that requests or commands	44
7449523453	Induction	Reasoning from SPECIFIC TO GENERAL	45
7449526802	Inversion	A sentence in which the verb precedes the subject	46
7449529415	Irony	A contradiction between what is said and what is meant; incongruity between action and result	47
7449531582	Juxtaposition	Placement of two things side by side for emphasis	48
7449552345	Logos	A Greek term that means "word"; an appeal to logic; One of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (See Pathos and Ethos)	49
7449574089	Metaphor	A figure of speech or trope through one thing is spoken of as though it were something else, thus making an implicit comparison	50
7449577061	Metonymy	Use of an aspect of something to represent the whole	51
7449579166	Occasion	An aspect of context; the cause or reason for writing	52
7449581376	Oxymoron	A figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms	53
7449581377	Paradox	A statement that seems contradictory but is actually true	54
7449585935	Parallelism	The repetition of similar grammatical or syntactical patterns	55
7449585936	Parody	A piece that intimidates and exaggerates the prominent features of another; used for comic effect of ridicule	56
7449593502	Pathos	A Greek term that refers to suffering but has come to be associated with border appeals to emotion; One of Aristotle's rhetorical appeals (See ethos and logos)	57
7449595985	Persona	The speaker, voice, or character assumed by the author of a piece of writing	58
7449598867	Personification	Assigning lifelike characteristics to inanimate objects	59
7449601583	Polemic	An argument against an idea, usually regarding philosophy, politics, or religion	60
7449605656	Polysyndeton	The deliberate use of a series of conjunctions	61
7449608109	Propaganda	A negative term for writing designed to sway opinion rather than present information	62
7449608110	Purpose	One's intention or objective in a speech or piece of writing	63
7449613173	Refute	To discredit an argument, particularly a counterargument	64
7449616166	Rhetoric	The study of effective, persuasive language use; according to Aristotle use of the "available means of persuasion"	65
7449619891	Rhetorical Modes	Patterns of organization developed to archive a specific purpose; modes include, but are not limited to narration, description, comparison and contrast, cause and effect, definition, exemplification, classification and division, process and analysis, and argumentation	66
7449625302	Rhetorical Question	A question asked more to produce an effect than to summon an answer	67
7449627959	Satire	An ironic, sarcastic, or witty composition that claims to argue for something, but argues against it	68
7449627960	Scheme	A pattern of words or sentence construction used for rhetorical effect	69
7449631247	Sentence Patterns	The arrangement of independent and dependent clauses into known sentence constructions- such as simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex	70
7449633883	Sentence Variety	Using a variety of sentence patterns to create a desired effect	71
7449636004	Simile	A figure of speech that uses "like" or "as" to compare two things	72
7449638408	Simple Sentence	A statement containing a subject and a predicate; an independent clause	73
7449641434	Source	A book, article, person, or other resource consulted for information	74
7449641435	Speaker	A term used for the author, speaker, or person who's perspective (real or imagined) is being advanced in a speech or piece of writing	75
7449641436	Syntax	Sentence structure	76
7449645543	Synthesize	Combining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex	77
7449648879	Straw Man	A logical fallacy that involves the creation of an easily refutable position; misrepresenting then attacking the opponents position	78
7449648880	Style	The distinctive quality of speech or writing created by the selection and arrangement of words and figures of speech	79
7449651581	Subject	In rhetoric, the topic addressed in a piece of writing	80
7449655182	Subordinate Clause	Created by a subordinating conjunction, a clause that modifies an independent clause	81
7449655183	Subordination	The dependence of one syntactical element on another in a sentence	82
7449660874	Syllogism	A form of deductive reasoning in which the conclusion is a major and minor premise (see major and minor premise)	83
7449664723	Premise: Major, Minor	Two parts of syllogism. The concluding sentence of a syllogism takes its predicate from the major premise and its subject from the minor premise MAJOR PREMISE: All mammals are warm blooded MINOR PREMISE: All horses are mammals CONCLUSION: All horses are warm blooded (see syllogism)	84
7449667000	Thesis	The central idea in a work to which all parts of the work refer	85
7449667001	Thesis Statement	A statement of the central idea in a work, may be explicit or implicit	86
7449669302	Tone	The speakers attitude towards the subject or audience	87
7449672943	Topic Sentence	A sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraphs idea and often unites it with the works thesis	88
7449672944	Trope	Artful diction; the use of language in a nonliteral way; also called a figure of speech	89
7449678190	Understatement	Lack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect	90
7449678191	Voice	In grammar, the term for a relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing	91
7449680159	Zuegma	A construction in which one word (usually a verb) modifies or governs- often in different, and sometimes incongruent ways- two or more words in a sentence	92