AP Lit Spring Study List Flashcards

4091059742	zeugma	A figure of speech in which a word applies to two others in different senses (e.g., John and his license expired last week ) or to two others of which it semantically suits only one (e.g., with weeping eyes and hearts ).	0
4091062869	metonomy	A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated (such as "crown" for "royalty").	1
4091064195	synedoche	Figure of speech in which a part of something is meant to represent a whole "all hands on deck"	2
4091067285	chiasmus	A statement consisting of two parallel parts in which the second part is structurally reversed ("Susan walked in, and out rushed Mary.")	3
4091068956	ceasura	A distinct pause within a line of verse, often near the center.	4
4091070193	anaphora	A sub-type of parallelism, when the exact repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines or sentences. MLK used anaphora in his famous "I Have a Dream" speech (1963).	5
4091074209	epistrophe	A device in which the same word is repeated at the end of successive phrases, clauses, or sentences. Example: "I believe we should fight for justice. You believe we should fight for justice. How can we not, then, fight for justice?"	6
4091075654	heroic couplet	A couplet consisting of two rhymed lines of iambic pentamenter and written in an elevated style	7
4091078812	blank verse	Unrhymed iambic pentameter	8
4091079791	Petrarchan sonnet	A sonnet (14 lines of rhyming iambic pentameter) that divides into an octave (8) and sestet (6). There is a "volta," or "turning" of the subject matter between the two. (also called Italian sonnet)	9
4091091311	Elizabethan sonnet	A type of sonnet much used by Shakespeare, written in iambic pentameter and consisting of three quatrains and a final couplet with the rhyme scheme abab cdcd efef gg.	10
4091093015	villanelle	A nineteen-line lyric poem that relies heavily on repetition. The first and third lines alternate throughout the poem, which is structured in six stanzas --five tercets and a concluding quatrain. Examples include Bishop's "One Art," Roethke's "The Waking," and Thomas's "Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night."	11
4091093807	ballad	A narrative poem written in four-line stanzas, characterized by swift action and narrated in a direct style.	12
4091094274	conceit	A fanciful, particularly clever extended metaphor	13
4091096320	ode	a lyric poem in the form of an address to a particular subject, often elevated in style or manner and written in varied or irregular meter	14
4091097373	apostrophe	A poem that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. It is an address to someone or something that cannot answer.	15
4091111265	assonance	Repetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity	16
4091111735	consonance	Repetition of a consonant sound within two or more words in close proximity.	17
4091114005	paradox	A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth.	18
4091114605	parallel structure	Repetition of the same pattern of words or phrases within a sentence or passage to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance.	19
4091121877	feminine rhyme	lines rhymed by their final two syllables--running, gunning; properly, the penultimate syllables are stressed and the final syllables are unstressed	20
4091123183	frame narrative	a story that encloses one or more separate stories. (the frame is a vehicle for the stories it contains)	21
4091124431	epistolary novel	A novel composed wholly or primarily of letters. Unfolds through the written documents passed from person to person.	22
4091313829	tetrameter	A verse line having four metrical feet	23
4091315190	tone	Attitudes and presuppositions of the author that are revealed by their linguistic choices (diction, syntax, rhetorical devices)	24
4091325464	litotes	(pronounced almost like "little tee") - a form of understatement that involves making an affirmative point by denying its opposite. Litote is the opposite of hyperbole. Examples: "Not a bad idea," "Not many," "It isn't very serious. I have this tiny little tumor on the brain" (Salinger, Catcher in the Rye).	25
4091352045	periodic sentence	A sentence not grammatically complete until it has reached its final phrase; sentence that departs from the usual word order of English sentences by expressing its main thought only at the end	26
4091354654	loose sentence	A type of sentence in which the main idea comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses	27
4091357304	formal diction	Consists of a dignified, impersonal, and elevated use of language; it follows the rules of syntax exactly and is often characterized by complex words and lofty tone.	28
4091359434	allusion	A reference in a literary work to a person, place, or thing in history or another work of literature.	29
4091363299	allegory	A story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.	30
4091463564	syntax	Arrangement of words in phrases and sentences	31
4091464782	dependent clause	This clause contains a noun and a verb but is set up with a subordinate conjunction, which makes the clause an incomplete thought. Because the magician's rabbit refused to come out of the hat...	32
4091466012	independent clause	A clause that can stand alone as a sentence; it must have a noun and a verb (subject and predicate)	33
4091467629	synesthesia	Describing one kind of sensation in terms of another ("a loud color", "a sweet sound")	34
4091468431	eye rhyme	occurs when words are spelled the same and look alike but sound differently. ex. move, love / shove, grove / tear, fear	35
4091474423	half rhyme	Half rhyme is one of the major poetic devices. It is also called an imperfect rhyme, slant rhyme, near rhyme or oblique rhyme. It can be defined as a rhyme in which the stressed syllables of ending consonants match, however the preceding vowel sounds do not match.	36
4091505096	stanza	A fixed number of lines of verse forming a unit of a poem	37
4091505561	enjambment	A run-on line of poetry in which logical and grammatical sense carries over from one line into the next.	38
4091505941	speaker	the narrator of a poem; not to be confused with the poet who wrote the poem.	39
4248435056	anapest	Two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable	40
4248436803	trochee	A stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable	41
4248439029	dactyl	A metrical foot consisting of one accented syllable followed by two unaccented syllables	42
4253844566	bildungsroman	A coming of age story	43
4253852245	picaresque	involving clever rogues or adventurers especially as in a type of fiction	44
4293644475	polysyndeton	Deliberate use of many conjunctions in close succession, especially where some might be omitted. Hemingway and the Bible both use extensively. Ex. "he ran and jumped and laughed for joy"	45