APES- Soils Flashcards
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| 9791115089 | Physical weathering | Breaking down rocks through physical processes like freezing and thawing |  | 0 |
| 9791115090 | Chemical weathering | Breaking down of rocks by chemicals, like enzymatic activity, acid precipitation, and oxidation |  | 1 |
| 9791115091 | Erosion | Processes by which rock, sand, and soil are broken down and carried away |  | 2 |
| 9791118740 | Humus | Rich, dark organic material formed by decay of vegetable matter, essential to soil's fertility |  | 3 |
| 9791118741 | Leaching | Removal of dissolved materials from soil by water moving (percolating/infiltrating) downwards |  | 4 |
| 9791118742 | O horizon | Soil layer that has organic matter in various stages of decomposition |  | 5 |
| 9791121916 | A horizon | Soil layer characterized by mixing of organic material and mineral material; also known as topsoil | | 6 |
| 9791121917 | B horizon | Soil layer that receives the minerals and organic materials that are leached out of the A horizon. | | 7 |
| 9791121918 | C horizon | Least weathered soil horizon that is similar to the parent material | | 8 |
| 9791125811 | Soil tilth | Physical condition of soil in relation to plant growth; soil texture |  | 9 |
| 9791125812 | Permeability | Ability of rock or soil to allow water to flow through it |  | 10 |
| 9791128705 | Sand | Coarsest soil sediment size, with particles 0.05,2.0 mm in diameter. | 11 | |
| 9791128704 | Porosity | The percentage of the total volume of a rock or sediment that consists of open spaces. |  | 12 |
| 9791128706 | Silt | Sediment particles ranging from 0.004 to 0.06 mm that may occur as a soil (often mixed with sand or clay) or as sediment mixed in suspension with water (also known as a suspended load) such as a river. | 13 | |
| 9791128707 | Clay | The finest soil sediment, made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter. | 14 | |
| 9791132390 | Loam | Agricultural soil with optimal portions of sand, silt, clay (40%, 40%, 20%) |  | 15 |
| 9791132391 | Alfisols | Moderately weathered deciduous forest soils; moist, highly mineral-rich soils |  | 16 |
| 9791134889 | Aridisols | Dry soils found in most desert areas; salinization common |  | 17 |
| 9791134890 | Mollisols | Fertile, dark soils of temperate grasslands |  | 18 |
| 9791134891 | Oxisols | Intensely weathered soils of tropical and subtropical environments |  | 19 |
| 9791139437 | Spodosols | Acidic soils with a subsurface accumulation of metal-humus complexes soils of coniferous (needle-leaf evergreen, pine) forests (Taiga/Boreal) |  | 20 |