American pageant 13th edition chapter 21 Flashcards

8564994612	Andrew Johnson	Southern War Democrat who ran as Lincoln's "Union party" vice-president candidate in 1864. Andrew Johnson took over as President after Lincoln was assassinated	0
8565041643	John Wilkes Booth	Fanatical actor whose assassination of Lincoln actually harmed the South. Lincoln was at the height of his popularity, and his death turned him into a martyr. Also, Lincoln was lenient with the South, unlike bitter Northerners who carried on the war	1
8565130341	Robert E. Lee	Top commander of the Confederate Army. launched a counterattack against the Union forces, known as the Seven Days' Battles, from June 26 to July 2, 1862 and drove McClellan's forces back to the sea	2
8565153719	Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson	held his line of Confederate soldiers during the Battle of Bull Run. He Union dispelled the allusion of a quick end to the war.	3
8565165846	Ulysses S. Grant	captured Fort Henry and Fort Donelson in February 1862. Lost Battle of Shiloh. Attacked Vicksburg. The city fell and surrendered on July 4, 1863. Due to back-to-back Union military victories at the Battle of Gettysburg and the Battle of Vicksburg, all Confederate hopes for foreign help were lost.	4
8565206989	Battle of Vicksburg	Fortress whose capture by Grant split the Confederacy in two. opened the way for Sherman's invasion of Georgia	5
8565211675	Gettysburg	Bloodiest fight of the war (3 days), turning point of the war. Site where Lee's last major invasion of the North was turned back	6
8565226089	George McClellan	Election of 1864. The Democrats, including the Copperheads, nominated General McClellan was their presidential candidate. McClellan lost against Lincoln was given command of the Army of the Potomac. Starting the Peninsula Campaign, McClellan's army launched a waterborne attack in the spring of 1862. General Robert E. Lee launched a counterattack against the Union forces, known as the Seven Days' Battles, from June 26 to July 2, 1862 and drove McClellan's forces back to the sea.	7
8565259705	William T. Sherman	led the invasion of Georgia. Sherman's March continued on through Georgia, intent on destroying supplies destined for the Confederate army. By waging war on their homes, Sherman also sought to reduce the morale of the men at the front	8
8565272223	George Picket	[broke union line] Southern officer whose failed Pickett's charge at Gettysburg marked the "high water mark of the Confederacy". It was the Confederacy's last real chance to win the war.	9
8565327243	Merrimack vs. Monitor	On March 9, 1862, the Union ironclad, the Monitor, and the Confederate Merrimack met and fought to a standstill.	10
8565339444	Emancipation proclamation	called for the freeing of all slaves in Confederate territory, except in locations where the Union had mostly regained control. Lincoln did not require slaves to be freed in the Border States because he feared that they would secede. The proclamation fundamentally changed the nature of the war because it effectively removed any chance of a negotiated settlement between the North and the South. The North now had a much stronger moral cause	11
8565348665	Thirteenth Amendment	passed in 1865, 8 months after the Civil War ended. This legally ended slavery	12
8565363209	Battle of Bull Run (1st)	Union decided to attack a small Confederate force at Bull Run. If successful, the victory would show the superiority of Union arms and might eventually lead to the capture of Richmond. The loss for the Union dispelled the allusion of a quick end to the war.	13
8565374727	Battle of Antietam	Draw, but the South withdrew. Bloodiest battle. Considered a "win" for the North, it created the opportunity for the emancipation proclamation	14
8565397191	Gettysburg Address	speech following orator Edward Everett which "remade America"	15
8565446224	54th Massachusetts	Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that saw extensive service in the Union Army during the American Civil War	16
8565448395	Appomattox Courthouse	On April 9, 1865, Lee was forced to surrender the Army of Northern Virginia, effectively ending the Civil War.	17