Ap World History Period 2 Flashcards

4798751877	Mandate of Heaven	A concept in China: the ruler had moral authority so long as the heavenly powers granted to him on the basis of his good character. A well-functioning government was evidence that the ruler possessed the Mandate of Heaven. A poorly functioning government showed that the Mandate had passed away. If a king is weak, others have right to remove him.	0
4798751878	Maya	Mayan lived in the Yucatán peninsula, construct ceremonial surrounded by stone pyramids and temples, sacrifices human lives, elaborated burials. The Maya are noted for their architecture and city planning, their mathematics and create calendar based on agricultural seasons and their hieroglyphics writing system.	1
4798751879	Teotihuacán	An ancient city of central Mexico northeast of present-day Mexico City. Its ruins include the Pyramid of the Sun and the Temple of Quetzalcoatl. 100BC-AD 750 the Teotihuacáns built an enormous city inhabited from about AD 400 and organized as a metropolis from about the beginning of the Christian era. The city included two outstanding temoles-pyramids, dedicated to the Sun and the Monn respectively. They farmed and irrigated the land, and set up trading posts with Mayans. The city was sacked and burned by invading Toltecs in about AD 650. City in Mesoamerica with enormous cultural influence over the settlement. First fully develop town in Mississippi River.	2
4800740566	Yellow River (Huang He)	A river of northern China, tame the wild mighty and dangerous it consistently floods, therefore Chinese control these flooding by building canals for flooding, drainage, and irrigation. The river is sometimes called "China's Sorrow" because of the devastating floods that once occurred regularly in its lower course. Yellow River is the translation if Huang He, its Chinese name.	3
4800740567	Zhou Dynasty	The longest-lasting of China's dynasties (1046-256 B.C.E.). It followed the Shang Dynasty and it finished when the army of the state of Qin captured the city of Chengzhou in 256 B.C.E. Third dynasty created the concept of Mandate of Heaven, recorded Chinese songs in the BOOK OF better equipments in war, divided powers in the states which caused THE WARRING STATES PERIOD, which will be united by Qin Dynasty.	4
4800740568	Legalism	A school of Chinese philosophy that came into prominence during the Period of the Warring States and had great influence on the policies of the Qin dynasty. Legalists took a pessimistic view of human nature and believed that social harmony could be attained only through strong government control and the imposition of strict laws, enforced absolutely.	5
4800740569	Phoenicians	A member of an ancient Semitic people who dominated trade in the first millennium B.C. and founded colonies throughout the Mediterranean. The Phoenicians prospered from trade and manufacturing until the capital, Tyre, was sacked by Alexander the Great in 332 BC.	6
4800740570	Hebrews	A member of the Semitic peoples inhabiting ancient Palestine and claiming descent from Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, an Israelite.	7
4801008929	Alexander the Great	The great warrior from Macedonia conquer land stretch from Egypt in the west to the Indus River in the east. Declare himself a god, captured Persia, Thebe, Granicus, destroyed Persian capital.	8
4801008930	Athens	A city-state in classical Greece. Limited democracy, less women's rights, poor farmers, spelled into slavery, women's and slave could not vote in government.	9
4801008931	Sparta	An Ancient Greece city-state and rival of Athens, known for its militaristic government and for its educational system designed to train children to be devoted citizens and brave soldiers. Defeated Athens in the Peloponnesian War.	10
4801008932	Cyrus the Great	Cyrus the great an Achaemenld founded Persian imperial empire at height, it spread from India to the border of the Egypt. Let the Jews Go home to Judaea and build their temple in Jerusalem. He also returned their money of the temple. Jews stayed loyal to him.	11
4801008933	Democracy	The people has the power to take action in the government.	12
4801008934	Hellenisitc	Greek culture spread across Western Asia and northeastern Africa after the conquest of Alexander the Great.	13
4801008935	Hoplite	A heavily armed foot soldier of Ancient Greece, whose function was to fight in close formation p, usually in ranks of eight men. Each soldier carried a heavy bronze shield, a short iron sword, and a long spear for thrusting.	14
4801008936	Herodotus	the ancient Greek known as the father of history; his accounts of the wars between the Greeks and Persians are the first known examples of historical writing (485-425 BC)	15
4801008937	Persian Wars	refers to the conflict between Greece and Persia in the 5th century BCE which involved two invasions by the latter in 490 and 480 BCE. Several of the most famous and significant battles in history were fought during the Wars, these were at Marathon, Thermopylae, Salamis, and Plataea, all of which would become legendary. The Greeks were, ultimately, victorious and their civilization preserved. If they had been defeated then the western world may not have inherited from them such lasting cultural contributions as democracy, classical architecture and sculpture, theatre, and the Olympic Games.	16
4801008938	Peloponnesian War	Sparta feared that athen would destroy Spartas control over its own alliance. Sparta attacked Athens in order to gain power. Sparta defeated athen with the funding of Persians Sparta and athen fought for full generation.	17
4801008939	Polis	A Greek word meaning a city, city- state and body of citizen. Attracked large population because it offered safety, became center of trade, took farming surplus from countryside to fee inhabitants.	18
4801008940	Ramses II	Greatest temple created by Ramese ll, Egyptian pharaoh.	19
4801008941	Solon	Aristocrat Solon became a mediator between the classes, aristocrats kept land, canceled debts, and forbade debts slavery for poor.	20
4801008942	Zoroastrianism	Official religion throughout the Persian Empire for more than a millennium believe in the good and evil spirits and rewarded in afterlife for a good spirit.	21
4801008943	Punic Wars	A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage resulted in the destruction of Carthage and Rome's dominance over the western Mediterranean.	22
4801008944	Hannibal	247-182 bc, Carthaginian general; son of Hamilcar Barca. He commanded the Carthaginian army in the Second Punic War (218-201). After capturing Sagunto in Spain, he invaded Italy (218), crossing the Alps with an army of about 40 000 men and defeating the Romans at Trasimene (217) and Cannae (216). In 203 he was recalled to defend Carthage and was defeated by Scipio at Zama (202). He was later forced into exile and committed suicide to avoid capture.	23
4801008945	Battle of Actium	The war between Augustus and Antony. Augustus won battle and took all the wealth of Egypt.	24
4801008946	Celt	Develop iron technology in weapons and tools, horse riding warriors, women's had more freedom, Roman conquered them and killed them or make them flee out of the Rome.	25
4801008947	Cleopatra VII	Queen of the Egypt wife of Julius Caesar and then seduce Anthony to take control of Rome.	26
4801008948	Colosseum	Built under emperor Vespasian built for entertainment.	27
4801008949	Constantine	Accepted Christianity and ended persecution of Christians, moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium, spread Christianity.	28
4801008950	Consul	Under the Roman republic, one of the two magistrates holding supreme civil and military authority.	29
4801008951	Edict of Milan	A permanent establishment of tolerance of Christianitywith in the Roman Empire. This was the agreement in Milan.	30
4801008952	G. Julius Caesar	Roman general and dictator. Responsible for producing games for Roman entertainment. Most powerful general senators killed Caesar, revised Roman calendar, created Julius calendar, organize Rome city government, give citizenship to provinces, policy of bread- circuses	31
4801008953	Goths	Germanic tribe made up of the Visigoths and the Ostrogoths who threatened invasion to the empire.	32
4801008954	Imperator	Commander of the military who is also The emperor.	33
4801008955	Justinian Code	revision version of basic Roman law divided into 4 parts( code, digest, institutes, novellas.	34
4801008956	Justinian I	West Roman emperor capture land but empire fell after his death.	35
4801008957	Mark Antony	Octavia's husband who was going to attack Augustus to gain power in Rome but was killed by Augustus army.	36
4801008958	The Four Noble Truths	Talk about the sorrows. Birth is sorrow, age is sorrow, disease is sorrow and death is sorrow in order to reach enlightenment kill the desire by meditation.	37
4801008959	Abraham	Abraham traveled from Mesopotamia to Israel. Jerusalem the land that God promised to Abraham descendent.	38
4801008960	Augustine	Bishop in hippo of North Africa declare that his message is spiritual rather than political.	39
4801008961	Charlemagne	Pepin's son and emperor of the Rome, spread Christian education and artwork.	40
4801008962	Clovis	Chief of the Merovingian frank that converted to christaninty.	41
4801008963	Constanine	Stop the exile of Christianity and tell his mom Helen to spread Christianity. Accepted Christianity in Rome and made it legal in Rome . Built churches.	42
4801008964	Octavian/Augustus Caesar	Introduced time of peace and unity for the empire (pax Romania)	43
4801008966	Oligarch	A small group of people having control of the government	44
4801008967	Paterfamilias	The head of the family or household in Roman law always a male and the only members to have full legal rights, had absolute power over his family which extended to life and death.	45
4801008968	Patrician	Born to a family with long standing residence and prominence in Rome, a patricians was an aristocrats. About 7 to 10 percent of Rome's population were patricians	46
4801008969	Pax Romana	Rome's population were patricians The Roman peace that is the state of comparative concord prevailing within the boundaries of the Roman empires from the region of Augustus to that of Marcus Aurelius enforced by Roman political and military control.	47
4801008970	Plebeian	A citizen of Ancient Rome who was not a member of the privileged partisans class. Lower social class.	48
4801008971	Twelve Tablets	the earliest code of Roman civil, criminal, and religious law, promulgated in 451-450 BC.	49
4801008973	Senate	Roman senate legislative and consultative body of the government. They made laws and give advices. Elected a variety of magistrative to carry on the administration of the republic.	50
4801008974	Tribune	In Ancient Rome, a plebeian officer elected by the plebeians and charged to protect their lives and properities with a right of veto against legislation proposals of the senate.	51
4801008975	Triumvirate	Literally, an association of three strong men. An unofficial coalitation of Julius Caesar, Pompey and Crassus formed in 60 BCE. After Caesar's murder in 44BCE a triumvirate including his heir Octavian, mark Antony and Marcus Lepidus was appointed to maintain public order.	52
4801008976	Virgil	Aeneid epic poem written by Virgil during Augustus time. Virgil believes in duty of the superior to help the inferior.	53
4801008977	Diocletian	Emperor of Rome (284-305), Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus, who divided the empire into east and west (286) in an attempt to rule the territory more effectively. His desire to revive the old religion of Rome led to the last major persecution of the Christians (303).	54
4801008978	Confucius	A philosopher and political advisor. Begin his career as a teacher. Believe that good leader will take in good government system.	55
4801008979	Confucianism	the teachings of Confucius emphasizing love for humanity; high value given to learning and to devotion to family (including ancestors); peace; justice; influenced the traditional culture of China in 5th century. A system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius and developed by Mencius.	56
4801008980	Daoism or Taoism	achieve harmony with nature, concentrate on self values. Mostly inspiration to artist.	57
4801008981	Grand Canal	Sui dynasty finished the grand canal from Handzhou in the south to Luoyang in the center. The canal link the Yangzhou and yellow river system.	58
4801008982	Han Dynasty	Ruled from cang'an from the busy market and park. Centralize government power and expand China ( golden age ) silk production and increase in economic wealth.	59
4801609862	Olmecs	Built raised platforms, settlements and shrines, art work of animals and mythological creatures in sculptures, hieroglyphics, master in giant stone heads and jade animals.	60
4801609863	Oracle Bone	Bones of birds, and animals and especially shells of turtles were inscribed by making in order to predict future. These bones were placed in fire and tapped with rod until they begin to crack. These cracks were read by specialists in order to predict future.	61
4801609864	Shang Dynasty (shahng)	Second Chinese Dynasty which rose to power with bronze metallurgy.	62
4801609865	Agora	A central feature of Ancient Greek town planning. It's chief function was a town market, but it also became the main social and political and trade in goods meeting place. Athenians greatly valued these places.	63
4801609866	Akhenaten (Amenhotep IV)	Believed in the sun As a god and brought a change in polytheistic religion to monotheistic religion in Egypt.	64
4801609867	Amorites	Invaded and conquered Sumer from their own dynasty slightly north of Babylon.	65
4801609868	Assyrians	Assyrians descendants of the Akkadians, established their own independent state in Mesopotamia.	66
4801609869	Babylonians	Hammurabi created the babylonian empire, trade network till Persian gulf to Syria, babylonians conquered by Hittites.	67
4801609870	Battle of Qadesh	Between Egyptian empire and Hittite empire, no one wins, but became Allie by Royal marriages.	68
4801609871	Cleisthenes	A Nobal Athenian family Alcmaeonld, a ruler came to power as a tyrant and dramatically reorganize city and surrounding, registering each Athenians as citizens. District in 10 electoral units.	69
4801609872	Dominance	The imposition of allen government through force, as opposed to hegemony.	70
4801609873	Ecumene	A Greek word referring to the inhabited world and designated a distinct cultural historical community.	71
4801609874	Hammurabi	Known for his law codes, famous military leader defeated Sumerians city-states.	72
4801609875	Hatshepsut	Queen of Egypt (1502-1482) who on the death of her husband, Thutmose II (c. 1504), became regent for her stepson Thutmose III. She bestowed the title of pharaoh on herself and adopted all the pharaonic customs, including the wearing of a false beard. She was the queen during the l8th dynasty (?1512-1482 bc). She built a great mortuary temple at Deir el Bahri near Thebes.	73
4801609876	Hegemony	The predominance of one unit over the other group.	74
4801609877	Hittites	Hittites fought with wheeled chariots, the ruler of Hittites Empire.	75
4801609878	Hyksos	I migrated Semitic group ruled lower Egypt, introduced the bronze making technology and horses and chariots to Egypt.	76
4801609879	Indo-European	Anyone who speaks the Indo-European language.	77
4801649807	Knossos	Linear B script became language of Crete, palace in Knossos was destroyed, Crete me under the rule of Mycenae.	78
4801649808	Liu Bang	Founder of the Han dynasty.	79
4801649809	Qin Dynasty (chin)	Gave peasant land right to farm remote territories, centsilized bureaucury ruled under state standardize weight measures and scripting writing.	80
4801649810	Qin Shi Huangdi	First emperor of China, centralize rule, central bureaucracy, capital xianyang, built wall of china, force labor work.	81
4801649811	Xiongnu	An ancient nomadic-based people that formed a state or confederation north of the agriculture-based empire of the Han Dynasty.	82
4801649812	Shinto	Religious based on ritual practices in Japan.	83
4801649813	Dead Sea Scrolls	Torah dated only to the ninth the eleventh century CE but fragment dating to early as the second century have been discovered stored in caves near the Dead Sea in Israel these dead seas scroll have been discovered only since 1947.	84
4801649814	Diaspora	A dispersion of people. Most commonly used to refer to the dispersion of Jews among their Gentiles which began the Babylonians captivity.	85
4801649815	Eucharist	The central sacrament and act of worship of the christain church, culminating in holy communion from Greek.	86
4801649816	Gnostic Gospels	Author are Mathew, mark, Luke, John are biased and have different believes about Jesus life.	87
4801649817	Monasticism	Believing that there is only one God religions like Judaism, Christianity, Islam.	88
4801649818	Moses	Moses, mosaic in San vitale Ravenna, Italy six century CE. After he had led the Israelite slaves out of Egypt by the miracle of parting the Red Sea Moses ascended mount Sinai. There he received from God the Torah, or scared teachings, beginning with the two tablets of the Ten Commandments he led his quarrelsome people across Sinai dessert but died at the border of the promised land	89
4801649819	Warring States Period	During Zhou dynasty each province was in running for power but United by Emperor Qin.	90
4801649820	Wudi	Taxes on agriculture. Silk Road. Public education civil service exam, favor confucunism, conquer everyone they challenged.	91
4801649821	Asoka	The third ruler of the Mauryan Empire in India. He converted to Buddhism and broadcast his precepts on inscribed stones and pillars, the earliest surviving Indian writing.	92
4801649822	Chandra Gupta I	Ruled directly, family hierarchy, enforced caste system, local administration and district rule.	93
4801649823	Chandragupta Maurya	Family killed each other in order to gain power, built roads and military, expand land.	94
4801649824	Guilds	A sworn association of people who gather for some common purpose, usually economic. Guilds of craftmens or merchants were formed in order to protect and further the member professional interest and for mutual aid.	95
4801649825	Gupta Empire	Gupta Empire Ruled North and Central India, but NOT the South. Considered the Golden Age of India. A "theatre state". Hinduism dominated, and the collapse was due to the huns.	96
4801649826	Krishna	The God in the Indian mythical stories, help people who do their duties.	97
4801649827	Mauryan Empire	The first centralized empire in India. Collected 25% agricultural taxes. Had a very large army, and also had coinage. Had Hindu rulers, one by the name of Ashoka. After this empire collapses, there was no central government in India for 500 years.	98
4801649828	Monsoon	The season of rain in India.	99
4801649829	Vedas	Early Indian sacred knowlege long preserved and communicated orally by Brahmin priest and eventually written down. Religious text that includes the thousnds poetic hymns to various gods.	100
4801649830	Karma	Activities of people and its effect on soul, good karma will reach your soul to Brahmins.	101
4801649831	Mahayana	Mahayana Buddhism One of the two branches of Buddhism. The focus is on the reverence of buddha. Enlightened persons who have postponed nirvana to help others attain enlightenment.	102
4801649832	Theravada	Theravada Buddhism One of two branches of Buddhism. Downplays the importance of gods and emphasizes austerity and the individuals search for enlightenment.	103
4801649833	Nirvana	Soul which had lived properly enter death, no further birth.	104
4801868320	Rigveda	Explained the creation of the world and the significance of life, mythical origin and rationale of the caste system.	105
4801868321	Siddhartha Gautama	Was apron e who wonder in the land in order to find the answer to the pain in life, meditate under the tree after 49 days he reached enlightenment.	106
4801868322	Stupa	The mind like structure, remains of Buddhists monks or nuns used as a place of meditation.	107
4801868323	Buddha	Who taught that the cause of suffering in life was because oh human desire, valued the meditation.	108
4801868324	Buddhism	A religion, originated in India by Buddha (Gautama) and later spreading to China, Burma, Japan, Tibet, and parts of southeast Asia, holding that life is full of suffering caused by desire and that the way to end this suffering is through enlightenment that enables one to halt the endless sequence of births and deaths to which one is otherwise subject.	109
4801868325	Judaism	the monotheistic religion of the Jews, based on the precepts of the Old Testament and the teachings and commentaries of the rabbis as found chiefly in the Talmud. They belief in and conformity to this religion, its practices, and ceremonies. This religion considered as forming the basis of the cultural and social identity of the Jews.	110
4801868326	Orthodoxy	Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism shared the same fundamental faith and scripture and they maintain official communication with each other but they had different church organization, authority and language.	111
4801868327	Paul of Tarsus	Spread the words of Christianity and believe that Jesus is the divine son of the God.	112
4801868328	Torah	First five book of the bible attributed to Moses.	113
4801868329	Delian League	an alliance of ancient Greek states formed in 478-77 bc to fight Persia.	114
4805969121	Minoans	Immigrants settle on Crete called Minoans after their king Minos. Built 4 largest palaces. Royal residence, center of religion and rituals, headquarters for administrating the Cretan economy. Produce bronze tool, gems, pottery, eggshell thin vessels. Located at a trade cross roads , excellent in commerce, pictographic writing, city destroyed by natural disaster.	115
4805969122	Mycenaeans	Brave and heroic, carried extensive trade, surrounded by colossal wall, rich in weapons, armor, painting of warriors, ships of war. Greek author homer portray Mycenaeans as great warrior.	116
4805969123	Neo-Assyrian Empire	Began a serious of conquest power to Mediterranean coast infantry provide main force, fight on chariots with archers.	117
4805969124	New Kingdom	Conquering Syria, Palestine, Nubia, new construction in Egypt.	118
4805969125	Nubia	Egyptians conquered Nubia however later Nubians pushed the Egyptians conquerors and weakened the Egyptians power and put the Middle Kingdom to the end.	119
4810765443	Sargon of Akkad	Sargon victory over the Sumerians created world first empire which controlled the Persian Gulf to Mediterranean Sea. Akkadian Dynasty.	120
4810765444	Satrapy	A province govern by go vernier in the Persian empire Darius l completed the division of the empire into provinces and established 20 satrapies with their annual tributes. It can also refer to a period of rule of Satrap.	121
4810765445	Thutmosis	Extended Egypt's control further into Nubia but also north east as far as Euphrates river, created the greatest historical empire.	122
4810765446	Zarathustra	Darius believed in Zarathustra. A religion based on teaching of Zarathustra, who left his family at the age of 20 in search of wisdom, after ten years he proclaimed that visions revealed to him the supreme God, whom he called Ahura Mazda this supreme being chosen had chosen him to be prophet and spread his message.	123
4810765447	Century	The smallest units of the Roman army, each composed of some 100 foot soliders and commanded by a centurion. A legion was made up of 60 centuries. Centuries also formed political divisions of Roman citizens.	124
4810765448	G. Marius	Elected council 6 times. Reconstruct army to increase their efficiency.	125
4810765449	Iconoclasm	Rejecting and attacking a belief system.	126
4810765450	Isis	Islamic state of Iraq and Syria.	127
4843361754	Mithraism	A religion that worshipped Persian sun god Mithra.	128
4843361755	Republic	A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them. A state that is not ruled by a hereditary leaders but by a person or people appointed under the construction.	129
4843361756	Stoicism	Greek philosophy founded by Greek Zeno in Athens,. Believes humans should enjoy and accept everything in the world.	130
4844806870	Annam	Year or annually.	131
4844806871	Legalism	A school of Chinese philosophy that came into prominence during the period of the warring states and had great influence on the policies of the Qin dynasty. Legalist took a peeimistic view of human nature and believed that social harmony could be attained only through strong government control and the imposition of strict laws, enforced absolutely.	132
4844806872	Sui Dynasty	Believed in Confucian, doaist and Buddhism symbolism and practice to win popular loyalty.	133
4844806873	Tang Dynasty	Expand China	134
4844806874	Yellow Turbans	Zhang Jue lead a rebellious group called yellow turbans demanding of the fall of Han dynasty.	135
4844806875	Artha-sastra	The Indian treaty on statecraft, economic policy and military strenght written in Sanskrit.	136
4844935753	Hunas	Huns invader who gained and came to power in India.	137
4844935754	Indo-Aryan	A sub group of the info Iranian branch of the info European group of languages also called Indic and spoken in India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh, and Pakistan. Language came from Sanskrit.	138
4844935755	Janapadas	A large military district in India.	139
4844935756	Kautilya	Authored the ancient Indian political treaty the Arthashastra.	140
4844935757	Magadha	Imperial power. Chandragupta marched his empire to the India and started Mauryan Empire.	141
4844935758	Mahabharata	Longest single poem on great civil war fought between two branches of the family, center on life, death, family, warfare-duty and power.	142
4844935759	Rama	A king god in the mythic all stories of Hindus.	143
4844935760	Ramayana	Tell the story of Rama victory over Ravenna. Battle of south and north and his wife Sita from Raven.	144
4844935761	Atman	A person soul.	145
4844935762	Bodhisattva	Minor Buddhas.	146
4844935763	Brahmanas	The highest class in Hindu society.	147
4844935764	Brahmin	Priest of the nomadic Aryan and enter India and became the priest of Hinduism. Vegetarians.	148
4844935765	Castes	Placement of people based on their occupation.	149
4844935766	Dharma	A religion and ethical duties in which each living creature in the universe in subject.	150
4844935767	Hinduism	The oldest religion in India based on polytheistic. Believes in many gods. Religious tolerance.	151
4844935768	Jainism	No god, human needs to have good soul, no violence, mostly business man, relied on Hindu priest for events, rejects caste system.	152
4844935769	Kami	The power and spirits inherent in nature, shrine were built for Kami in Japan throughout the land.	153
4844935770	Kshatriya	The warriors and the second level of caste system.	154
4844935771	Mahavira	A Jain religious leader believe there is no God but human have a soul which they can purify by dy careful attention to their actions and by practicing non violence. Believe that will reach nirvana if they don't harm anything.	155
4844957263	Paganism	the state of being pagan, a religion that has many gods or goddesses, considers the earth holy, and does not have a central authority as the Ancient Greece.	156
4846563834	Sangha	Order of monks opened to all cast who practiced and taught the practice of Buddhism.	157
4846563835	Shotoku Taishi	Prince in Japan who built many Temples who was a Buddhist.	158
4846563836	Shudra	Lower working class.	159
4846563837	Upanishads	Philosophical treaties center on the doctrine of brahma in Hinduism.	160
4846563838	Vaishya	Business people, farmers and landlords third group	161
4846563839	10 lost tribes of Israel	Ten tribes of Israel were exiled from their land Lost their land. They totally take in their new surrounding lost their Jewish identity.	162
4846563840	Arianism	Arians missionaries converted many gothic tribes to their own beliefs. Wars berween new Arians and Roman church and finall Arianism was defeated in the battle.	163
4846563841	Benedict of Nursia	Famous nomadic at mount cossivo.	164
4846563842	Carolingian renaissance	Charlemagne was not literate, establish the center of learning that attracted Church scholars from throughout the Roman Empire.	165
4846563843	Carolingians	Concentrated on military expansions. He conquered Spain from their Ruler. Spread Christianity and kept expanding	166
4846563844	Charlemagne	Pepin's son and emperor of the Rome, spread Christian education and art work.	167
4846563845	Gregory I	Usefulness of monasteries and monks in converting and diciplining the barbarians. He encourage monastic movement.	168
4846563846	TaNaKh	A Hebrew term for the books of the bible that are written in Hebrew.	169
4846563847	Theodosius	Emperor declared Christianity to be the official religion of the Roman Empire. He outlawed the worshipped of the traditional Roman gods and exile and restrict Jews.	170
4846563848	YHVH	The God of the Jews and an eclectic mixture of beliefs called Gnosticism	171