Ap Human Geography Language Vocab Flashcards
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| 6618366181 | Backward reconstruction | the tracking of sound shifts and hardening of consonants backward toward the original language | 0 | |
| 6618370592 | Cognate | a word that has the same linguistic derivation as another word | 1 | |
| 6618374888 | Conquest theory | one major theory of how Proto-Indo-European diffused into Europe. Early speakers spread westward on horseback | 2 | |
| 6618388430 | Creole language | a language that began as a pidgin but was later adopted as the mother tongue | 3 | |
| 6618412098 | dialect chains | a set of contiguous dialects in which the dialects nearest to each other are most closely related | 4 | |
| 6618420494 | Global language | the language use most commonly around the world | 5 | |
| 6618423335 | isogloss | a geographic boundary within which a particular linguistic feature occurs | 6 | |
| 6618428607 | language | a set of sounds, combination of sounds, and symbols that are used for communication | 7 | |
| 6618437855 | language convergence | the collapsing of two languages into one resulting from the consistent spatial interactions of peoples with different languages | 8 | |
| 6618444238 | language family | group of languages with a shared but fairly distant origin | 9 | |
| 6618449455 | lingua franca | a language used among speakers of different languages for the purposes of trade and commerce | 10 | |
| 6618454490 | monolingual states | countries in which only one language is spoken | 11 | |
| 6618460203 | multilingual states | countries in which more than one language is spoken | 12 | |
| 6618463615 | mutual intelligilbility | the ability of two people to understand each other when speaking | 13 | |
| 6618466177 | official language | in multilingual countries the language selected to promote internal cohesion and of the government | 14 | |
| 6618473455 | pidgin language | when parts of two or more languages are combined in a simplified structure and vocabulary | 15 | |
| 6618479861 | Standard language | the variant of a language that is published widely distributed and purposely taught | 16 | |
| 6618489109 | subfamilies | divisions within a language family where the commonalities are more definite and the origin is more recent | 17 | |
| 6618495441 | toponym | place name | 18 | |
| 6618499592 | dialects | variants of a standard language along regional or ethnic lines | 19 | |
| 6618513519 | Proto-Indo-European | ancestral Indo-European language that gave rise to modern languages | 20 | |
| 6618516041 | Proto-Eurasiatic | earlier than Proto-Indo-European, speakers spread out and lost contact 15,000 years ago and variants emerged | 21 | |
| 6618516042 | Language divergence | when spatial interaction among speakers of a language breaks down and the fragments turn into dialects and then discrete tongues | 22 | |
| 6618519898 | extinct languages | languages that end when descendants perish or abandon the language | 23 | |
| 6618519899 | romance languages | in areas of Europe that were controlled by the Roman Empire, local languages mixed with Latin, French, Spanish, Italian, Romanian and Portuguese | 24 | |
| 6618521803 | Germanic languages | expansion of peoples out of northern Europe to the west and south, English, German, Norwegian and Swedish | 25 | |
| 6618521804 | Slavic Languages | Slavic people migrated from modern Ukraine to eastern Europe, Russian, Polish,Czech, Slovak, Ukrainian, Slovenian, Serbo-Croatian, and Bulgarian | 26 | |
| 6618523921 | place | an area with a unique location and constitutes a reflection of human activities, ideas and creations | 27 | |
| 6639476946 | Renfrew Model | All major language families started at fertile crescent, Asia went east, Arabic south and European North | 28 | |
| 6639488022 | dispersal hypothesis | spread of language moved east first towards Iran and looped back to europe | 29 | |
| 6639498143 | agriculture theory | spread was related to food and shows diffusion the same time as farming diffused | 30 |