AP World History Strayer Chapter 3 Vocabulary Flashcards

7173598289	Ahura Mazda	In Zoroastrianism, the good god who rules the world.	0
7173598290	Alexander the Great	Alexander III of Macedon, conqueror of the Persian Empire and part of northwestern India.	1
7173598291	Aryans	Indo-European pastoralists who moved into India about the time of the collapse of the Indus Valley civilization	2
7173598292	Ashoka	The most famous ruler of the Mauryan empire; he converted to Buddhism and tried to rule peacefully and with tolerance.	3
7173598293	Athenian Democracy	A radical form of direct democracy in which much of the free male population of Athens had the franchise and officeholders were chosen by lot.	4
7173598294	Caesar Augustus	The great-nephew and adopted son of Julius Caesar who emerged as sole ruler of the Roman state at the end of an extended period of civil war.	5
7173598295	Cyrus (the Great)	Founder of the Persian Empire; a ruler noted for his conquests, religious tolerance, and political moderation.	6
7173598296	Darius I	Great king of Persia; following the upheavals after Cyrus's death; completed the establishment of the Persian Empire.	7
7173598297	Greco Persian War	Two major Persian invasions of Greece, in which the Persians were defeated on both land and sea each time.	8
7173598298	Gupta Empire	An empire of India (320-550 C.E).	9
7173598299	Han Dynasty	Dynasty that ruled China, creating a durable state based on Shihuangdi's state-building acheivement.	10
7173598300	Hellenistic Era	The period in which Greek culture spread widely into Eurasia in the kingdoms ruled by Alexander's political successors.	11
7173598301	Herodotus	Greek historian known as the "father of history". His histories enunciated the Greek view of a fundamental divide between East and West.	12
7173598302	Hoplite	A heavily armed Greek infantryman. Over time, the ability to afford a hoplite panoply and to fight for the city came to define Greek citizenship.	13
7173598303	Ionia	The territory of Greek settlements on coast of Anatolia; the main bone of contention between the Greeks and the Persian Empire.	14
7173598304	Mandate of Heaven	The ideological underpinning of Chineese emperors, this was the belief that a ruler held authority by command of a divine force as long as he ruled benevolently and morally.	15
7173598305	Battle of Marathon	Athenian victory over a Persian invasion in 490 B.C.E.	16
7173598306	Mauryan Empire	A major empire that encompassed most of India.	17
7173598307	Olympic Games	Greek religious festival and athletic competition in honor of Zeus; celebrated every four years.	18
7173598308	Patricians	Wealthy, privileged Romans who dominated early Roman Society.	19
7173598309	Pax romana	The "Roman Peace," a term typically used to denote the stability and prosperity of the early Roman Empire.	20
7173598310	Peloponnesian War	Great war between Athens and Sparta. The conflict resulted in the defeat of Athens and the closing of Athens's golden age.	21
7173598311	Persepolis	The capital and greatest palace-city of the Persian Empire, destroyed by Alexander the Great.	22
7173598312	Persian Empire	A major empire that expanded from the Iranian plateau to incorporate the Middle East from Egypt to India.	23
7173598313	Plebians	Poorer, less privileged Romans who gradually won a role in Roman politics.	24
7173598314	Punic Wars	Three major wars between Rome and Carthage in North Africa, culminated in Roman victory and control of the western Mediterranean	25
7173598315	Qin Dynasty	A short-lived but highly influential Chinese dynasty that succeeded in reuniting China at the end of the Warring States period.	26
7173598316	Qin Shihuangdi	First emperor from the Qin that forcibly reunited China and established a strong and repressive state.	27
7173598317	Solon	Athenian statesman and lawmaker whose reforms led the Athenians towards democracy.	28
7173598318	Wudi	Han emperor that began the Chinese civil service system by establishing an academy to train imperial bureaucrats.	29
7173598319	Xiongnu	Nomadic peoples to the north of the Great Wall of China who were a frequent threat to the stability of the Chinese state.	30
7173598320	Yellow Turban Rebellion	A major Chinese peasant revolt that helped cause the fall of the Han dynasty.	31