AP World History 1450- 1750 Flashcards

5578878976	Politique	Rulers who put political necessities above personal beliefs	0
5578902191	Spanish Amarada	¨ïnvincible¨ group of ships sent by King Phillip II to invade England	1
5578918047	Edict of nantes	A document that gave religious freedoms to the Huguenots	2
5578950376	Thirty Years war	international war between protestants and Catholics that ended religious conflicts in Europe	3
5578962745	Peace of Augsburg	stated that rulers decide the religion of the state	4
5578969657	Peace of Westphalia	ended the 30 years war; introduced new method of peace negotiation	5
5578987711	English Civil War	Charles vs. Parliament (series of conflicts)	6
5578991350	Petition of Right	Prohibited the King from raising taxes without the consent of parliament	7
5578996521	Glorious Revolution	King James II no longer in power, when the crown offered to William and mary they agreed to a bill of rights that limited their power	8
5579040895	English Bill of Rights	series of acts passed be the English parliament that limited the rights of the monarchy	9
5579045614	Divine Right	the idea that God created monarchy and that monarch acted as Gods representative on earth	10
5579048226	Versaillies	palace in france	11
5579050621	Huguenots	French protestants that followed teachings of John Calvin	12
5579053497	Reformation	A reform movement against the roman catholic church; resulted in creation of protestant churches.	13
5579059244	Martin Luther	16th century German religious leader; founder of protestantism	14
5579065614	95 theses	Prepositions for debate concerned with the question of indulgences	15
5579071145	indulgences	selling of forgiveness by catholic church practice when church needed money	16
5579077288	John Calvin	believed in importance of living a good life and obeying Gods laws, leader in protestant movement	17
5579081217	Jesuit	member of society of Jesus, a religious order that undertook missionary activity in europe	18
5579085449	council of trent	group of catholic leaders to respond to protestant challenges and direct future of catholic church	19
5579089184	inquisition	punish nonbelievers	20
5579098121	Leonardo Da vinci	Italian painter famous for the Mona Lisa	21
5579099463	Michelangelo	Sculptor, led way for renaissance masters form his david sculture	22
5579105693	Thomas Hobbes	Wrote leviathan, his theory that all humans are self-driven and that the best government was a monarch that had all power	23
5579111161	John Locke	thought mankind were good and all men were equal, and had right to life	24
5579115824	Social Contract	where people sell some of their rights in order to be protected by the government	25
5579135152	Empiricism	Theory that all knowledge is stimulated by rise of experimental science	26
5579138478	Johannes Kepier	mathmatician, in scientific revolution	27
5579145155	ISaac newton	in scientific revolution,	28
5579146978	Gelileo Gelotei	italian polymath in scientific revolution	29
5579151297	Joint- stock companies	companies whos goods are shared by the shareholders	30
5579154346	mercantilism	theory that trade generates wealth and stimulated by profitable balances	31
5579157761	Cottage industry	buisness carried on in a persons home	32
5579160355	Adam smith	worlds most famous economicist, wealth of nations	33
5579162239	Physiocrats	member in group of french enconomicists who believed agriculture the source of all wealth	34
5579166165	Capitalism	economic and political system, which country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.	35
5579181007	East india Company	English and later British stock company, which formed to pursue trade with the east indies	36
5579186767	third estate	every french citizen who did not possess a noble title not appointed by the church	37
5579189769	primogeniture	the first born child, especially the rule that the real estate past to eldest son	38
5579193930	bartholomew diaz	noblemen of Portuguese royal household, Portuguese explorer	39
5579199480	Vasco de gama	portuguese explorer and first european to reach india by sea	40
5579202366	Ferdinand magellan	portuguese explorer who organised the castilllian expedition to east indies	41
5579207502	conquistadors	spanish conqueror of mexico and peru	42
5579209540	herman cortes	spanish conquistadors who led an expedition that caused the fall of the aztec empire	43
5579217801	Treaty of tordesillas	divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between portugal and the crown of castile	44
5579225185	viceroys	a ruler excising authority in a colony on behalf of a sovereign	45
5579232854	Audiences		46
5579233942	Potosi	a city in Bolivia: formally a rich silver mining center	47
5579236152	columbian exchange	period of cultural and biological ecxhange between the old and new world	48
5579240850	Economienda	grant by the spanish crwon to a colonist in america conferring the right to demand tribute and forced labor from indian inhabitants of an area	49
5579245146	mita		50
5579245147	engennos	sugar cane mil and associated facilties	51
5579247347	indentured servitude	someone who works for another for a certain amount of time who then pays for their freedom	52
5579250656	creoles	someone who has European and African descent	53
5579256659	mestizos	a man of mixed race, especially the offspring of a Spaniard and an American Indian.	54
5579260527	peninsulares	a Spanish-born Spaniard inhabiting in the New World or the Spanish East Indies.	55
5579264891	mulattoes	a person of mixed white and black ancestry, especially a person with one white and one black parent.	56
5579269206	castas	a hierarchical system of race classification created by Spanish elites	57
5579269207	triangle trade	shipping goods from Britain to West Africa to be exchanged for slaves, these slaves being shipped to the West Indies and exchanged for sugar, rum, and other commodities	58
5579277105	atlantic trading system	Millions of Africans were torn from their homes, deported to the American continent and sold as slaves	59
5579280820	middle passage	the sea journey undertaken by slave ships from West Africa to the West Indies.	60
5579288778	African Diaspora	the mass dispersion of peoples from Africa during the Transatlantic Slave Trades	61