AP World History Chapter 4 Flashcards

8798441108	Legalism	a Chinese philosophy that was devoted to strengthen and expand the state through increased agricultural work and military service.	0
8798441109	Confucianism	chinese philosophy, all-encompassing way of thinking and living that entails ancestor reverence and a profound human-centred religiousness	1
8798441110	Ban Zhao	a Chinese woman writer and court official whose work provides valuable insight on the position of women in classical China.	2
8798441111	Daoism	chinese School of Thought: Daoists believe that the world is always changing and is devoid of absolute morality or meaning. They accept the world as they find it, avoid futile struggles, and deviate as little as possible from the Dao, or 'path' of nature.	3
8798441112	Vedas	ancient Sanskrit writings that are the earliest sacred texts of Hinduism.	4
8798443577	Upanishads	a group of writings sacred in Hinduism concerning the relations of humans, God, and the universe.	5
8798443578	Siddhartha Gautama	founder of Buddism; born a prince; left his father's wealth to find the cause of human suffering; also know as Buddha	6
8798447183	Theravada	(Hinayana), the "lesser vehicle". Earlier, stricter form of Buddhism.	7
8798447184	Mahayana	the "greater vehicle," a more metaphysical and more popular northern branch of Buddhism.	8
8798447185	Nalanda	an acclaimed Mahavihara, a large Buddhist monastery in the ancient kingdom of Magadha (modern-day Bihar) in India.	9
8798449171	Bhagavad Gita	a Hindu holy book where the god Krishna teaches the importance of selflessness, performing religious duties, and of devotion to God. "Song of God"	10
8798449172	Zoroastrianism	Persian religion founded by Zoroaster; taught that humans had the freedom to choose between right and wrong, and that goodness would triumph in the end.	11
8798449173	Judaism	a religion with a belief in one god. It originated with Abraham and the Hebrew people. Yahweh was responsible for the world and everything within it. They preserved their early history in the Old Testament.	12
8798452122	Greek rationalism	the thinking and questioning of established ideas that relied not on the gods for reference, claiming that human reason was adequate enough to come up with a rational answer.	13
8798452123	Socrates	An Athenian philosopher who thought that human beings could lead honest lives and that honor was far more important than wealth, fame, or other superficial attributes. Is the father of Western thinking.	14
8798452124	Plato	Socrates' most famous student; described the ideal form of government in his famous book, The Republic.	15
8798454613	Aristotle	Greek philosopher and scientist. A student of Plato and tutor to Alexander the Great, he founded a school. His surviving works cover a vast range of subjects, including logic, ethics, metaphysics, politics, natural science, and physics.	16
8798454614	Jesus of Nazareth	First-century Jewish teacher and prophet; he founded Christianity and taught about kindness and love of God. His teachings spread through the Roman Empire and, eventually, the rest of the world.	17
8798456335	Church of the East	branch of the church concentrated in Persia and active in missions to China rejected the Chalcedonian Creed on the grounds that it did not accurately affirm the human nature of Jesus.	18
8798456336	Perpetua	to cause to continue indefinitely.	19