AP Literature: Poetry Terms Flashcards

6074736433	Doggerel	a term used for lines whose subject matter is trite and whose rhythm and sounds are monotonously heavy-handed	0
6074736434	Paraphrase	a prose restatement of the central ideas of a poem in your own language	1
6074736435	Speaker	the voice used by the author in the poem-often created by the author's actual self	2
6074736436	Verse	a term used for lines composed in a measured rhythmical pattern	3
6074736437	Anagrams	words made from the letters of other words, such as read and dare	4
6074736438	Theme	a central idea or meaning	5
6074736439	Lyric	a brief poem that expresses the personal emotions and thoughts of a single speaker	6
6074736440	Narrative Poem	a poem that tells a story	7
6074736441	Diction	choice of words	8
6074736442	Poetic Diction	the use of elevated language rather than ordinary language	9
6074736443	Formal Diction	consists of a dignified, impersonal, and elevated use of language	10
6074736444	Middle Diction	less formal level of diction	11
6074736445	Informal Diction	colloquial, conversational manner	12
6074736446	Dialect	form of informal diction	13
6074736447	Jargon	a category of language defined by a trade or profession	14
6074736448	Denotation	the literal, dictionary meaning of a word	15
6074736449	Connotation	associations and implications that go beyond a word's literal meanings	16
6074736450	Persona	a speaker created by the poet	17
6074736451	Ambiguity	allows for two or more simultaneous interpretations of a word, phrase, action, or situation	18
6074736452	Syntax	the ordering of words into meaningful verbal patterns	19
6074736453	Tone	the writer's attitude toward the subject, the mood created by all of the elements in the poem	20
6074736454	Dramatic Monologue	a type of poem in which a character -the speaker- addresses a silent audience in such a way as to reveal unintentional some aspect of his or her temperament or personality	21
6074736455	Image	language that addresses the senses	22
6074736456	Figures of Speech	broadly defined as a way of saying one thing in terms of something else	23
6074736457	Simile	makes an explicit comparison between two things by using words such as like, as, than, appears, or seems	24
6074736458	Metaphor	makes a comparison between two unlike things (no like or as)	25
6074736459	Implied Metaphor	does not explicitly identify the comparison-hints at it	26
6074736460	Extended Metaphor	extended comparisons in which part or all of the poem consists of a series of related metaphors (controlling metaphors)	27
6074736461	Pun	a play on words that relies on a word having more than one meaning or sounding like another word	28
6074736462	Synecdoche	a figure of speech in which part of something is used to signify the whole	29
6074736463	Metonymy	something closely associated with a subject is substituted for it	30
6074736464	Personification	the attribution of human characteristics to nonhuman things	31
6074736465	Apostrophe	an address to someone who is absent and therefore cannot hear the speaker or to something nonhuman that cannot comprehend	32
6074736466	Hyperbole	an overstatement. adds emphasis without intending to be literally true	33
6074736467	Understatement	says less than is intended	34
6074736468	Paradox	a statement that initially appears to be self-contradictory, but that, on closer inspection, turns out to make sense	35
6074736469	Oxymoron	a condensed form of paradox in which two contradictory words are used together	36
6074736470	Symbol	something that represents something else	37
6074736471	Conventional Symbol	something that is recognized by many people to represent certain ideas	38
6074736472	Literary Symbol (Contextual)	something that goes beyond traditional, public meanings	39
6074736473	Allegory	a narration or description usually restricted to a single meaning because it's events, actions, characters, settings, and objects represent specific abstractions or ideas	40
6074736474	Didactic Poetry	designed to teach an ethical, moral, or religious lesson	41
6074736475	Situational Irony	what happens is entirely different from what is expected	42
6074736476	Verbal Irony	saying something different from what is meant	43
6074736477	Satire	an example of the literary art of ridiculing a folly or vice in an effort to expose or correct it	44
6074736478	Dramatic Irony	used when a writer allows a reader to know more about a situation than a character does	45
6074736479	Cosmic Irony	when a writer uses God, destiny, or fate to dash the hopes and expectations of a character or humankind in general	46
6074736480	Ballad	a form of poetry that alternates lines of four and three beats, often in quatrains, rhymed abab, and often telling a story	47
6074736481	Literary Ballad	a more complex and sophisticated 19th century reflection of the original ballad traditions that developed in the 15th century and earlier	48
6074736482	Onomatopoeia	the use of a word that resembles the sound it denotes	49
6074736483	Alliteration	the depiction of the same consonant sounds at the beginnings of nearby words ("luscious lemons")	50
6074736484	Assonance	the repetition of the same vowel sound in nearby words ("asleep under a tree")	51
6074736485	Euphony	lines that are musically pleasant to the ear and smooth	52
6074736486	Cacophony	lines that are discordant and difficult to pronounce ("never my numb plunker fumbles")	53
6074736487	Rhyme	consists of two or more words or phrases that repeat the same sounds	54
6074736488	Eye Rhyme	rhyme in which the spellings are similar, but the pronunciations are different (brow and blow)	55
6074736489	End Rhyme	rhyme that comes at the end of lines	56
6074736490	Internal Rhyme	places at least one of the rhymed words within the line ("dividing and gliding and sliding")	57
6074736491	Masculine Rhyme	the rhyming of single-syllable words	58
6074736492	Feminine Rhyme	consists of a rhymed stressed syllable followed by one or more rhymed unstressed syllables (butter, clutter; gratitude, attitude)	59
6074736493	Exact Rhymes	share the same stressed vowel sounds as well as any sounds that follow the vowel	60
6074736494	Slant Rhyme (Off Rhyme/Near Rhyme/Approximate Rhyme)	the sounds are almost but not exactly alike	61
6074736495	Consonance	an identical consonant sound preceded by a different vowel sound (home and same; worth and breath)	62
6074736496	Stress (accent)	places more emphasis on one syllable than on another	63
6074736497	Meter	the basic rhythmic structure of a verse or lines in verse	64
6074736498	Prosody	all the metrical elements in a poem	65
6074736499	Scansion	consists of measuring the stresses in a line to determine its metrical pattern	66
6074736500	Foot	the metrical unit by which a line of poetry is measured	67
6074736501	Rising Meters	move from unstressed to stressed sounds	68
6074736502	Falling Meters	move from stressed to unstressed sounds	69
6074736503	Line	measured by the number of feet it contains ("If she \| would write \| a note \| " contains 3 feet)	70
6074736504	Iambic Pentameter	contains five feet	71
6074736505	Blank Verse	unrhymed iambic pentameter	72
6074736506	spondee	a two-syllable foot in which both syllables are stressed	73
6074736507	Masculine Ending	a line that ends with a stressed syllable	74
6074736508	Feminine Ending	a line that ends with an extra unstressed syllable	75
6074736509	Caesura	a pause within a line (indicated with "\|\|")	76
6074736510	End-stopped Line	when a line has a pause at its end	77
6074736511	Run-on Line	a line that ends without a pause and continues into the next line for its meaning	78
6074736512	Enjambment	running over from one line to another	79
6074736513	Form	overall structure or shape of a poem	80
6074736514	Fixed Form	a poem that can be categorized by the patterns of its lines, meter, rhymes, and stanzas	81
6074736515	Free Verse (Open Form)	poems that do not conform to established patterns of meter, rhyme, and stanza	82
6074736516	Stanza	consists of grouping of lines, set off by a space, that usually has a set pattern of meter and rhyme	83
6074736517	Rhyme Scheme	the pattern of end rhymes	84
6074736518	Couplet	consists of two lines that usually rhyme and have the same meter	85
6074736519	Heroic Couplet	consists of rhymes in iambic pentameter	86
6074736520	Tercet	a three-line stanza	87
6074736521	Triplet	when all three lines in a tercet rhyme	88
6074736522	Terza Rima	consists of an interlocking three-line rhyme scheme: aba, bcb, cdc, ded, and so on	89
6074736523	Quatrain	a four-line stanza	90
6074736524	Ballad Stanza	consists of alternating eight- and six-syllable lines	91
6074736525	Sonnet	consists of 14 lines, usually written in iambic pentameter	92
6074736526	Italian Sonnet (Petrarchan Sonnet)	divides into two parts. The first 8 lines (octave) typically rhyme abbaabba. The final 6 (sestet) can rhyme cdecde, cdcdcd, and cdccdc (these are most common)	93
6074736527	English Sonnet (Shakespearean Sonnet)	organized into 3 quatrains and a couplet, and typically rhyme abab cdcd efef gg	94
6074736528	Villanelle	a fixed form consisting of 19 lines of any length divided into 6 stanzas: five tercets and a concluding quatrain	95
6074736529	Sestina	consists of 39 lines of any length divided into 6 six-line stanzas and a three-line concluding stanza called an envoy. usually does not rhyme	96
6074736530	Limerick	always light and numerous. consists of 5 predominantly anapestic lines rhyming aabba	97
6074736531	Envoy	three-line concluding stanza	98
6074736532	Haiku	usually described as consisting of 17 syllables organized into three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables	99
6074736533	Elegy	used to describe a lyric poem written to commemorate someone who is dead	100
6074736534	Ode	characterized by a serious topic and formal tone, but no prescribed formal pattern describes all odes	101
6074736535	Parody	a humorous imitation of another, usually serious, work	102
6074736536	Picture Poems	poems with lines arranged into particular shapes	103
6074736537	Epic Poem	a long, narrative poem that is usually about heroic deeds and events that are significant to the culture of the poet.	104
6074736538	Allusion	an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference.	105
6074736539	Controlling Metaphor	a symbolic story, where the whole poem may be a metaphor for something else; motif	106
6074736540	Irony	the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect.	107
6074736541	Rhythm	a literary device which demonstrates the long and short patterns through stressed and unstressed syllables particularly in verse form.	108
6074736542	Iamb	a metrical foot consisting of one short (or unstressed) syllable followed by one long (or stressed) syllable.	109
6074736543	Trochee	a foot consisting of one long or stressed syllable followed by one short or unstressed syllable.	110
6074736544	Sestet	a poem or stanza of six lines	111
6074736545	Octave	a poem or stanza of eight lines	112
6074736546	Epigram	a short poem, especially a satirical one, having a witty or ingenious ending.	113
6074736547	Free Verse	poetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter.	114