AP Flashcards

9763016516	central nervous system parts	Brain, Spinal Cord	0
9763016517	peripheral nervous system parts	Nerves, Cranial Nerves, Spinal Nerves	1
9763016518	sensory division	Picks up sensory information and delivers it to the CNS	2
9763016519	motor division	Carries information to muscles and glands	3
9763016520	Somatic	Carries Information to skeletal muscle	4
9763016521	Autonomic	Carries information to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands	5
9763161597	sensory function	Sensory receptors gather information, information is carried to the CNS	6
9763161598	Integrative Function	Sensory information used to create sensations, memory, thoughts, decisions	7
9763161599	Motor Function	Decisions are acted upon, impulses are carried to effectors	8
9763161600	Sensory Neurons	Afferent neurons carry information to the CNS	9
9763161601	Interneurons	link neurons, multipolar, in CNS	10
9763161602	Motor Neurons	Multipolar, carry impulses away from CNS, carry impulses to effectors	11
9763161603	White Matter	Contains myelinated axons	12
9763161604	gray matter	Unmyelinated structures, cell bodies, dendrites	13
9763240652	Schwann cells	produce myelin in PNS, speed Neurotransmission	14
9763240653	satellite cells	surround neuron cell bodies within ganglia, provide structure and nutrients	15
9763240654	Synapse	Nerve impulses pass from neuron to neuron	16
9763532725	absolute refractory period	Time when threshold stimulus does not start another action potential	17
9763532726	relative refractory period	time when stronger threshold stimulus can start another action potential	18
9763532727	EPSP (excitatory postsynaptic potential)	depolarizing graded potential in postsynaptic neuron in response to activation of excitatory synapse	19
9763532728	IPSPs (inhibitory postsynaptic potentials)	A grate hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic membrane	20
9763532729	Summation	EPSPs, IPSPs combine to form action potentials b/c they have individual small effects.	21
9763532730	Meninges	Membranes surrounding CNS, protect CNS, three layers	22
9763532731	Meninges layers	1. Dura mater 2. Arachnoid 3. Pia mater	23
9764327985	cerebrospinal fluid	Secreted by choroid plexus	24
9764327986	cerebrospinal fluid	the fluid in and around the brain and spinal cord	25
9764327987	General senses	Receptors that are widely distributed throughout the body Skin, various organs and joints	26
9764327988	special senses	specialized receptors confined to structures in the head Eyes and ears	27
9764327989	sensory receptors	Stimulate neurons to send impulses along sensory fibers to the brain	28
9764327990	Sensation	A feeling that occurs when brain becomes aware of sensory impulse	29
9764327991	Chemoreceptors	Respond to chemicals	30
9764327992	Pain receptors (nociceptors)	Respond to tissue damage	31
9764327993	Thermoreceptors	respond to changes in temperature	32
9764327994	Mechanoreceptors	respond to touch, pressure, vibration, stretch, and itch	33
9764327995	Photoreceptors	Respond to light	34
9764327996	exteroceptive senses	senses associated with body surface; touch, pressure, temperature, pain	35
9764327997	visceroceptive senses	senses associated with changes in viscera; blood pressure, ingesting a meal	36
9764327998	proprioceptive senses	senses associated with changes in muscles and tendons	37
9764327999	free nerve endings	simplest receptors, sense itching	38
9764328000	Meissner's Corpuscles	Abundant in hairless portions of skin; lips, detect fine touch	39
9764328001	Pacinian corpuscles	Common in deeper subcutaneous tissues, tendons, and ligaments. Detect heavy pressure and vibrations	40
9764328002	pain inhibiting substances	enkephalins, serotonin, endorphins	41
9764328003	Thalamus	Allows person to be aware of pain	42
9764328004	cerebral cortex	Judges intensity of pain, locates source of pain, produces emotional and motor responses to pain	43
9764328005	olfactory receptors	chemoreceptors in the upper nasal cavity that respons to odor chemicals	44
9764328006	Olfactory organs	Contain olfactory receptors and supporting epithelial cells	45
9764328007	Three sections of the ear	External, middle, inner	46
9764328008	Auricle	Collects sound waves	47
9764328009	external auditory meatus	ear canal, lined with ceruminous glands	48
9768441621	Three major vesicles	Forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain	49
9768441622	corpus callosum	connects the two hemispheres	50
9768441623	primary motor area	frontal lobe	51
9768441624	Broca's area	language area in the prefrontal cortex that helps to control speech production	52
9768441625	frontal eye field	controls voluntary eye movements	53
9768441626	Hypothalamus	Maintains homeostasis	54
9768441627	limbic system	neural system located below the cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions and drives	55
9768441628	brain stem parts	midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata	56
9768441629	cerebral peduncles	bundles of nerve fibers	57
9768441630	corpora quadrigemina	centers for visual and auditory reflexes	58
9768441631	vermis	connects the two hemispheres of the cerebellum	59
9768441632	arbor vitae	white matter of the cerebellum	60
9768441633	dentate nucleus	largest nucleus in cerebellum	61
9768441634	muscarinic	type of cholinergic receptor found in smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands; excitatory, slow	62
9768441635	Nicotinic	Referring to cholinergic receptors that respond to nicotine as well as to acetylcholine; excitatory, rapid	63
9768441636	cholinergic fibers	release acetylcholine	64
9768441637	adrenergic fibers	release norepinephrine	65
9768441638	sympathetic	fight or flight	66
9768441639	Parasympathetic	Rest and digest	67