AP world history Islam Flashcards

3144572306	what is a bedouin society?	people who live at the edge of a desert, they are nomadic and lived herding camels and goats	0
3144572307	why was there a state of constant warfare in Bedouin society?	because a member of a rival clan led his animals to a restricted well/pasture and the actions of a clan member usually called the clan into battle	1
3144572308	what is a religious significance of Mecca prior to Muhammad?	it was a mix between animism and polytheism	2
3144572309	why was Islam influenced by Judaism and Christianity?	region, common view of Abraham as prophet, monotheism, cultural ties in the region	3
3144572310	why did the leaders of Mecca fear Muhammad's teachings?	they saw Islam as a threat to Mecca's status as a pilgrimage, destination for those who came to worship the Myriad of Gods and spirits with the Ka'ba	4
3144572311	what is the significance of the Hijrah?	Muhammad and his new followers (muslims) made a journey and it marked peace and strength for Islam, and the founding date of the new religion	5
3144572312	what is the term for the Muslim community?	Umma	6
3144572313	how does the Qur'an shape the lives of Muslims?	it is their holy book and what they live by	7
3144572314	how does the Hadith shape the lives of Muslims?	collection of stories of Muhammad's sayings which helped give them a reference	8
3144572315	what is the Shar'ia Law?	a law system	9
3144572316	what are the 5 pillars of Islam?	faith, prayer, fasting, alms, hajj	10
3144572317	what is a caliph?	a political and religious successor to Muhammad	11
3144572318	what are some reasons for the rapid expansion and conquest by the Arab Muslims?	no political powers to stop them, weakness of empires, religious fervor	12
3144572319	what is the Sunni- Shi'ite split?	Shi'ite's believed calips had to be a member of Muhammad's family. Sunni believed any good muslim could rule	13
3144572320	what are some political and social changes of Islam under the Umayyad dynasty?	tried to heal split and it never worked, social inequality, Shi'ite's did not have right to rule, bureaucracy	14
3144572321	what was a key reason for the fall of the Umayyads?	exclusion of non-arab subjects	15
3144572322	why was Mecca an important city prior to Islam?	because it was a religious center, with shrines Ka'ba and it was also a market palce	16
3144572323	Islam eventually spread to which 3 countries?	Africa, Asia, Europe	17
3144572324	which two empires did Islamic expansion conflict with?	Spain (the franks) and Byzantine	18
3144572325	what was the nomadic/tribal leader called of the Bedouin society called?	Sheikh	19
3144572326	what did small scale trade and AG develop around?	oases	20
3144572327	what was the original name of Mecca?	yatrhib	21
3144572328	who was the first muslim?	khadijah	22
3144572329	what were 4 motives for arab conquest?	islamic unity, bedouin heritage, wealth, misconceptions	23
3144572330	where did the Umayyad caliphate move the Islamic capital to?	Damascus	24
3144572331	what was the name for people of the book?	Dhimmi	25
3144572332	what were non-arab converts called?	Mawali	26
3144572333	the Rashidun caliphate established what?	islamic caldendar	27
3144572334	where did Abbasid caliphate move the islamic capital to?	baghdad	28
3144572335	what is a Wazir?	chief administrator/head of caliph's inner circle	29
3144572336	what caliphate built huge bureaucracy to govern the empire?	abbasid	30
3144572337	under what caliphate was islam's golden age?	abbasids	31
3144572338	what was special about the abbasid dynasty?	tolerance toward non arabs	32
3144572339	what was the center of islamic Golden age and major trade city?	baghdad	33
3144572340	where did islamic merchants settle in in swahili?	coastal villages	34
3144572341	what did the swahili states trade and for what?	traded raw materials for Indian, Islamic, and Chinese luxuries	35
3144572342	what did Zimbabwe build?	massive stone enclosures	36
3144572343	what did Zimababwe supply and for who?	gold and swahili coast	37
3144572344	why did Zimbabwe decline?	internal divisions	38
3144572345	what did camels do?	they replaced horses and donkeys as transport animals	39
3144572346	what was traded on the Trans-saharan trade routes?	gold, salt, and ivory flourishes	40
3144572347	what did trans-saharan trade lead to?	the rise of the kingdoms in the sudan	41
3144572348	what was the political structure of sudan?	patriarch or council of elders	42
3144572349	what was sudan based upon?	ethnic core	43
3144572350	what were rulers considered in sudan?	sacred	44
3144572351	what did islam reinforce in sudan?	kingship	45
3144572352	what did Ghana use to control trans-sahran trade routes?	territorial expansion	46
3144572353	what did trade lead to?	urbanization	47
3144572354	what weakened ghana?	nomadic raids form the sahara	48
3144572355	what is sundiata?	the lion prince	49
3144572356	what was the base of Mali society?	AG with gold trade	50
3144572357	what were most people in mali society?	rural farmer, small farms owned by families	51
3144572358	what controlled mali trade? and what was it called?	the merchant class, called the juula	52
3144572359	when did slave trade become common in mali?	after the islamic conquest	53
3144572360	how was society organized in mali?	according to clans	54
3144572361	what were many societies in mali?	matrilineal	55
3144572362	what was common in mali?	polygamy	56
3144572363	what are griots?	oral historian in mali	57
3144572364	why was Dejenne famous?	for the largest adobe building in the world, called the great mosque	58
3144572365	why was timbuktu famous?	for its library and university	59
3144572366	who founded songhai founded by?	sunni ali and expaned by Askia muhammad the great	60
3144572367	who conquered the songhai empire?	moroccans with muskets in 1591	61
3144572368	what was the kingdom of Benin?	city-state established by Edo peoples	62
3144572369	what was Benin know for?	its bronze and ivory sculptures	63
3144572370	what language was impressed by Benin?	portuguese	64
3144572371	who invaded Indian subcontinent at the beginning of the 11th century?	afghan warlords	65
3144572372	what does islam start conquering?	hindu kingdoms	66
3144572373	what is the islamic state in india called?	delhi sultanate	67
3144572374	what is the capital of the islamic india?	delhi	68
3144572375	what time span did islam rule inda?	1206-1526	69
3144572376	why did many people convert to islam?	it meant not having to pay the head tax imposed on the nonbelievers	70
3144572377	despite influence what did many indians stay true to?	hinduism	71
3144572378	what other religion did islam have tension with?	hinduism	72
3144572379	why was persia's conversion easier?	ideas were closer to christianty	73
3144572380	what influenced islamic states?	persian traditions	74
3144572381	shi'a based persian art was....	colorful geometric desgns	75
3144572382	what type of communities settled in SE asia?	diasporic	76
3144572383	how did islam enter SE asia? and what did it become?	merchants, and became crossroads for trade between India,China, and arab pen.	77
3144572384	what empire developed in SE asia?	Srivijaya	78
3144572385	what did Mansa Musa do?	pilgrimage to mecca	79
3144572386	who is Ibn Battuta?	muslim traveler who narrated experiences	80
3144572387	what is the european term for muslims?	moors	81
3144572388	what was the european cultural and economic center?	cordoba	82
3144572389	what is another name for Al-Andalus?	Moorish Iberia	83
3144572390	what did islamic merchants trade with India and SE asia?	spices	84