Membranes & Transport - AP Biology Flashcards
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| 5304269675 | aquaporin | Channel protein through which water can diffuse across a membrane. |  | 0 |
| 5304269676 | bulk transport | Movement of substances too large for protein transport into or out of cell. Includes Endocytosis and exocytosis. |  | 1 |
| 5304269677 | carrier protein | Protein that combines with and transports a molecule or ion across the plasma membrane. (protein changes shape in process) |  | 2 |
| 5304269679 | channel protein | Protein that forms a channel that allows a particular molecule or ion to cross the plasma membrane. |  | 3 |
| 5304269680 | cholesterol | A steroid found in animal plasma membranes that helps keep them fluid |  | 4 |
| 5304269681 | lysis | Bursting of a cell. |  | 5 |
| 5304269682 | Selectively permeable | Ability of plasma membranes to regulate the passage of into and out of the cell; allowing some to pass through and preventing the passage of others. | 6 | |
| 5304269683 | diffusion | Movement of molecules or ions from a region of higher to lower concentration; it requires no energy and tends to lead to an equal distribution. | 7 | |
| 5304269684 | enzymatic protein | Protein that catalyzes a specific reaction. |  | 8 |
| 5304269686 | facilitated diffusion | Passive movement of substances through protein carriers. | 9 | |
| 5304269687 | fluid-mosaic model | Model for the cell membrane based on the changing location and pattern of protein molecules in a fluid phospholipid layer. |  | 10 |
| 5304269689 | glycoprotein | Protein in plasma membranes that bears a carbohydrate chain. usually acts as an ID marker |  | 11 |
| 5304269690 | hypertonic solution | Higher solute concentration (less water) than the cytoplasm of a cell; causes a cell to lose water by osmosis. | 12 | |
| 5304269691 | hypotonic solution | Lower solute (more water) concentration than the cytoplasm of a cell; | 13 | |
| 5304269692 | isotonic solution | Solution that is equal in solute concentration to that of the cytoplasm of a cell; causes a cell to neither gain nor lose water by osmosis. | 14 | |
| 5304269693 | junction protein | Proteins that assist cell-to-cell communication at the plasma membrane. |  | 15 |
| 5304269694 | osmosis | Diffusion of water through a differentially permeable membrane. | 16 | |
| 5304269696 | plasmolysis | Contraction of the cell contents in plants due to the loss of water resulting in cell membrane pulling away from cell wall. |  | 17 |
| 5304269697 | receptor protein | Protein located in the plasma membrane or within the cell; binds to a substance and sends a message into the cell to respond. | 18 | |
| 5304269698 | solute | Substance that is dissolved in a solvent, forming a solution. | 19 | |
| 5304269700 | solvent | Liquid portion of a solution that serves to dissolve the solute. | 20 | |
| 5304269702 | turgor pressure | Pressure of the cell contents against the cell wall; determined by the water content of the vacuole and provides internal support. |  | 21 |
| 5304285636 | flaccid | when a plant cell is somewhat wilted (opposite of turgid) |  | 22 |
| 5304287647 | sodium-potassium pump | Type of active transport that moves Na+/K+ across membranes (3Na+ out and 2 K+ in. Requires 1 ATP) | 23 | |
| 5304289296 | membrane potential | voltage across a membrane |  | 24 |
| 5304290655 | Electrochemical Gradient | a difference in ions and in charge across a membrane (results in membrane potential) | 25 | |
| 5304292987 | Proton pump | Protein that performs Active transport of H+ across membrane | 26 | |
| 5304294528 | Co-transport | When a molecule can only be carried across the membrane with a second molecule (usually linked to a pump) |  | 27 |
| 5304300205 | phospholipid | main component of the cell membrane. Has a hydrophilic & hydrophobic portion. |  | 28 |
| 5304305754 | Receptor-mediated endocytosis | proteins on surface stimulate a cell to engulf particles. Cholesterol taken in this way |  | 29 |
| 7969745338 | Water Potential | The measure of the relative tendency of water to move from one area to another. Water travels toward the LOWER one. |  | 30 |
| 7969750440 | Solute Potential | -iCRT (measured in bars). For pure water it is zero. |  | 31 |
| 7969759325 | simple diffusion | 32 | ||
| 7969763681 | Active Transport | Movement of substances against the concentration gradient through protein carrier. | 33 | |
| 7969792551 | Phagocytosis | Cell engulfing large particle. | 34 | |
| 7969794835 | Pinocytosis | Cell Engulfing small particles/liquid droplet (cell drinking) | 35 | |
| 7969798566 | Cell mediated Endocytosis | Cell Engulfing substance after receptors stimulated (cholesterol for ex. is taken in this way) | 36 |