AP Statistics (POD 3) Flashcards

6016242774	Pie Chart	Qualitative data display that shows how a "whole" divides into categories using wedges of a circle whose area corresponds to the category proportions; avoid when there are many different categories	0
6016242775	Outliers	Individual observation(s) that falls outside the overall pattern of the distribution; often unusually high or low values	1
6016242776	Bar Chart	Qualitative display showing the frequency or relative frequency for each category next to the each other for easy comparison.	2
6016242777	Segmented Bar Chart	Qualitative display where sub-categories are represented by a segment of the bar which is proportional to its relative frequency; aka stacked bar chart	3
6016242778	Relative Frequency	Proportion of a data set with a certain value (or range of values); allows meaningful comparisons between data sets even if the sample sizes differ	4
6016242779	Stem and Leaf Plot	Quantitative display that groups similar values into class intervals while still displaying the individual data values; useful for discussing shape and outliers of relatively small data sets	5
6016242782	Histogram	Quantitative display that groups silimar values into class intervals whose relative frequencies are represented by adjacent bars; useful for discussing shape and outliers of larger data sets	6
6016242783	Class interval	Span of values of a quantitative (usually continuous) variable; used to group similar values together to identify larger patterns	7
6016242784	Frequency Distribution	Quantitative display that shows each measurements of a sample and the number of times each measurement was observed	8
6016242785	Cumulative relative frequency	The proportion of a data set that is less than or equal to a given value or interval	9
6016242788	Mode	Most common value(s) in a data set; visually the peak of a data distribution	10
6016242789	unimodal	Having one mode; shape of a data distribution with a single peak	11
6016242790	bimodal	Having two modes; shape of a data distribution with two, approximately equal peaks	12
6016242791	uniform	Distribution with approximately equal frequencies for all values or class intervals; shape of a distribution with very little variation in frequency	13
6016242792	Skewed right	Distribution where the positive tail stretches significantly farther than the negative tail	14
6016242793	normal curve	Symmetrical bell-shaped curve that describes many distributions; most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes	15
6016242794	Heavy-tailed	Distribution whose upper and lower tails do not decline as rapidly as a normal curve; more variability than a normal distribution	16
6016242795	Light-tailed	Distribution whose upper and lower tails decline more rapidly than the normal curve; less variability than a normal distribution	17
6016242796	Sampling Variability	The tendency of sample results to differ between samples—something we must measure in order to effectively do inference	18
6016242797	Scatterplot	Quantitative display which represents the values of two variables; can be used to determine the direction and strength of the relationship between the two variables	19
6016242798	Time series plot	Quantitative display used to study patterns in the values over time; points can be connected since neither variable is independent	20
6016335147	Comparative Bar Chart	Qualitative display where sub-categories are represented by seperate bars that are grouped together into categories	21
6016529185	Skewed left	Distribution where the negative tail stretches significantly farther than the positive tail	22