AP Enzymes Flashcards

8251736505	Endergonic	chemical reactions that result in a net release of energy	0
8251739292	Exergonic	chemical reactions that absorb energy	1
8251742558	Activation energy	the energy that a system needs before a process (reaction) can occur	2
8251764177	enzyme specificity	each enzyme only catalyzes one specific reaction	3
8251769121	substrates	these are the reactants which bind to enzymes in a reaction	4
8251777043	active site	the site on an enzyme where substrates may attach	5
8251780843	induced fit	the change in shape of the active site of an enzyme so that it binds more snugly to the substrate. This change is caused by the entry of the substrate	6
8251784025	coenzymes	An organic molecule that is necessary in some enzymatic reactions	7
8251788176	cofactor	An inorganic molecule that is needed in some enzymatic reactions	8
8251791697	allosteric site	a region of the enzyme other than the active site to which a substrate can bind	9
8251803389	allosteric regulators	affect the activity of an enzyme by binding to a site other than the active site and thus changing the shape and function of the enzyme	10
8251807882	feedback inhibition	a method of control of a metabolic pathway in which an end product of the pathway acts as an inhibitor of an earlier enzyme within that same pathway	11
8251814022	Competitive inhibition	A substance reduces an enzyme's activity by entering the active site and blocking it from the substrate typically involved in the reaction	12
8251816215	Non-competitive inhibition	A substance binds to an allosteric site, causing the enzyme to change shape and making the active site no longer the correct shape for the substrate typically involved in the reaction	13