AP Biology - Immune System Flashcards
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| 5725282021 | Inflammatory Response | Vasodilation, phagocytosis, and increase in body temperature |  | 0 |
| 5725282022 | Histamines | chemical signals that trigger vasodilation, increasing blood supply to area and cause inflammation. | 1 | |
| 5725282023 | Phagocytes | White blood cells that engulf invading pathogens e.g., neutrophils, macrophages | 2 | |
| 5725282024 | Complement | chemical signals secreted by blood vessel cells that attract more white blood cells (phagocytes) to the area | 3 | |
| 5725282025 | Specific immunity | B and T cells; humoral and cell-mediated response | 4 | |
| 5725282026 | Lymphocyte | White blood cell |  | 5 |
| 5725282027 | B Cells | Humoral response by producing antibodies; activated by T cells or free antigens | 6 | |
| 5725282028 | T Cells | Cell-mediated response, stimulating by APCs (antigen presenting cells) | 7 | |
| 5725282029 | Helper T Cell | Set off an alarm to the immune system that pathogens have broken through the body's line of defense; binds to class II MHC |  | 8 |
| 5725282030 | Cytotoxic T Cell | Kills body cells that have been infected with pathogens; stimulated by antigens and helper T-cells |  | 9 |
| 5725282031 | Macrophages | APC that engulfs large numbers of pathogens; presents antigen to activate T cells |  | 10 |
| 5725282034 | MHC I | molecules found on every body cell that presents antigen; signals cytotoxic T to destroy | 11 | |
| 5725282035 | MHC II | molecules found on macrophages, B cells, and activated T cells; signal helper T cells | 12 | |
| 5725282036 | Memory Cells | Responsible for lifelong immunity by storing copy B and T cells to more quickly fight secondary infection |  | 13 |
| 5725282037 | Antibody | Y-shaped protein with variable antigen bind region; slows pathogens to facilitate destruction |  | 14 |
| 5725282038 | Antigen | Identifying marker on the outside of a pathogen |  | 15 |
| 5725282039 | Passive Immunity | Temporary immunity where antibodies are transferred from another animal ex: mother transfers some of her antibodies to her nursing child | 16 | |
| 5725282041 | Autoimmune disease | A mistake in the immune system where the body does not properly distinguish self from nonself | 17 | |
| 5725282042 | Allergy | Hypersensitive immune response to certain substances that causes that release of histamine | 18 | |
| 5725282043 | Dendritic Cells | During primary immune responses, the principle antigen-presenting cells in the lymph nodes | 19 | |
| 5725282044 | Innate Immunity | General, non-specific protection to the body, including the skin (barrier), gastric acid, phagocytes, and lysozyme. | 20 | |
| 5725282045 | Effector Cell | Short-lived lymphocyte such as a B cell or cytotoxic T lymphocyte that can take immediate action against an antigen. | 21 | |
| 5725282046 | Natural Killer Cells | A type of white blood cell that can kill tumor cells and virus-infected cells; an important component of innate immunity. | 22 | |
| 5725282048 | Humoral Response | The branch of acquired immunity that involves the activation of B cells and that leads to the production of antibodies, which defend against bacteria and viruses in body fluids. | 23 | |
| 5725282049 | Cell-mediated Response | The branch of acquired immunity that involves the activation of cytotoxic T cells, which defend against infected cells. | 24 | |
| 5725282050 | Neutrophils | The most abundant type of white blood cell. Phagocytic and tend to self-destruct as they destroy foreign invaders, limiting their lifespan to a few days. (aka: Pus) | 25 |