AP Biology Chemistry and Water Flashcards
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| 5725002608 | Covalent Bond | both atoms are happier when bonded together (strongest bond) |  | 0 |
| 5725002609 | Ionic Bond | one atom takes a positive charge while the other atom takes on a negative charge |  | 1 |
| 5725002610 | Universal Solvent | water |  | 2 |
| 5725002611 | polar | uneven distribution charge where one side is negative and the other side is positive | 3 | |
| 5725002612 | hydrogen bond | based on 2 molecules of attraction, not in atoms(weakest bond) |  | 4 |
| 5725002613 | OH | hydroxide(base) |  | 5 |
| 5725002614 | NH2 | amine(acid) |  | 6 |
| 5725002615 | COOH | carboxyl(amino acid) |  | 7 |
| 5725002616 | PO4 | phosphate(ATP, DNA) |  | 8 |
| 5725002617 | SH | sulfhydril(amino acids) |  | 9 |
| 5725002618 | Carbohydrates | carbs or sugars |  | 10 |
| 5725002619 | Monosaccharides | 1 sugar | | 11 |
| 5725002620 | 3 Main Sugars | glucose, galactose, fructose |  | 12 |
| 5725002621 | Isomers | same formula different structure | 13 | |
| 5725002622 | Disaccahride | 2 sugars | 14 | |
| 5725002623 | Dehydration Synthesis | water is removed to from a disaccharide |  | 15 |
| 5725002625 | Polysaccharides | many sugars |  | 16 |
| 5725002626 | Starch | -chains of alpha glucoses(poly) -storage energy for plants, energy for animals -complex carb |  | 17 |
| 5725002627 | Cellulose | -chains of beta glucose -plant cell walls(strong) -undigestable(fiber) |  | 18 |
| 5725002628 | Chitin | -insects,crustacean,exoskeletons ,fungal cell -cant break down beta -nitrogen= durable sugar |  | 19 |
| 5725002629 | R group in Proteins? | determines structure,sequence, and what bonds with what |  | 20 |
| 5725002635 | amino acid functional groups | carboxyl(COOH), aminie acid(NH2), R group |  | 21 |
| 5725002637 | Peptide Bond | amino group of one amino acid molecule combines with the acid group of another |  | 22 |
| 5725002638 | Hydrolisis | opposite of dehydration synthesis |  | 23 |
| 5725002640 | Lipids | -fats, oils, waxes -animals use for storage of energy, insulation, and water flow lubricant -plants use for cuticle/waxy layer for energy -nonpolar | 24 | |
| 5725002641 | phospholipid bylayer | makes up cell membranes |  | 25 |
| 5725002642 | Saturated Fat | -Hydrogen occupies every space possible -more dense |  | 26 |
| 5725002643 | Glycerol | backbone in many fats |  | 27 |
| 5725002644 | Unsaturated Fats | -causes it to bend - "kinky" |  | 28 |
| 5725002645 | Nucleotide | sugar+phosphate+nitrogen base |  | 29 |
| 5725002646 | DNA | deoxyribose+ PO4+ATCG |  | 30 |
| 5725002647 | RNA | ribose+PO4+AUCG |  | 31 |
| 5725002648 | purine(base) | -2 rings -AG |  | 32 |
| 5725002649 | pyrimadine | - 1 ring -TCU -3 bonds between C and G | 33 | |
| 5725002650 | ATP | -energy -cellular currency | 34 | |
| 5725002651 | Adenine Triphosphate | 3 phosphates, 1 sugar, 1 purine |  | 35 |
| 5725002652 | Properties of Water | 1) less dense when frozen 2)high heat of vaporization 3)high specific heat 4)capillary action due to adhesion and cohesion | 36 |