APES Atmosphere Flashcards
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| 8410526952 | Nitrogen | - Element that makes up 78% of atmosphere - Element that occurs in amino acids (proteins) and Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) | 0 | |
| 8410531499 | Oxygen | - Element that makes up 21% of the atmosphere - Produced by photosynthesis and used in cellular respiration | 1 | |
| 8410537556 | Water Vapor | The main source for the greenhouse effect | 2 | |
| 8410546884 | Troposphere | Atmospheric layer where weather occurs | 3 | |
| 8410548359 | Stratosphere | Atmospheric layer where ozone is located and absorbs high energy UVB and UVC waves | 4 | |
| 8410552366 | Mesosphere | Atmospheric layer where most of the meteors that enter the earth's atmosphere melt or vaporize | 5 | |
| 8410557965 | Thermosphere | Atmospheric layer that absorbs UV radiation and X-rays | 6 | |
| 8410567432 | Coriolis effect | Movement of air caused by the Earth's rotation | 7 | |
| 8410588627 | Ferrel Cell | -Occurs between 30 degrees and 60 degrees North and South - Land here has large changes in temperature and precipitation (broadleaf deciduous and taiga) | 8 | |
| 8410593461 | Hadley Cell | - Dominates tropical equator region -Carries heat and moisture from tropics to mid-latitudes |  | 9 |
| 8410597008 | Polar Cell | -Occurs above 60 degrees N and S -Cold, dry, descending air with low temperatures and little precipitation | 10 | |
| 8410601875 | Sea breeze (onshore) | -Occurs during day when land heats up faster causing denser ocean air to move landward |  | 11 |
| 8410606021 | Land breeze (offshore) | - Occurs during night when land cools faster and becomes more dense pushing the air out to sea |  | 12 |
| 8410618581 | Rain shadow (orographic) effect | Dry area on the back (lee) side of a mountainous area | 13 | |
| 8410620724 | Monsoons | Heavy rain seasons caused by a large fluctuation in the seasonal cycle of land temperature compared to nearby oceans | 14 | |
| 8410625875 | Hurricanes | Tropical storm systems that form of large bodies of warm water and have low pressure centers, strong winds and flooding rains | 15 | |
| 8410630181 | Storm surge | An offshore rise of sea level caused by high winds pushing on the ocean's surface | 16 | |
| 8410637048 | Hurricane Katrina | -occurred in 2005 around Louisiana - most costly ($81 billion) and most deadly (1,836 lives) category 5 hurricane in US History - Destruction compounded due to failure of local, state, and federal authorities | 17 | |
| 8410645779 | Hurricane Sandy | -occurred in 2012 - led to 200,000 homeless in Haiti - Most US damage occurred in New York and New Jersey due to flooding | 18 | |
| 8410651509 | Tornadoes | A violent rotating column that is in contact with a cumulonimbus cloud and Earth's surface - In US mainly occur in "tornado alley" (Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, and bordering states) | 19 | |
| 8410657261 | ENSO consequences | - Western Trade winds in south pacific weaken or move east - Warm air rises in Peru causing rain in the deserts their - reduced upwelling of nutrients on SA coastline - moves patterns of rain to dry and dry to rain | 20 | |
| 8410684161 | La Nina | - usually cold ocean temperature in equatorial eastern pacific - conditions are opposite of el nino -increased hurricane activity -heavier monsoons in India and SE Asia | 21 |