APES Chapter 18 Flashcards
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| 4890066519 | Extinction | the process whereby a species dies-out -local, ecological, and biological | 0 | |
| 4890066520 | 50,000 | number of species lost per year worldwide | 1 | |
| 4890066521 | Inbreeding | when individuals with similar genotypes, typically relatives, breed with each other | 2 | |
| 4890066522 | categories of endangerment |  | 3 | |
| 4890066523 | Extinct | no known individuals of a species exist | 4 | |
| 4890066524 | Threatened | species with a high risk of extinction in the future | 5 | |
| 4890066525 | Near-threatened | species that are likely to become threatened in the future | 6 | |
| 4890066526 | Least concern | species that are widespread and abundant | 7 | |
| 4890066527 | Causes of declining biodiversity | habitat loss, invasive species, pollution, climate change, overharvesting (HIPCO) | 8 | |
| 4890066528 | habitat loss | largely due to human development; greatest cause of decline and extinction | 9 | |
| 4890066529 | Invasive species |  | 10 | |
| 4890066530 | Alien (exotic) species | species that live outside their historical range | 11 | |
| 4890066531 | climate change | The concern is how climate change will affect temperature and precipitation around the world, and how this will impact biodiversity. | 12 | |
| 4890066532 | Overharvesting | when individuals of a species are removed at a rate faster than the | 13 | |
| 4890066533 | Pollution | biodiversity can be threatened by toxic contaminants | 14 | |
| 4890066534 | Lacey Act (1900) | prohibited transport of illegally harvested game animals (primarily birds and mammals, but not necessarily endangered) across state lines | 15 | |
| 4890066535 | CITES (Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species) (1973) | control international trade of threatened plants and animals; international agreement of more than 175 countries | 16 | |
| 4890066536 | Red List | list of threatened species kept by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) |  | 17 |
| 4890066537 | Marine Mammal Protection Act (1972) | prohibits the killing of all marine mammals in the U.S. and the import or export of any marine mammal body parts | 18 | |
| 4890066538 | Endangered Species Act (1973) | US Fish and Wildlife Service has the authority to determine which species are threatened or endangered, and the government is authorized to purchase habitat critical to species; trade and harm of species is illegal | 19 | |
| 4890066539 | Convention on Biological Diversity (1992) | 3 objectives: conserve biodiversity, sustainably use biodiversity, share benefits from the commercial use of genetic resources such as pharmaceutical drugs | 20 | |
| 4890066540 | Criteria for choosing protected areas | we must consider how close to another area they should be, how large the area is, and the amount of edge habitat the area contains. | 21 | |
| 4890066541 | Edge habitat | the area where two different communities come together, typically forming an abrupt transition. Ex./ a grassy field meeting a forest | 22 | |
| 4890066542 | Biosphere reserves | protected areas consisting of zones that vary in the amount of permissible human impact |  | 23 |
| 4890066543 | Theory of island biogeography | larger and closer "islands" have greater diversity | 24 |