AP World History Exam Flashcards

6685180450	Democracy	Type of government ruled by the people.	0
6685182230	Direct Democracy	All citizens decide , works better in small populations.	1
6685185826	Representative Democracy	Citizens vote for representatives to make decisions for them.	2
6685189298	Parliamentary Democracy	Executive and legislative functions both reside in the elected assembly.	3
6685189299	Autocracy	A system of government by one person with absolute power.	4
6685191676	Dictatorship	When power is seized by or granted to an individual member of society.	5
6685194147	Totalitarian Dictatorship	A political system in which the state recognizes no limits to its authority.	6
6685195672	Absolute Monarchy	A form of monarchy in which one ruler has supreme authority and no restrictions.	7
6685198041	Constitutional Monarchy	A form of monarchy following a constitution.	8
6685198042	Theocracy	Ruled by a single leader usually claims to be chosen by God.	9
6685199813	Oligarchy	A small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution.	10
6685199814	Anarchy	No government	11
6685199833	Religion	A particular system of having faith or worshipping	12
6685202318	Abrahamic Religion	- Christianity, Judaism, Islam - All monotheistic - Abraham was a prophet	13
6685204990	Christianity	100 CE; Christians were the minorities of many civilizations until 324 CE; In the Roman Empire Christians were persecuted; Emperor Constantine(Rome) eventually makes it the official religion of Rome and rebuilt churches	14
6685204991	Judaism	Abraham was the first Jew to speak to God Started in the Middle East Torah - Jewish Holy Book	15
6685204992	Islam	700 CE in Saudi Arabia; By 800 CE it spreads to Africa, Asia, and Europe through trade; Muslim book of law = Quran/Kuran	16
6685207304	Buddhism	Not an Abrahamic religion 2,500 years ago in Nepal Siddhartha Gotama = Buddha, No god	17
6685207305	Hinduism	900 million followers today; 150 BCE, began in India; Henothesitic - One god presented in many - Main god is Brahman	18
6685209939	Mesopotamia	- Began to live here as early as 10,000 BCE - Land between two rivers (Tigris & Euphrates) - Fertile Crescent	19
6685209940	Ancient Greece	- 800 BCE to 500 BCE - Created Democracy - Art, poetry, sports - City State	20
6685212289	Ancient Rome	- 753 BCE to 476 CE - Italy - Tiber River - Representative Democracy - Military - Laws	21
6685212290	Han Empire	- Located in China - 206 BCE - 200 CE - Fought with the Romans and lost - Pacific Ocean	22
6685216112	Mauryan Empire	- Located in India - 321 BCE to 185 BCE - Ganges River - Largest standing army - Buddhism	23
6685219956	Abbasid Empire	Second of the two greatest dynasties of the Muslim Empire of the caliphate 750-1258 CE Overthrew the Umayyad caliphate in 750	24
6714534859	Middle Ages	400's - 1400's Starts with the fall of rome (476) Ends at the renaissance	25
6714534860	Christian Crusades	Crusade = Religious war Began around 1095 Christians vs. Muslims	26
6714536457	Byzantine Empire	Byzantine = Eastern half of Roman Empire 285 - 1453 CE First christian state	27
6714539222	Chinese Civilizations	Sui Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Song Dynasty	28
6714539672	Fall of Han Dynasty	Fell around 220 CE, Battle of Red Cliffs Jin Dynasty took over next 589 CE - Sui Dynasty takes over	29
6714542012	Sui Dynasty	Golden Age of China 589 - 618 Goals: Build Great Wall of China, Expand China's territory, Build the Grand Canal Defeated by their own military	30
6714542013	Tang Dynasty	Lowered taxes Had female ruler Increased Trade	31
6714543960	Song Dynasty	Raises taxes Trade increase Valued poetry	32
6714545547	Confucianism	Confucius was the leader, way of life Values: education, respect, hard work, hierarchy	33
6714548929	Feudalism	Social System in Europe during the middle ages Monarchies were popular	34
6714550427	Mesoamerica	Mexico and Central America Indigenous cultures	35
6714551742	Mayan Empire	1800 CE to 250 AD Agriculture, pottery, hieroglyph writing, calendar making and mathematics	36
6714551743	Inca Empire	1400 CE to 1533 CE Agriculture and roadway systems, centralized religion and language	37
6714553649	Aztec Empire	1345 CE to 1521 CE Nomadic tribe Social, political, religious and commercial organization	38
6714720738	Bubonic Plague	Spread through contact with infected fleas, carried on rats Symptoms: Swollen body parts, bloody, contagious	39
6726266611	Trade	the transfer of goods or services from one person to another in exchange for other goods or services	40
6726271534	Market	where trade occurs	41
6726271535	Bartering	trade without money	42
6726274927	Trade routes	the paths people follow commonly to purchase and sell goods	43
6726274928	Export	send goods to another country	44
6726276901	Import	bring goods to the country	45
6726276902	Silk Road	206 BCE - 1453 CE; Used by - China, India, Middle East, Europe Traded - Gold, Chinese silk, cloth, gunpowder, religion, precious stones	46
6726280488	Trans-Saharan Trade	700-1600; Sahara (north and south) to reach sub-Saharan Africa from the North African coast, Europe, to the Levant	47
6726285971	Indian Ocean Trade	500 C.E. - 1500 C.E; East-West Trading;	48
6737137267	Imperialism	Take over their land with military forces	49
6737137268	Colonialism	Move into an area and take their resources	50
6738081109	Ottoman Empire	At it's largest during the 16th-17th century; Spanned across 3 continents (Asia, Europe, Africa); Controlled all of the trade going through this region; Converted many to Islam; Capital City: Constantinople	51
6744131588	Sultan Mehmet II	Leader 1451-1481 Rule in Turkey - Ottoman Empire	52
6738091602	Renaissance	A time of rebirth of culture in Europe	53
6738088308	12th Century Renaissance	"Medieval Renaissance" 1100-1200; High Middle Ages Religious - Churches, Cathedrals, and schools built for students; "Beauty brought people closer to God"	54
6738088309	15th Century Renaissance	"Italian Renaissance" 1400-1500; Art, architecture, literature, music, philosophy and other arts; God and religion was not the focus of art	55
6744214288	Humanism	Art and focus on realistic forms and nature	56
6738104821	Medici Family	Last Medici ruler died in 1737 Florence, Italy Power through banking and commerce	57
6743833628	Roman Catholic Church	Largest Christian Church; Powerful	58
6738140814	Age of Exploration	15th century - 18th century Start of globalization and Power of European culture	59
6743914495	Nationalism	A desire by a large group of people to form a separate and independent nation of their own	60
6744197827	Reformation	16th century Religious movement , reform Roman Catholic Church	61
6744451466	Spanish Conquest	Colonial expansion were trade and the spread of the Catholic faith to the indigenous	62
6744453120	Atlantic Slave Trade	15th century - 19th century Middle passages Slaves sold in trade	63
6744454511	Columbian Exchange	15th - 16th century Transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas	64
6803304374	WWl	1914-1918 Allies: Great Britain, France, Russia Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy	65
6803310021	M.A.I.N. Causes of WWl	Militarism: The policy of building up or creating a large military. (Have a better military) Alliances: An agreement between two or more countries to help each other out and defend each other. Imperialism: A country attempts to extend its power and influence over other countries, through diplomacy or military force. Nationalism: Pride in one's country	66
6803362044	Treaty of Versailles	Germany renounces what they have, demilitarize, and pay reparations as well as take the blame.	67
6803364518	1920's Great Depression	In debt because of war, loss of jobs, economic depression	68
6803364519	WW2	Ends in 1945, Hitler invades Poland in the start	69
6803458350	Blitzberg	Lightning war which uses fast moving planes and tanks followed by infantry to take the enemy by surprise	70
6803364658	Holocaust	Genocide, 1933-1938 under Hitler's power, Minorities targeted	71
6803428986	Genocide	The intentional killing of a large group of people	72
6803369393	Rise of communism	Russia spreads communism	73
6803791312	Modern War	The use of technology and new strategies pushes conflict further	74
6816954529	Marshall Plan	"European Recovery Program" Plan to channel $13 billion to help Europe recover from WW1. Planned by U.S. Secretary of state, George Marshall, 1947	75
6816954530	USSR	Now Russia, wants to spread communism. Defeated Germany in WW1 causing them to surrender.	76
6816956535	Yalta Conference	1945: A decision was made to split the German empire into 4 sections after WW1. Germany would then belong to the U.S., Great Britain, France, and the Soviet Union	77
6816956536	Truman Doctrine	U.S. president, Harry Truman, 1947, promises to provide political and military help to all democratic and capitalist nations to fight off communism	78
6816958091	Communism	Most equal, get what you need from the government. Control by government, focus on ownership.	79
6816958092	Socialism	Government has control over manufacturing, focus on economy	80
6816959948	Capitalism	People become wealthy on their own accords. People control their own wealth	81
6816959949	Warsaw Pact	NATO and Warsaw Pact compete for members and weapons. Rivalry between communist and capitalists.	82
6816959950	NATO Treaty	North Atlantic Alliance founded in the aftermath of WW2. Treaty signed in Washington in 1949. Commits Allies to democracy, individual liberty and the rule of law, and peaceful resolution to disputes.	83
6816962526	Iron Curtain	The divide to stop communism. British prime minister, Winston Churchill, 1946, wanted to established a strong alliance with the U.S.	84
6816962527	Cold War	1947 - 1991 . Causes: American fear of communism, USSR fear of America's atomic bomb and capitalism.	85
6816964974	Cuban Missile Crisis	1959 - Cuba becomes communist under Fidel Castro. In October of 1962, USSR had established nuclear-armed missiles in Cuba, United States perceived this as a threat. People in fear of nuclear war.	86
6816964975	Vietnam War	1955 - 1975 Northern (Led by Viet Cong) vs. Southern Vietnam (Led by U.S.) U.S. invested to stop communism.	87
6816977075	Viet Cong	Communist, Lead Northern Vietnam	88