AP World History Chapter 20 Flashcards

9128733341	factories	European trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants; utilized throughout Portuguese trading empire to assure secure landing places and commerce.	0
9128792359	El Mina	Most important of early Portuguese trading factories in forest zone of Africa.	1
9128798197	Nzinga Mvemba	King of Kongo south of Zaire River from 1507 to 1543; converted to Christianity and took title Alfonso I; under Portuguese influence attempted to Christianize all of kingdom.	2
9128806103	Luanda	Portuguese factory established in 1520s south of Kongo; became basis for Portuguese colony of Angola.	3
9128812351	Royal African Company	Chartered in 1660s to establish a monopoly over the slave trade among British merchants; supplied African slaves to colonies in Barbados, Jamaica, and Virginia.	4
9128812352	Indies piece	Term utilized within the complex exchange system established by the Spanish for African trade; referred to the value of an adult male slave.	5
9128818477	triangular trade	Commerce linking Africa, the New World colonies, and Europe; slaves carried to America for sugar and tobacco transported to Europe.	6
9128829918	Asante empire	Established in Gold Coast among Akan people settled around Kumasi; dominated by Oyoko clan; many clans linked under Osei Tutu after 1650.	7
9128831647	asantehene	Title taken by ruler of Asante Empire; supreme civil and religious leader; authority symbolized by golden stool.	8
9128833431	Osei Tutu	member of Oyoko clan of Akan peoples in Gold Coast region of Africa; responsible for creating unified Asante Empire; utilized Western firearms.	9
9128849750	Dahomey	Kingdom developed among Fon or Aja peoples in 17th century; center at Abomey 70 miles from coast; under King Agaja expanded to control coastline and port of Whydah by 1727; accepted Western firearms and goods in return for African slaves.	10
9128851360	Luo	Nilotic people who migrated from Upper Nile valley; established dynasty among existing Bantu population in lake region of central eastern Africa; center at Bunyoro.	11
9128851361	Fulani	a family of languages of the Fulani people of West Africa and used as a lingua franca in the sub-Saharan regions from Senegal to Chad.	12
9128855391	Great Trek	Movement of Boer settlers in Cape Colony of southern Africa to escape influence of British colonial government in 1834; led to settlement of regions north of Orange River and Natal.	13
9128858739	mfecane	Wars of 19th century in southern Africa; created by Zulu expansion under Shaka; revolutionized political organization of southern Africa.	14
9128861101	Swazi and Lesotho	African states formed by peoples reacting to the stresses of the Mfecane. (Wars among Africans in southern Africa during the early 19th century).	15
9128863431	Middle Passage	Slave voyage from Africa to the Americas; generally a traumatic experience for black slaves, although it failed to strip Africans of their culture.	16
9128866490	saltwater slaves	Slaves transported from Africa; almost invariably black.	17
9128866491	Creole slaves	American-born descendants of saltwater slaves; result of sexual exploitation of slave women or process of miscegenation.	18
9128872379	obeah	a religious belief of African origin involving witchcraft and sorcery.	19
9128872380	candomble	African religious ideas and practices in Brazil, particularly among the Yoruba people.	20
9128874401	vodun	African religious ideas and practices among descendants of African slaves in Haiti.	21
9128874402	Palmares	Kingdom of runaway slaves with a population of 8,000 to 10,000 people; located in Brazil during the 17th century; leadership was Angolan.	22
9128876007	Suriname	formerly a Dutch plantation colony on the coast of South America; location of runaway slave kingdom in 18th century; able to retain independence despite attempts to cruch guerrilla resistance.	23
9128880088	William Wilburforce	British statesman and reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliament that led to end of English slave trade in 1807.	24