AP World History Chapter 15 Flashcards

8760838611	African Diaspora	Name given to the spread of African peoples across the Atlantic via the slave trade	0
8760842369	Banda Islands	Infamous case of the Dutch forcibly taking control of the spice trade; nearly the entire population of these nutmeg-producing islands was killed or enslaved and then replaced with Dutch planters.	1
8760849515	Benin	West African kingdom (in what is now Nigeria) whose strong kings sharply limited engagement with the slave trade.	2
8760857986	British/Dutch East India Companies	Private trading companies chartered by the governments of England and the Netherlands around 1600; they were given monopolies on Indian Ocean trade, including the right to make war and to rule conquered peoples.	3
8760859139	Cartaz	A pass that the Portuguese required of all merchant vessels attempting to trade in the Indian Ocean	4
8760870449	Dahomey	West African kingdom that became strong through its rulers' exploitation of the slave trade	5
8760870450	Daimyo	Feudal lords of Japan who ruled with virtual independence thanks to their bands of samurai warriors	6
8760871615	Hurons	Native American people of northeastern North America who were heavily involved in the fur trade	7
8760872362	Indian ocean Commercial Network	The massive, interconnected web of commerce in premodern times between the lands that bordered on the Indian Ocean (including East Africa, India, Southeast Asia); the network was badly disrupted by Portuguese intrusion beginning around 1500	8
8760872363	Little Ice Age	A period of cooling temperatures and harsh winters that lasted for much of the early modern era	9
8760874189	Magellan, Ferdinand	Portuguese mariner who commanded the first European (Spanish) fleet to circumnavigate the globe	10
8760874190	Manila	Capital of the Spanish Philippines and a major multicultural trade city that already had a population of more than 40,000 by 1600	11
8760875034	Middle Passage	Name commonly given to the journey across the Atlantic undertaken by African slaves being shipped to the Americas	12
8760875035	Piece of Eight	Standard Spanish coin that became a medium of exchange in North America, Europe, India, Russia, and West Africa as well as in the Spanish Empire, so called because it was worth 8 reales	13
8760875728	Potosi	City that developed high in the Andes (in present-day Bolivia) at the site of the world's largest silver mine and that became the largest city in the Americas, with a population of some 160,000 in the 1570's	14
8760875729	Samurai	The warrior elite of medieval Japan	15
8760875730	Shogun	In Japan, a supreme military commander	16
8760877852	Silver Drain	Term often used, along with "specie drain," to describe the siphoning of money from Europe to pay for the luxury products of the East, a process exacerbated by the fact that Europe had few trade goods that were desirable in Eastern markets; eventually, the bulk of the world's silver supply made its way to China	17
8760937372	"Soft Gold"	Nickname used in the early modern period for animal furs, highly valued for their warmth and as symbols of elite status; in several regions, the fur trade generated massive wealth for those engaged in it	18
8760938341	Spanish Philippines	An archipelago of Pacific Islands colonized by Spain in a relatively bloodless process that extended for the century or so after 1565, a process accompanied by a major effort at evangelization; the Spanish named them the Philippine Islands in honor of King Phillip II of Spain	19
8760938342	Tokugawa Shogunate	Military rulers of Japan who successfully unified Japan politically by the early seventeenth century and established a "closed door" policy toward European encroachments	20
8760939471	Trading Post Empire	Form of imperial dominance based on control of trade rather than on control of subject peoples	21