Music Theory AP Music Flashcards

7971909672	Passing tone	Approached by step and then continues by step in the same direction	0
7971909673	Neighboring tone	Approached by step and then returns by step to the original note	1
7971909674	Accented neighboring tone	A neighbor tone that occurs within the second chord	2
7971909675	Anticipation	Approached by step and then remains the same	3
7971909676	Escape tone	Approached by step in them skips in the opposite direction	4
7971909677	Appoggiatura	Approached by skip and then steps in the opposite direction	5
7971909678	Suspension	Keeps a note the same and then steps downward	6
7971909679	Retardation	Keeps a note the same and then steps upward	7
7971909680	Changing tones	To non-harmonic times in succession like a double neighbor tone or neighbor group	8
7971909681	Perfect authentic cadence	Goes from V to I, root position, highest note of the I chord must be the root	9
7971909682	Imperfect authentic cadence	Goes from diminished vii to I, the V chord is inverted, OR the highest note of the I chord is not the root	10
7971909683	Deceptive cadence	Goes from V chord to any chord besides a I chord	11
7971909684	Half cadence	Goes from any chord to a V	12
7971909685	Major scale circle progressions	I> IV> vii dim> iii> vi> ii> V> I	13
7971909686	Minor scale circle progressions	i> iv> VII> III> VI> ii dim> v> i	14
7971909687	Motive	A short melody	15
7971909688	Theme	A long motif	16
7971909689	Antecedent	Question	17
7971909690	Consequent	Answer	18
7971909691	Period	Antecedent and consequent together	19
7971909692	Parallel period	Similar periods	20
7971909693	Contrasting period	More different periods	21
7971909694	Double period	The question is doubled and answer is doubled	22
7971909695	Retrograde	Backwards	23
7971909696	Elision (phase elision)	2 phrases are connected (overlap)	24
7971909697	Fragmentation	Segmenting the phrase	25
7971909698	Internal expansion	Make the inside of phrase larger but beginning and end are same	26
7971909699	Motivic transformation	Rhythmic alteration	27
7971909700	Thematic transformation	Any change	28
7971909701	Truncation	Cutting off	29
7971909702	Diatonic	In the key (major or minor scale)	30
7971909703	Chromatic	Using accidentals, notes not in key	31
7971909704	Picardy third	Minor piece with the last chord in major	32
7971909705	Resolution	Moving to a pleasant sound	33
7971909706	Common practice style	From Bach to Brahams	34
7971909707	Rondo	Aaaba Bcdcc A; ABA; ABACA; ABACABA	35
7971909708	Cadential extension	Delaying the cadence by adding material	36
7971909709	Coda	An ending (any length)	37
7971909710	Codetta	A small coda (end of sonata, perfect cadence at end)	38
7971909711	Stanza	Same music, different lyrics	39
7971909712	Strophic	AAA (same music each verse)	40
7971909713	Refrain or chorus	Repeated section (same lyrics)	41
7971909714	Verse	New lyrics each time	42
7971909715	Bridge	A contrasting section to the verse or chorus	43
7971909716	Turnaround	A chord progression that brings you back to the beginning (M6, m2, 5, 1)	44
7971909717	Song form	AABA	45
7971909718	Twelve-bar blues	I, I, I, I, IV, IV, I, I, V, IV, I, I	46
7971909719	Lead sheet	A piece of music with chords, lyrics, and melody	47
7971909720	Rhythm section	Piano, bass, drums,sometimes guitar	48
7971909721	Binary	AABB	49
7971909722	Rounded binary	ABA with B being similar to A	50
7971909723	Ternary	ABA with B contrasting A	51
7971909724	Through-composed	No repeats	52
7971909725	Theme & vaiation	Each new statement of the theme is a little varied	53
7971909726	Phrygian half	In a minor key, goes from iv^6 to V	54
7971909727	Conclusive cadence	Anything going to I (major or minor)	55
7971909728	Inconclusive cadence	Anything not going to I	56
7971909729	Predominant function	Whatever chord comes before V (resolves)	57
7971909730	Circle of fifths	A chord progression moving down a fifth each time	58
7971909731	Retrogression	A chord progression moving further than I on a circle of fifths	59
7971909732	Deceptive progression		60