AP Biology CHAPTER 3 Flashcards
terms along with vital information covering Campbell's 6th edition Biology textbook
Terms : Hide Images [1]
| 7910218634 | polar covalent | type of bond in water? Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen and the electrons of the polar bonds spend more time near oxygen thus, making oxygen more negativity charged and hydrogen more positively charged |  | 0 |
| 7910218635 | Cohesion | holding a substance together |  | 1 |
| 7910218636 | Adhesion | clinging of a substance to another |  | 2 |
| 7910218637 | Capillary action | the attraction of the surface of a liquid to the surface of a solid, which causes the liquid to rise or fall Capillary action is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without assistance. It occurs because of intermolecular forces between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. If the diameter of the tube is sufficiently small, then the combination of surface tension (which is caused by cohesion within the liquid) and adhesive forces between the liquid and container wall act to propel the liquid. When adhesion > cohesion, capillary action occurs. |  | 3 |
| 7910218638 | Surface Tension | A measure of how difficult it is to break/stretch a surface |  | 4 |
| 7910218639 | Kinetic Energy | energy of motion | 5 | |
| 7910218640 | Heat | total kinetic energy due to molecular motion | 6 | |
| 7910218641 | Calorie | amount of heat it takes to move 1 gram of substance 1 degree Celsius higher | 7 | |
| 7910218642 | Temperature | intensity of heat due to average kinetic energy | 8 | |
| 7910218643 | Specific heat | amount of heat needed to be absorbed /lost to change the temperature by 1 degree Celsius water has a high _____. |  | 9 |
| 7910218644 | water | 1 calorie/1 gram/I degree Celsius is the specific heat of ____. | 10 | |
| 7910218645 | Evaporative cooling | remains of a liquid cool down |  | 11 |
| 7910218646 | vaporization | amount of heat needed to turn liquid into gas |  | 12 |
| 7910218647 | evaporation | process of liquid becoming gas | 13 | |
| 7910218648 | How does the density of water contribute to aquatic life? | if ice sank, ponds/oceans/lakes would freeze solid, killing the life (during the summer only top would thaw) instead the floating ice insulates liquid water from below preventing it from freezing and killing animals | 14 | |
| 7910218649 | solution | liquid completely homogeneous of two or more substances |  | 15 |
| 7910218650 | solvent | dissolving agent |  | 16 |
| 7910218651 | solute | substance dissolved | | 17 |
| 7910218652 | aqueous solution | water is solvent | 18 | |
| 7910218653 | hydration shell | sphere of water molecules around dissolved ions |  | 19 |
| 7910218654 | hydrophobic | water hating substances |  | 20 |
| 7910218655 | hydrophilic | water loving substances | 21 | |
| 7910218656 | mole | the molecular weightof a substance expressed in grams (6.02 x 10^23) | 22 | |
| 7910218657 | molarity | concentration measured by number of mols/liter of solution | 23 | |
| 7910218658 | hydrogen ion | H+ | 24 | |
| 7910218659 | hydroxide ion | OH- | 25 | |
| 7910218660 | hydronium ion | H30+ | 26 | |
| 7910218661 | acids | increase H+ concentration | 27 | |
| 7910218662 | bases | reduce H+ concentration | 28 | |
| 7910218663 | pH scale | measures concentration of H+ (scale from 1-14) |  | 29 |
| 7910218664 | buffers | substance that minimizes changes in H+/OH- concentration |  | 30 |
| 7910218665 | acid precipitation | presence of sulfur oxides/nitrogen oxides and gaseous compounds react with air and goes into lakes, oceans, and soil, affecting animal life |  | 31 |