AP COGO: Iran Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images [1]
| 9855950137 | supreme leader | In Iran, the head of the judiciary is appointed by the _____ _____. | 0 | |
| 9855950138 | Iran | ____ and China share this institutional arrangement: A national assembly with only limited powers to oversee the executive and enact laws. | 1 | |
| 9855950139 | veto | The Guardian Council and the Supreme Leader have ____ power over legislation passed by the Islamic Consultative Assembly (Majlis/Legislature) | 2 | |
| 9855950140 | clerics | In Iran, the concept of jurist guardianship states that senior _____ have authority over the entire community. | 3 | |
| 9855950141 | nonviolent | Best characterizes the Iranian Revolution: A short, relatively _____ upheaval supported by the middle class | 4 | |
| 9855950142 | theocracy | a state dominated by the clergy, who rule on the grounds that they are the only interpreters of God's will and law. | 5 | |
| 9855950143 | sharia | Islamic law derived mostly from the Qur'an and the examples set by the Prophet Muhammad. | 6 | |
| 9855950144 | Mahmoud Ahmadinejad | President of Iran from 2005-2013 (background in higher ed/local govt. instead of theology - he emphasized social justice, religious piety, and confrontation with the West) |  | 7 |
| 9855950146 | Assembly of Experts | Elected body of 86 members that chooses the supreme leader (men/Islamic scholars) (8 yr terms) (difficult to say how powerful a role this body will play once Khamenei passes away) | 8 | |
| 9855950147 | ayatollah | In Shiite Islam, a title in the religious hierarchy achieved by scholars who have demonstrated highly advanced knowledge of Islamic law and religion | 9 | |
| 9855950148 | Basij | "People's militia," which serves as a public morals police (boys who fought against Iraq...) | 10 | |
| 9855950149 | bonyads | Parastatal foundations made in part from assets nationalized after the Iranian Revolution | 11 | |
| 9855950150 | chief justice | Head of the judiciary | 12 | |
| 9855950151 | Expediency Council | Appointed body that mediates between the Majlis and the Guardian Council over legislative disputes | 13 | |
| 9855950152 | Farsi | Language of Iran: | 14 | |
| 9855950153 | Guardian Council | Appointed body that vets candidates for office and can overturn legislation (limits Majlis) (12 members/6yr terms) (6 lawyers nominated by chief justice and by Majlis, and 6 clerics appointed by supreme leader) | 15 | |
| 9855950154 | Imams | Descendants of the Prophet Muhammad considered by Shia to be true political and religious leaders of Islam | 16 | |
| 9855950155 | Iran-Iraq War | The 1980-88 conflict between the two countries, started by Iraq | 17 | |
| 9855950156 | Islamic Republic of Iran | Name for post-revolutionary Iran: | 18 | |
| 9855950157 | Islamism (or Islamic fundamentalism) | The belief that Islam should be the source of the political regime: | 19 | |
| 9855950158 | Khamenei, Ali | Current supreme leader of Iran, as of 1989: |  | 20 |
| 9855950159 | Khatami, Mohammad | President of Iran from 1997 to 2005 |  | 21 |
| 9855950160 | Khomeini, Ruhollah | First supreme leader of Iran, from 1980 to his death in 1989 |  | 22 |
| 9855950162 | Majlis | Legislature of Iran: | 23 | |
| 9855950163 | Mosaddeq, Mohammad | Prime Minister of Iran; deposed in 1953 by Operation Ajax |  | 24 |
| 9855950164 | National Front | Political party in Iran following WWII; it opposed the monarchy and favored greater Iranian control over natural resources; outlawed after Operation Ajax | 25 | |
| 9855950165 | Operation Ajax | U.S.-and UK-backed overthrow of Iranian prime minister Mosaddeq in 1953: | 26 | |
| 9855950166 | Pahlavi, Reza Shah | Monarch of Iran from 1925 to 1941 |  | 27 |
| 9855950167 | Persia | Name for Iran before 1935 | 28 | |
| 9855950169 | Rafsanjani, Akbar Hashemi | President of Iran from 1989 to 1997, current head of the Expediency Council (rival to Khameinei) |  | 29 |
| 9855950170 | Revolutionary Guard | Paramilitary force charged with defending the regime from domestic and internal enemies | 30 | |
| 9855950171 | SAVAK | Secret police of pre-revolutionary Iran (the Shah) | 31 | |
| 9855950173 | Shiism | Minority sect of Islam that differs with Sunnism over the proper descendants of the prophet Muhammad (the Mahdi will come) | 32 | |
| 9855950174 | supreme leader | Chief spiritual and political leader of Iran | 33 | |
| 9855950175 | theocracy | Rule by religion or religious leaders | 34 | |
| 9855950177 | Rule by Islamic jurists; also, Islamic Republic's political system, which places power in the hands of clerics | velayat-e faqih | 35 | |
| 9855950178 | White Revolution | Policy of reforms enacted by Reza Shah, beginning in 1963, to rapidly modernize and Westernize Iran | 36 | |
| 9855950180 | Single-member and multi-member district majoriy | Electoral system for lower house: | 37 | |
| 9855950182 | supreme court | Chief judicial body: | 38 | |
| 9855950183 | chief justice | The apex of the judiciary: a single figure qualified in Sharia law (cleric) and appointed by the supreme leader. Appoints/removes judges. | 39 | |
| 9855950185 | half | Iran's population is young, with nearly ___ the population less than 30 yrs old. | 40 | |
| 9855950207 | Khomeini | When Iranian students occupied the American embassy and held Americans hostage, _____ used the crisis to install his hard line supporters in nearly all positions of authority. | 41 | |
| 9855950221 | Ulema | The Qajars gave the Muslim clergy, the ___, political power. | 42 | |
| 9855950222 | Tudeh | The Iranian Communist party (post WWII) (Mosaddeq led this party) | 43 |