APES Population Flashcards

8283620292	Demography	the study of human populations and population trends	0
8283620293	Demographers	scientists in the field of demography	1
8283620294	Immigration	the movement of people into a country or region, having come from another country or region	2
8283620295	Emigration	the movement of people out of a country or region, to settle in another country or region	3
8283620296	Crude Birth Rate	the number of births per 1000 individuals per year	4
8283620297	Crude Death Rate	the number of deaths per 1000 individuals per year	5
8283620298	Total Fertility Rate (TFR)	an estimate of the average number of children that each woman in a population will bear throughout her childbearing years	6
8283620299	Replacement-Level Fertility	the total fertility rate required to offset the average number of deaths in a population in order to maintain the current population size	7
8283620300	Developed Countries	countries with relatively high levels of industrialization and income	8
8283620301	Developing Countries	countries with relatively low levels of industrialization and income	9
8283620302	Life Expectancy	the average number of years that an infant born in a particular year in a particular country can be expected to live, given the current average life span and death rate in that country	10
8283620303	Infant Mortality Rate	the number of deaths of children under 1 year of age per 1000 live births	11
8283620304	Child Mortality Rate	the number of deaths of children under age 5 per 1000 live births	12
8283620305	Age Structure Diagrams	diagrams that show the numbers of individuals within each age category, typically expressed for males and females separately	13
8283620306	Population Pyramid	an age structure diagram that is widest at the bottom and smallest at the top, typical of developing countries	14
8283620307	Population Momentum	continued population growth that does not slow in response to growth reduction measures	15
8283620308	Demographic Transition	the theory that as a country moves from a subsistence economy to industrialization and increased affluence it undergoes a predictable shift in population growth	16
8283620309	Family Planning	the practice of regulating the number or spacing of offspring through the use of birth control	17
8283620310	Affluence	the state of having plentiful wealth; the possession of money, goods, or property	18
8283620311	IPAT Equation	Impact = Population x Affluence x Technology	19
8283620312	Urban Area	an area that contains more than 385 people per square kilometer (1000 people per square mile)	20
8283620313	Gross Domestic Product (GDP)	a measure of the value of all products and services produced in a country in a year	21
8283620314	doubling time	the number of years it takes for a population to double	22
8283620315	rule of 70	doubling time in years=70/ growth rate in %	23
8283620316	net migration rate	the difference between immigration and emigration in a giver year per 1000 people	24
8283620317	phase 1: pre modern	a phase when slow population growth, population is at a nearly steady state, before a country has modernized, CBR=CDR	25
8283620318	phase 2: early expanding	a phase when there is rapid population growth, as a country modernizes, population momentum, CBR is greater than CDR	26
8283620319	phase 3: late expanding	a phase when the population begins to stabilize, increasing urbanization, almost developed	27
8283620320	phase 4: post-industrial	the phase when there is stable population growth, a larger amount of the population is elderly, developed countries, CDR higher than CBR	28
8283620321	phase 5: declining	CBR	29