AP Psychology Famous Psychologists Flashcards

Famous psychologists (and their most known accomplishments) that you should know for the AP Psychology Exam.

9859783142	Mary Ainsworth	Studied attachment in infants using the "strange situation" model. Label infants "secure", "insecure" (etc.) in attachment	0
9859783143	Solomon Asch	Conducted famous conformity experiment that required subjects to match lines.	1
9859783144	Albert Bandura	Famous for the Bobo Doll experiments on observational learning & influence in the Socio-Cognitive Perspective	2
9859783145	Alfred Binet	Created first intelligence test for Parisian school children	3
9859783146	Thomas Bouchard	Studied identical twins separated at birth	4
9859783147	Noam Chomsky	Created concept of "universal grammar"	5
9859783148	Hermann Ebbinghaus	Memorized nonsense syllables in early study on human memory	6
9859783149	Erik Erikson	Known for his 8-stage theory of Psychosocial Development	7
9859783150	Sigmund Freud	Developed psychoanalysis; considered to be "father of modern psychiatry"	8
9859783151	John Garcia	studied taste aversion in rats; led to knowledge that sickness and taste preferences can be conditioned	9
9859783152	Harry Harlow	Studied attachment in monkeys with artificial mothers	10
9859783153	William James	created Functionalist school of thought; early American psychology teacher/philosopher	11
9859783154	Lawrence Kohlberg	Famous for his theory of moral development in children; made use of moral dilemmas in assessment	12
9859783155	Elizabeth Loftus	Her research on memory construction and the misinformation effect created doubts about the accuracy of eye-witness testimony	13
9859783156	Abraham Maslow	Humanistic psychologist known for his "Hierarchy of Needs" and the concept of "self-actualization"	14
9859783157	Stanley Milgram	Conducted "shocking" (Ha!) experiments on obedience	15
9859783158	Ivan Pavlov	Described process of classical conditioning after famous experiments with dogs	16
9859783159	Jean Piaget	Known for his theory of cognitive development in children	17
9859783160	Carl Rogers	Developed "client-centered" therapy	18
9859783161	Stanley Schachter	Developed "Two-Factor" theory of emotion; experiments on spillover effect	19
9859783162	B.F. Skinner	Described process of operant conditioning	20
9859783163	Edward Thorndike	Famous for "law of effect" and research on cats in "puzzle boxes"	21
9859783164	John Watson	Early behaviorist; famous for the "Little Albert" experiments on fear conditioning	22
9859783165	Benjamin Lee Whorf	Famous for describing concept of "liguistic determinism"	23
9859783166	William Wundt	Conducted first psychology experiments in first psych laboratory	24
9859783167	Philip Zimbardo	Conducted Stanford Prison experiment	25
9859783168	Hans Selye	(Accidentally) described General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)	26
9859783169	Karen Horney	Neo-Freudian; offered feminist critique of Freud's theory	27
9859783170	Martin Seligman	Conducted experiments with dogs that led to the concept of "learned helplessness"	28
9859783171	Alfred Adler	Neo-Freudian; introduced concept of "inferiority complex" and stressed the importance of birth order	29
9859783172	Albert Ellis	Developed "rational emotive behavior therapy" (REBT)	30
9859783173	Aaron Beck	Developed cognitive-behavior therapy	31
9859783174	Gordon Allport	Founder of Trait Theory	32
9859783175	Phineas Gage	his survival of a horrible industrial accident taught us about the role of the frontal lobes (okay, he's not really a psychologist...)	33
9859783176	Mary Whiton Calkins	first female president of the APA (1905); a student of William James; denied the PhD she earned from Harvard because of her sex (later, posthumously, it was granted to her)	34
9859783177	Charles Darwin	his idea, that the genetic composition of a species can be altered through natural selection, has had a lasting impact on psychology through the evolutionary perspective	35
9859783178	Dorothea Dix	American activist who successfully pressured lawmakers to construct & fund asylums for the mentally ill	36
9859783179	G. Stanley Hall	First american to work for Wundt; Founded the American Psychological Association (now largest organization of psychologists in the USA) and became first president	37
9859783180	Margaret Floy Washburn	First female to be awarded a PhD in psychology; 2nd female president of the APA (1921)	38
9859783181	Paul Broca	the part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscles involved in speech was named for him, because he first identified it	39
9859783182	Carl Wernicke	an area of the brain (in the left temporal lobe) involved in language comprehension and expression was named for him because he discovered it	40
9859783183	Michael Gazzaniga	Conducted the "HE-ART" experiments with split brain patients	41
9859783184	Roger Sperry	like Gazzaniga, studied split brain patients; showed that left/right hemispheres have different functions	42
9859783185	Gustav Fechner	early German psychologist credited with founding psychophysics	43
9859783186	David Hubel & Torsten Weisel	two Nobel prize winning neuroscientists who demonstrated the importance of "feature detector" neurons in visual perception	44
9859783187	Ernst Weber	best known for "Weber's Law", the notion that the JND magnitude is proportional to the stimulus magnitude	45
9859783188	Ernest Hilgard	famous for his hypnosis research & the theory that a "hidden observer" theory	46
9859783189	Edward Tolman	researched rats' use of "cognitive maps"	47
9859783190	Wolfgang Kohler	considered to be the founder of Gestalt Psychology	48
9859783191	George A. Miller	made famous the phrase: "the magical number 7, plus or minus 2" when describing human memory	49
9859783192	Alfred Kinsey	his research described human sexual behavior and was controversial (for its methodology & findings)	50
9859783193	Diana Baumrind	her theory of parenting styles had three main types (permissive, authoratative, & authoritarian)	51
9859783194	Lev Vygotsky	founder of "Social Development Theory" (note: not "social learning theory" OR "psychosocial" development...); emphasizes importace of More Knowledge Others (MKO) and the Zone of Proximal Development	52
9859783195	Konrad Lorenz	won Nobel prize for research on imprinting	53
9859783196	Carl Jung	neo-Freudian who created concept of "collective unconscious" and wrote books on dream interpretation	54
9859783197	Paul Costa & Robert McCrae	creators of the "Big Five" model of personality traits	55
9859783198	Francis Galton	interested in link between heredity and intelligence; founder of the eugenics movement	56
9859783199	Howard Gardner	best known for his theory of "multiple intelligences"	57
9859783200	Charles Spearman	creator of "g-factor", or general intelligence, concept	58
9859783201	Robert Sternberg	creator of "successful intelligence" theory (3 types)	59
9859783202	Lewis Terman	advocate of intelligence testing in US; developed Standford-Binet test and oversaw army's use of intelligence testing during WWI	60
9859783203	David Weschler	Developer of WAIS and WISC intelligence tests	61
9859783204	Mary Cover Jones	"Mother of behavior therapy"; used classical conditioning to help "Peter" overcome fear of rabbits	62
9859783205	Joseph Wolpe	Described use of systematic desensitization to treat phobias	63
9859783206	Leon Festinger	Described concept of cognitive dissonance	64
9859783207	Paul Ekman	Interested in the universality of facial expressions: facial expressions carry same meaning regardless of culture, context, or language. Use of microexpressions to detect lying.	65
9859783208	William Masters & Virginia Johnson	Used direct observation and experimentation to study sexual response cycle (4 stages)	66
9859783209	Raymond Cattell	Intelligence: fluid & crystal intelligence; personality testing: 16 Personality Factors (16PF personality test)	67
9859783210	Edward Bradford Titchener	Student of Wundt and founder of structuralism. Used introspection to search for the mind's structural elements.	68
9859783211	Little Albert	Famous baby classically conditioned to fear furry creatures	69