AP ECOLOGY---54 Flashcards

4847691803	competition	community interaction where both are negatively affected -/-	0
4847700284	predation	community interaction where the predator benefits but the prey loses +/-	1
4847711498	symbiosis	general term for two species living closely together	2
4847713409	mutualism	type of symbiosis where both benefit	3
4847716573	parasitism	type of symbiosis where the host is harmed +/-	4
4847719980	commensalism	type of symbiosis where one benefits and the other neither benefits nor is harmed +/o	5
4847725865	competitive exclusion principle	state no two species can share the same niche	6
4847727911	resource partitioning	when similar species separate in to separate zones so both can exist there	7
4847736281	character displacement	when a variety of traits evolve in a species	8
4847743356	sympatric	together-not separated physically	9
4847745313	allopatric	separated physically	10
4847746785	cryptic coloration	camouflage	11
4847748657	aposematic coloration	bright colors in a harmful animal to warn predators to stay away	12
4847756147	batesian mimicry	when a harmless species mimics a harmful organism's appearance	13
4847760138	mullerian mimicry	when both unfavorable species mimic each other to magnify their warning effect	14
4847766845	species richness	total # of species in area	15
4847769062	relative abundance	proportions of each species in area	16
4847773493	species diversity	includes BOTH species richness and relative abundance	17
4847778181	energetic hypothesis	states food chains can not be too long due to inefficient energy transfer (10%)	18
4847783140	dynamic stability model	states food chains can not be too long because longer chains are less stable	19
4847785955	bottom up controls	abiotic factors at bottom of food chain affect the top	20
4847817195	top down controls	predator influence trickle down food chain	21
4847883643	dominant species	species with the highest biomass in community	22
4847889646	keystone species	species that has a special ecological role in the community	23
4847893234	foundation species	keystone species that affects community by physically changing the ecosystem	24
4847898732	facilitators	when a foundation species positively affects survival of many other species (Junco grass)	25
4847908761	intermediate disturbance hypothesis	states that moderate levels of disturbance are best for species diversity	26
4847913131	ecological succession	sequence of changes after a disturbance to the ecosystem	27
4847915151	primary succession	occurs when there is no soil	28
4847918272	secondary succession	occurs after a fire	29
4847921092	Glacier Bay	great place to study secondary succession as glaciers retreat	30
4847929861	Island Equilibrium Model	states there are more species on islands that are larger and closer to mainland	31