AP Flashcards

8809386167	Trans-Oceanic Trade		0
8809390354	Columbian Exchange	The transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Western and Eastern hemispheres.	1
8809393157	Mercantillism	belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism.	2
8809393158	Triangular Trade	European trade between the Americas, Africa, and Europe involving slaves and other goods	3
8809396603	Middle Passage	the leg of the triangular trade route on which slaves were transported from Africa to the Americas	4
8809402307	Caravel	A small, easily steerable ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in their explorations	5
8809404599	Cartography	science or art of making maps	6
8809413358	Joint-Stock companies	businesses in which investors pool their wealth to sponsor a voyage and set up a colony. Then if that colony is profitable, they each receive some of the money	7
8809416850	East India Companies	British, French, and Dutch trading companies; monopolies trade to India and Asia	8
8809425656	Royal African Company	Chartered in 1660s to establish a monopoly over the slave trade among British merchants	9
8809425657	Amerindians	the group of people that were present in the Americas prior to the arrival of Europeans	10
8809429807	Vodun	African religious ideas and practices among descendants of African slaves in Haiti.	11
8809429808	Christopher Columbus	He mistakenly discovered the Americas in 1492 while searching for a faster route to India.	12
8809431943	Magellan	Portuguese navigator in the service of Spain This was the first person to lead an expedition that circumnavigated the world	13
8809431944	Vasco da Gama	four armed merchant ships bound for India. His return Voyage was especially difficult less than half his crew made it back to Portugal	14
8809435021	Zheng He	A Chinese admiral and diplomat who voyaged overseas to promote trade and collect tribute during the Ming dynasty	15
8809437419	Chattel Slavery	` Absolute legal ownership of another person, including the right to buy or sell that person.	16
8809437420	El Mina	Most important of the early Portuguese trading factories in the forest zone of Africa	17
8809440709	Gun-Slave cycle	Slave-gun cycle describes the cycle when viewed from the perspective of Africans, being. initiated by political and economic ambitions that drive them to exchange slaves for the latest. military technology which is used to capture more slaves.	18
8809440710	Plantation Economy	slaves brought to the country to work on plantations, slave labor was used to harvest and maintain cash crops	19
8809444510	Indentured servitude	former slaves go work on a foreign country for landowners -> could be freed after x amount of years	20
8809444511	Encomienda System	the right to demand labor or tribute from Native Americans in a particular area.	21
8809460836	Hacienda System	similar to the feudal system, Natives got money and had to buy their products from their owners	22
8810486852	Mita system	economic system in Incan society where people paid taxes with their labor and what they produced	23
8809460837	Peninsulares	Spanish-born, came to Latin America; ruled, highest social class.	24
8809463384	Creoles	a person of mixed European and black descent, especially in the Caribbean.	25
8809465659	Mestizos	People of mixed Indian and European heritage, notably in Mexico.	26
8809465660	Mulattos	a person of mixed white and black ancestry, especially a person with one white and one black parent.	27
8809468217	Sociedad de castas	Spanish American social system based on racial origins	28
8809471715	Cape Colony	South African land settled by Dutch colonists called Boers in the 1600s and 1700s	29
8809471716	Boers	Dutch people who settled in Cape Town, Africa, and eventually migrated inland	30
8809471717	Great trek	A migration of Dutch colonists out of British-controlled territory in South Africa during the 1830s.	31
8809475865	Potosi	silver mine in South America (modern day Bolivia), very large, required many slaves	32
8809503479	Manchus	Federation of Northeast Asian (from Manchuria) peoples who founded the Qing Empire.	33
8809509297	Ming Dynasty	1368-1644 CE Chinese dynasty in which Chinese rule was restored; held power from 1368 to 1644	34
8809509298	Tokugawa shogunate	Japanese ruling dynasty that strove to isolate it from foreign influences A dynasty of shoguns that ruled a unified Japan from 1603 to 1867	35
8809512413	Asante kingdom	kingdom that emerged in the 1700s in present-day Ghana and was active in the slave trade	36
8809566527	Dahomey kingdom	An African kingdom that existed from about 1600 until 1894, when the last king, Béhanzin, was defeated by the French, and the country was annexed into the French colonial empire.	37
8809566528	The Zulu	This Bantu speaking group became powerful in the early 1800s in the Southern part of Africa	38
8809566748	Conquistadors	Early-sixteenth-century Spanish adventurers who conquered Mexico, Central America, and Peru.	39
8809587738	7 years war	a global conflict in that it took place in several distinct geographic theaters Europe India the Caribbean and North America	40
8809593681	French and Indian war	A series of military engagements between Britain and France in North America between 1754 and 1763.	41
8809596581	Treaty of Tordesillas	treaty signed between Spain and Portugal in 1494 which divided the non-European world between them	42
8809599641	Treaty of Zaragosa	A treaty signed by Portugal and Spain to divided up Asia.	43
8809601492	Council of the Indies	guided royal policy and served as the highest court for colonial affairs	44
8809601493	Viceroyaltises	representatives for the Spanish king in Mexico City and Lima	45
8809606024	Japan's Closed Country policy	Japans period of Isolation to not let outside influences corrupt their tradition. Only interacted with the Dutch and China	46