AP Flashcards

Musculoskeletal system terms

7790246348	Periosteum	Outtermost layer of bone, fibrous tissue	0
7790246349	compact bone	Dense, hard layers of bone that lay underneath periosteum	1
7790246350	cancellous (spongy) bone	Small spaces like a sponge, encased in layers of bone	2
7790246351	Endosteum	membranous lining of the hollow cavity of the bone	3
7790246352	Diaphysis	shaft of a long bone	4
7790246353	Epiphysis	End of a long bone	5
7790246354	bone marrow	material found in the cavities of bones	6
7790246355	Maxilla	upper jaw bone	7
7790246356	Mandible	lower jaw bone	8
7790246357	vertebral column	Made up of vertebrae through which spinal cord runs	9
7790246358	Sacrum	Following lumbar,Fused together, tail end of spine	10
7790246359	Coccyx	4 fused vertebrae, tail bone	11
7790246360	Lamina	part of the vertebral arch	12
7790246361	Clavicle	Collar bone (2)	13
7790246362	Scapula	shoulder blade (2)	14
7790246363	Sternum	breastbone (2)	15
7790246364	Humerus	upper arm bone (2)	16
7790246365	Ulna	Inner forearm bone (2)	17
7790246366	Radius	Bone in forearm "on the thumb side", larger in the proximal forearm. (2)	18
7790246367	Phalanges	(28) fingers	19
7790246368	Metacarpals	hand bones (10)	20
7790246369	Carpals	wrist bones (16)	21
7790246370	Pelvic bones	3 pairs FUSED together Illium (2), ischium(2), pubis(2)	22
7790246371	Illium	hip bone, upper wing	23
7790246372	Ischium	Lower portion (sit on)	24
7790246373	Pubis	Anterior portion of pelvic bones	25
7790246374	Femur	upper leg bone, thigh (2)	26
7790246375	Patella	Knee cap (2)	27
7790246376	Tibia	Inner (together) bone (2)	28
7790246377	Fibula	The lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg (2)	29
7790246378	Tarsals	ankle bones (4)	30
7790246379	Metatarsals	Foot bones (10)	31
7790246380	Phalanges (toes)	Toes (28)	32
7790246381	Joint	Holds bones together and make movement possible	33
7790246382	articular cartilage	Smooth layer of gristle covering contacting surface of joints	34
7790246383	Meniscus	crescent-shaped cartilage found in the knee	35
7790246384	Intervertebral disk	Cartilaginous pad found between the vertebrae in the spine	36
7790246385	Pubis symphysis	Cartilaginous joint at which two pubic bones fuse together	37
7790246386	Xyphoid Process	bottom of sternum (breastbone)	38
7790246387	Synovia	Fluid secreted by synovial membrane, found in joint cavities (helps ease of movement)	39
7790246388	Bursa	fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over another	40
7790246389	Ligament	Flexible, tough band of fibrous c. tissue, attaches one bone to another joint	41
7790246390	Tendon	band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone	42
7790246391	aponeurosis	Strong sheet of tissue that acts as a tendon to attach muscles to bones	43
7790246392	Skeletal muscles (striated)	Attached to bones by tendons,make movement possible. Produce action by working in pairs. Aka: voluntary muscles because we have control over these muscles	44
7790246393	smooth muscles (unstriated)	Located in internal organs such as walls of blood vessels and digestive tract. Aka involuntary muscles: respond to impulses for the autonomic nerves, not controlled voluntarily	45
7790246394	cardiac muscles	Forms most of heart wall, involuntary contraction produces heart beat	46
7790246395	Abduction	Away from body	47
7790246396	Adduction	Toward body (midline)	48
7790246397	Inversion	Turning inward	49
7790246398	Eversion	Turning outward	50
7790246399	Extension	Straight out	51
7790246400	Flexion	bending	52
7790246401	Pronation	Palms down	53
7790246402	Supination	Palms up	54
7790246403	Rotation	Turning on own axis (shoulders)	55
7790246404	carp/o	carpals (wrist bones)	56
7790246405	clavic/o, clavicul/o	clavicle (collarbone)	57
7790246406	cost/o	Rib	58
7790246407	crani/o	Skull	59
7790246408	femor/o	femur	60
7790246409	fibul/o	fibula (lower leg bone)	61
7790246410	humer/o	Humerus	62
7790246411	ili/o	Ilium	63
7790246412	ischi/o	ischium	64
7790246413	lumb/o	loin, lumbar region of the spine	65
7790246414	mandibul/o	mandible	66
7790246415	maxill/o	maxilla	67
7790246416	patell/o	patella	68
7790246417	pelv/i, pelv/o	Pelvis	69
7790246418	phalang/o	phalanges	70
7790246419	pub/o	pubis	71
7790246420	rachi/o, spondyl/o, vertebr/o	vertebra, spine, vertebral column	72
7790246421	radi/o	radius	73
7790246422	sacr/o	sacrum	74
7790246423	scapul/o	scapula	75
7790246424	stern/o	sternum	76
7790246425	tars/o	tarsals	77
7790246426	tibi/o	tibia	78
7790246427	uln/o	Ulna	79
7790246428	aponeur/o	Aponeurosis	80
7790246429	arthr/o	joint	81
7790246430	burs/o	bursa	82
7790246431	chrondr/o	cartilage	83
7790246432	disk/o	intervertebral disk	84
7790246433	menisc/o	meniscus	85
7790246434	synovi/o	synovia, synovial membrane	86
7790246435	ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o	tendon	87
7790246436	ankyl/o	stiff, bent	88
7790246437	kinesi/o	movement, motion	89
7790246438	kyph/o	hump	90
7790246439	lamin/o	lamina	91
7790246440	lord/o	Bent forward, sway back	92
7790246441	myel/o	bone marrow	93
7790246442	my/o myos/o	muscle	94
7790246443	oste/o	bone	95
7790246444	Petr/o	Stone	96
7790246445	scoli/o	crooked, curved	97
7790246446	Inter- (prefix)	between	98
7790246447	supra- (prefix)	above	99
7790246517	sym-, syn- (prefix)	together, joined	100
7790246518	-asthenia (suffix)	Weakness	101
7790246519	-clasia, -clasis, -clast	break	102
7790246520	-desis	surgical fixation, fusion	103
7790246521	-physis	Growth	104
7790246522	-schisis	split, fissure	105
7790246523	ankylosis	Abnormal stiffening and immobility of a joint.	106
7790246524	Athritis	Inflammation of joints	107
7790246525	Bursitis	inflammation of the bursa	108
7790246526	Chodromalacia	Softening of cartilage	109
7790246527	cranioschisis	fissure of the cranium (skull)	110
7790246528	diskitis	inflammation of an intervertebral disk	111
7790246529	fibromyalgia	pain in the fibrous tissues and muscles	112
7790246530	kyphosis (hunch back)	(hunch back) posterior thoracic curvature	113
7790246531	Lordosis	abnormal condition of bending forward	114
7790246532	maxillitis	inflammation of the maxilla	115
7790246533	meniscitis	inflammation of a meniscus	116
7790246534	Myasthenia	Muscle weakness	117
7790246535	Myeloma	Tumor of bone marrow	118
7790246536	Osteitis	Inflammation of bone	119
7790246537	Osteoarthritis	inflammation of the bone and joint	120
7790246538	osteochrondritis	Inflammation of bone and cartilage	121
7790246539	osteofibroma	tumor of the bone and fibrous tissue	122
7790246540	osteomalacia	softening of the bone	123
7790246541	Osteomyelitis	Inflammation of bone and bone marrow	124
7790246542	osteopenia	abnormal reduction of bone mass	125
7790246543	Osteosarcoma	malignant tumor of the bone	126
7790246544	polymyositis	inflammation of many muscles	127
7790246545	rachischisis (spina bifida)	fissure of the vertebral column	128
7790246546	rhabdomyolysis "rhabdo"	dissolution of striated muscle (breaking down)	129
7790246547	Scoliosis	abnormal lateral curvature of the spine	130
7790246548	Spondylarthritis	Inflammation of vertebrae joint	131
7790246549	Spondylosis	Abnormal condition of vertebrae	132
7790246550	Synoviosarcoma	malignant tumor of the synovial membrane	133
7790246551	tendinitis	Inflammation of tendon	134
7790246552	tenosynovitis	inflammation of the tendon and synovial membrane	135
7790246553	ankylosing spondylitis	Form of arthritis, first effects spine and adjacent structures, as progresses can cause forward bend	136
7790246554	Bunion (spur)	Abnormal prominence of joint at base of great toe	137
7790246555	carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)	Nerve entrapment disorder of wrists caused by compression of medial nerve	138
7790246556	Colles fracture	Wrist fracture, fx @ distal end of radius, distal fragment being displaced backwards	139
7790246557	exostosis	abnormal benign growth on the surface of a bone (spur)	140
7790246558	fracture (fx)	broken bone	141
7790246559	Gout	excessive uric acid in blood causing sodium irate crystals in joints producing inflammation of the great toe	142
7790246560	Herniated disc	Rupture of invertebral disk cartilage (slipped disc, ruptured disc)	143
7790246561	Lyme disease	Infection caused by bacteria carried by a deer tick	144
7790246562	spinal stenosis	Narrowing of spinal canal	145
7790246563	spondylolisthesis	Forward slipping of one vertebrae over another	146
7790246564	Osteoporosis	A condition in which the body's bones become weak and break easily.	147
7790246565	myasthenia gravis (MG)	Chronic disease characterized by muscle weakness and thought to be caused by defect in transmission of impulses from nerve to muscle	148
7790246566	muscular dystrophy (MD)	Hereditary disease characterized by degeneration of muscle and weakness	149
7790246567	arthrocentesis	surgical puncture of a joint to aspirated fluid	150
7790246568	arthroplasty	surgical repair of a joint	151
7790246569	carpectomy	excision of a carpal bone	152
7790246570	crainotomy	Incision of the skull	153
7790246571	diskectomy	excision of an intervertebral disk	154
7790246572	ostectomy	surgical excision of bone	155
7790246573	Spondylosyndesis	Fusing together of vertebras (spinal fusion)	156
7790246574	vertebroplasty	surgical repair of a vertebra	157
7790246575	arthrography	MRI of a joint with contrast	158
7790246576	arthroscopy	visual examination of a joint	159
7790246577	electromyogram (EMG)	Record of the electrical activity in skeletal muscle	160
7790246578	arthralgia	pain in a joint	161
7790246579	Atrophy	without development (wasting)	162
7790246580	bradykinesia	slow movement	163
7790246581	dyskinesia	difficult movement	164
7790246582	dystrophy	abnormal development	165
7790246583	hyperkinesia	excessive movement ( overactive)	166
7790246584	Hypertrophy	excessive development	167
7790246585	Intercostal	pertaining to between the ribs	168
7790246586	Osteoblast	Development of bone cell	169
7790246587	sternoclavicular	Pertaining to sternum and clavicle	170
7790246588	subcostal	pertaining to below the ribs	171
7790246589	Crepitus	Crackling sound when two bones rub against each other	172
7790246590	orthopedics	Branch of medicine dealing with the study and treatment of disease and abnormalities of muscular and skeletal systems	173
7790246591	Orthopedist	specialist in orthopedics	174
7790246592	Orthotics	Making and fitting of orthopedic appliances (such as arch supports)	175
7790246593	Osteopath	One who specializes in osteopathy (DO)	176
7790246594	Osteopathy	System of medicine that uses the usual forms of diagnostic and treatment but places greater emphasis on the role of the relation between body organs and musculoskeletal system	177
7790246595	prosthesis	artificial substitute for a missing body part	178