AP Flashcards

6615058352	absolute path	Representation of the location of a resource on a hard disk with respect to the root or the location of a web resource using a full URL.	0
6615058353	add-on	A piece of software designed to enhance the capabilities of another piece of software.	1
6615070949	authenticate	A check to make sure that a computer or user is who/what it says it is.	2
6615072026	authoritative DNS	A server that publishes DNS data for a given domain and its subdomains.	3
6615072027	bandwidth	Measurement of the amount of data that can be transmitted through a network.	4
6615073819	cache	Data storage built into a hardware component or computer system to improve speeds by providing memory closer to the point of use.	5
6615074962	Certificate Authority	A business or organization that issues a digital certificate verifying that a given public key is owned by the entity named on the certificate.	6
6615074963	ciphertext	A string of text that has been converted to a secure form using encryption.	7
6615076377	cookie	A small piece of data stored on the client machine that can only be accessed by the server that issued it.	8
6615076378	credentials	A set of information that identifies a particular user or machine.	9
6615077527	cryptography	The study and use of techniques for securing communication.	10
6615077528	decryption	The process of converting a ciphertext into plaintext.	11
6615085900	domain	A region of the Internet that is grouped together for administrative purposes such as allocating ownership of resources.	12
6615087036	Domain Name System (DNS)	A hierarchical system for naming resources on the Internet.	13
6615087037	encryption	The process of converting plaintext to ciphertext.	14
6615087038	Ethernet	A set of protocols and computer networking technologies used for sending data over copper or glass fiber-optic cables.	15
6615088551	FTP	File Transfer Protocol uses a TCP-based network to pass files from host to host.	16
6615088552	handshake	A protocol for the beginning of an interaction.	17
6615089762	hierarchical	Hierarchical design, in which a system is designed in a tree where each member is a child or a parent element, is a strategy for creating systems that will still work if they grow many times larger.	18
6615089763	IPv4	The Internet Protocol version 4 is the dominant protocol for routing traffic on the Internet, specifying "to" and "from" addresses using a dotted decimal such as "122.45.255.0".	19
6615089764	IPv6	The Internet Protocol version 6 provides a large number of new addresses to route Internet traffic, using "from" and "to" addresses written as colon-hexadecimal notation, such as "fe80::42:acff:feaa:1bf0".	20
6615091294	ISP	Internet Service Providers make Internet access available to users.	21
6615091295	Linux	Linux is a free, open source operating system in the UNIX family of operating systems.	22
6615093082	MAC address	Each Wi-Fi and Ethernet card has a media access control address embedded in the hardware, represented as six two-digit hexadecimal numbers separated by colons, such as "34:5f:01:6d:33:ff".	23
6615093083	name server	A computer dedicated to providing responses to requests for Domain Name information.	24
6615094994	NIC	A Network Interface Card is a piece of hardware that allows a computer to connect to a network.	25
6615094995	packet	A chunk of data transmitted as a unit over a network, sometimes in smaller bursts called frames.	26
6615096719	paired keys	Two keys that are related in such a way that one can be used to encrypt data, which can then only be decrypted by the other key.	27
6615096720	parent	An element in a tree data structure that is the immediate ancestor of another element.	28
6615098198	path	An expression of the location of a resource on a computer.	29
6615098199	plaintext	Information that is readable without performing any cryptographic operations.	30
6615098200	protocol	An agreed-upon method for conducting a communication.	31
6615099582	public key encryption	A method of paired key encryption in which the key used to encrypt data is made available to anybody and its corresponding decryption key is kept secret.	32
6615099583	query	A request for information.	33
6615101499	redundancy	The property of having many resources or components which all serve identical purposes.	34
6615101500	relative path	An expression of the path to a resource on a computer with respect to the current working directory.	35
6615102643	root	n. A file system has a root directory with no parent. n. An operating system has a root user with no limits on privileges. v. To root a system is to obtain root access, i.e. the unlimited privileges of the root user.	36
6615102644	router	A piece of hardware responsible for dictating the flow of packets over a network.	37
6615102645	shell		38
6615104520	SSH		39
6615108563	SSL Certificate	A digital document used to verify the authenticity of a server or public key.	40
6615109937	substitution cipher	A method of encryption and decryption in which each letter in the alphabet is replaced by another.	41
6615109938	TCP	The transmission control protocol puts IP packets in sequence and checks for errors in transmission.	42
6615109939	TCP Handshake	The protocol by which a client and server machine establish communication for the transfer of data.	43
6615112358	TCP/IP	The dominant set of protocols for the transfer of data over the Internet.	44
6615112359	top-level domain	Domains (including .net, .org, .com, .mil. and the set .xx country codes) at the end of a domain name are the highest level of the domain name hierarchy.	45
6615114083	URL	Uniform Resource Locators are strings of characters that contain information about how to access a resource over the Internet.	46
6615117171	web crawler	A softbot responsible for following hyperlinks throughout the Internet to provide information for the creation of a web index.	47
6615115966	web index	A database that stores information about web content.	48
6615114084	WYSIWIG	Any content editor that shows how the final product will look as the user makes modifications.	49