03 Neurotransmitters AP Flashcards
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| 7483158780 | neurotransmitters | special brain chemicals that -carry an electrical charge (+/-)across the synapse -are responsible for movement, thinking and emotions -have a pathway to the brain -are made only in the neurons -are made from nutrients in the bloodstream -are precious and rare -are recycled through re-uptake | 0 | |
| 7485231252 | agonist | *mimics*: drugs and toxins that enhance neurotransmission by binding at a receptor site and stimulating a response | 1 | |
| 7485231919 | antagonist | *blocks*: drugs and toxins that inhibit neurotransmission by binding at a receptor site and inhibiting a response | 2 | |
| 7483158781 | acetylcholine (ACh) | - control of muscle movement - learning and memory - sleeping and dreaming - found in the connection between motor neurons and muscle fibers | 3 | |
| 7485752214 | too little ACh | paralysis (e.g. botulism) or decreased memory, attention (Alzheimer's disease ) | 4 | |
| 7485218728 | epinephrine | energy | 5 | |
| 7483158782 | dopamine | voluntary movement learning attention emotion | 6 | |
| 7485761989 | too little dopamine | tremors and decreased mobility (Parkinson's) | 7 | |
| 7485763375 | too much dopamine | schizophrenia, hallucinations | 8 | |
| 7483158783 | serotonin | mood, emotional state hunger sleep, dreaming arousal, aggression pain sexual behavior | 9 | |
| 7485767008 | too little serotonin | depression (antidepressants raise levels) | 10 | |
| 7483158784 | norepinephrine | -autonomic nervous system: sleep and heart rate - sexual responsiveness -control alertness -arousal -learning and memory | 11 | |
| 7485781691 | too little norepinephrine | depressed mood | 12 | |
| 7483158785 | GABA (*g*amma-*a*mino*b*utyric *a*cid) | inhibitory--slows down system the Major inhibitory neurotransmitter | 13 | |
| 7485787530 | too little GABA | epileptic seizures, tremors, insomnia | 14 | |
| 7483158786 | glutamate | excitatory--speeds up system the Major excitatory neurotransmitter learning and memory | 15 | |
| 7485793380 | too much glutamate | overstimulates brain, producing migraines, seizures or brain damage | 16 | |
| 7483158787 | endorphins | pain reduction (accupuncture) reward ("runner's high") (opiate addiction can lower natural levels) | 17 |