AMSCO AP US History Chapter 10 Flashcards
AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 10 The Age of Jackson, 1824-1844
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| 5674848035 | Indian Removal Act | In 1830, this act forced the resettlement of thousands of Native Americans west of the Mississippi. (p. 195) |  | 0 |
| 5674848036 | Cherokee Nation v. Georgia | In 1831, this Supreme Court case ruled that the Cherokees were not a foreign nation with the right to sue in a federal court. (p. 195) |  | 1 |
| 5674848037 | Worcester v. Georgia | In 1832, this Supreme Court case ruled that the laws of Georgia had no force within the Cherokee territory. However, President Jackson sided with Georgia and the decision could not be enforced without Jackson's support. (p 196) |  | 2 |
| 5674848038 | Cherokee trail of tears | In 1838, the U.S. Army forced 15,000 Cherokees to leave Georgia and march to Oklahoma. 4,000 Cherokees died on the trip. (p. 196) |  | 3 |
| 5674848039 | Bank of the United States | In 1832, President Andrew Jackson vetoed this bank's recharter bill, denouncing the bank as a private monopoly that enriched the wealthy and foreigners. (p. 197) |  | 4 |
| 5674848040 | Nicholas Biddle | During the 1830s, he was president of the Bank of the United States. (p. 197) |  | 5 |
| 5674848041 | Roger Taney | He was Andrew Jackson's secretary of Treasury. In an attempt to destroy the Bank of the United States, he transferred funds from the national bank to various state banks. (p. 198) |  | 6 |
| 5674848042 | pet banks | A term for the state banks. President Andrew Jackson was trying to destroy the Bank of the United States, so he transferred federal funds to these state banks. (p. 198) |  | 7 |
| 5674848043 | Specie Circular | To check inflationary, President Jackson issued a presidential order that required all future purchases of federal lands be made with gold or silver rather than paper bank notes. (p. 198) |  | 8 |
| 5674848044 | Panic of 1837 | Just as Martin Van Buren became the president, the country suffered a financial panic as many banks closed their doors. Many blamed on Van Whigs blamed Democrats and laissez-faire economic policies. (p. 199) |  | 9 |
| 5674848045 | Martin Van Buren | He won the 1836 presidential election as a Democratic. He had been Andrew Jackson's vice president. (p. 198) |  | 10 |
| 5674848046 | common man | Between 1824 and 1840, the middle and lower classes became more involved in politics. Several factors contributed to this including new suffrage laws, changes in political parties and campaigns, improved education, and increased newspaper circulation. (p. 192) |  | 11 |
| 5674848047 | universal white male sufferage | In the 1810s, new Western states adopted state constitutions that allowed all white males to vote and hold office. Most Eastern states soon followed suit. Voting for president rose from about 350,000 in 1824 to 2.4 million in 1840. (p. 192) |  | 12 |
| 5674848048 | party nominating convention | In the 1830s, caucuses were replaced by this public process of nominating candidates in a large hall. (p. 192) |  | 13 |
| 5674848049 | King Caucus | A closed door meeting of a political party's leaders in Congress which nominated candidates. (p. 192) |  | 14 |
| 5674848050 | popular election of president | In the 1832 presidential election, all states except South Carolina, allowed voters to choose their state's slate of presidential electors. (p. 192) |  | 15 |
| 5674888474 | third parties | while only two large parties could hope towin presidency, other parties emerged such as the Anti-Masonic party and Workingmen's party. | 16 | |
| 5674848053 | popular campaigning | Campaigns of the 1830s and 1840s featured parades and large rallies with free food and drink. (p. 193) |  | 17 |
| 5674848054 | spoils system | President Andrew Jackson appointed people to federal jobs strictly according to whether they had campaigned for the Democratic party. Previous office holders were fired and replaced with a loyal Democrat. (p. 193) |  | 18 |
| 5674848055 | rotation in office | President Andrew Jackson's policy of limiting a person to one term in office so he could then appoint a Democrat to replace them. (p. 193) |  | 19 |
| 5674848056 | Henry Clay | He was secretary of state under President John Quincy Adams. He was President Andrew Jackson's chief opponent. In 1832, he challenged Jackson by persuading Congress to pass a bank-recharter bill. (p. 197) |  | 20 |
| 5674848057 | corrupt bargain | The term that Andrew Jackson and followers called the Adams and Clay deal of the 1824 election. The House of Representatives had to choose the president and Henry Clay used his influence have John Quincy Adams elected. (p. 194) |  | 21 |
| 5674848058 | John Quincy Adams | In 1824, he was elected president. Henry Clay used his influence in the House of Representatives to provide him with enough votes to win the election. Clay was made secretary of state. (p. 194) |  | 22 |
| 5674848059 | Tariff of 1828; tariff of abominations | In 1828, during John Quincy Adams' term, Congress created a new tariff law which pleased northern manufacturers, but alienated southern planters. (p. 194) |  | 23 |
| 5674848060 | Revolution of 1828 | In the 1828 election, Andrew Jackson became president after a mudslinging campaign. Jackson was a champion of the working class and middle class (common man). p. 195) |  | 24 |
| 5674848061 | Andrew Jackson | He won the 1828 presidential election easily, winning every state west of the Appalachians. He was know as "Old Hickory" and presented himself as a comman man. (p. 195) |  | 25 |
| 5674848062 | role of the president | President Andrew Jackson presented himself as the representative of all the people and the protector of the common man against abused of power by the rich and privileged. He thought this was the role he should play. (p. 195) |  | 26 |
| 5674848064 | states' rights | President Andrew Jackson favored this form of power for the state governments. (p. 196) |  | 27 |
| 5674848065 | nullification crisis | In 1832, South Carolina passed a resolution forbidding the collection of tariffs in the state, which was nullifying a federal law at the state level. President Jackson threatened South Carolina with the use of federal troops and a compromise was reached. (p. 197) |  | 28 |
| 5674848067 | John C. Calhoun | He was Andrew Jackson's vice president, but he opposed Jackson on nullification theory. He advanced the theory that a state had the right to declare a federal law null and void. (p. 196) |  | 29 |
| 5674848069 | two-party system | This system developed in the 1820s. Supporters of Andrew Jackson were Democrats, while supporters of Henry Clay were Whigs. (p. 197) |  | 30 |
| 5674848070 | Democrats | In the 1820s, this party was led by Andrew Jackson. It harked back to the old Republican party of Thomas Jefferson. Supported: local rule, limited govt, free trade, opportunities for white males. Concerned with: monopolies, national bank, high tariffs, high land prices voter base: South and West Urban workers (p. 197) |  | 31 |
| 5674848072 | log cabin and hard cider campaign | The term for the 1840 presidential campaign. Popular war hero, William Henry Harrison was the Whig candidate. He used log cabins and hard cider to portray his down-home heritage. He attacked Martin Van Buren as an aristocrat. Harrison and John Tyler won the election. (p. 199) |  | 32 |
| 5674848071 | Whigs | In the 1820s, this party was led by Henry Clay. It was similar to the old Federalist party of Alexander Hamilton. Supported: American System of national bank, fedl funding of internal improvements, and protective tariff concerned with: immigration Voter base: New England and Mid-Atlantic states protestant of English heritage urban professionals (p. 197) |  | 33 |
| 5675013055 | Trail of Tears | force of 15,000 Cherokees out of Georgia to reservations in the West. 4,000 Cherokees died | 34 | |
| 5675030838 | bank veto | Jackson vetoed the charter of the Second National Bank because he believed it was a monopoly. It received federal deposits and attempted to serve the public by cushioning the ups and downs of the national economy. | 35 |