AP World History Midterm Flashcards

9210161820	Socrates	Great philosopher who believed that virtue was the highest good	0
9210161821	Aristotle	Student of Plato who was taught at the Academy in Alexandria, later tutor to Alexandria the Great	1
9210161822	Hellenism	Means by which non- Greek people adopted Greek language, culture, education, literature, architecture, and other customs	2
9210161823	Polybius	Greek historian eho after being deported to Rome, wrote the rise and fall of the Roman Enpire	3
9210161824	Carthage	African kingdom in modern-day Tunisia that was an economic and military rival in Rome	4
9210161825	Paterfamilias	The rldest male jn a Roman Family, and, legally the only one who could own land	5
9210161826	Augustus	Title which was awarded to Octavian Caesar, successor to Julius Caesar, by the Roman Senate; means revered	6
9210161827	Jesus	Nazarene rabbi believed bu Christians to be the Messiah, the figure eho would bring salvation to mankind	7
9210161828	Augustine	Author of the Confessions, and a prominent early Christian thinker who encouraged Christians to confess their sins	8
9210161829	Enin	Japanese Monk who traveled to China between 838 and 847 to obtain original Buddhist texts	9
9210161830	Bodhisattva	Buddhust term denoting a being headed for Buddhahood who postpones it to help others	10
9210161831	Tang Dynasty	Dynasty that was a political and cultural high point in Chinese History	11
9210161832	Empower Wu	The only female to openly rule China as Emporer	12
9210161833	Silla	Korean Kingdom that adoptef Buddhism and united with the Tang Dynasty	13
9210161834	Kana	Alphabet developed in the Ninth Century that allowed Japanese to write the pronunciation of words in Japanese	14
9210161835	Sima Qian	Author of Records of the Grand Historian, a history of China from ancient times to the first century B.C.E	15
9210161836	Oracle Bones	Earliest surviving written records in China, found on bones and Turtle Shells	16
9210161837	Mandate of Heaven	Chinese belief that Heaven generated the power to choose the rughtful ruler of China	17
9210161838	Daoism	Chinese belief system that stressed the "Way", as expressed in the Dao	18
9210161839	Qin Dynasty	The first dynasty to rule over a unified China	19
9210161840	Xiongnu	Nomadic people of Northern China who's milatary strength cane from Brilliant horsemanship	20
9210161841	Mau Pialug	Polynesian who used traditional navigation process to travel from Hawaii to Tahiti in 1976	21
9210161842	Olmec	Complex Society that developed on the Gulf of Mexico from Veracruz to Tabasco	22
9210161843	Obsidian	Volcanic glass used to make knife and weapon blades	23
9210161844	Caral	Earliest complex society in the Americas, in modern-day Peru	24
9210161845	Polynesian Triangle	Imaginary triangle linking Hawaii, Easter Island, and New Zealand	25
9210161846	Moai	Name of the 887 statues made of volcanic rock found on Easter Island	26
9210161847	Herodotus	Greek soeaking Historian, born in Helicarnassus	27
9210161848	Zoroastrianism	The first monotheistic religion, Ahura Mazda was the name of the Deity	28
9210161849	Lydian Coins	The first metal couns in the World, made from Electrum, and alloy of gold and silver	29
9210161850	Ocher	Reddish-brown iron based pigment used to color soil and decorate cave walls	30
9210161851	Mitochondrial Eve	First female ancestor shared by all living humans.	31
9210161852	Beringia	Landmass not submerged below water that connected the tip of Siberia with the eastern corner of Alaska	32
9210161853	Stratigraphy	archaeological principle that, at an undisturbed site, material from upper levels is more recent than that from lower levels	33
9210161854	Neolithic	term that means "New Stone Age"	34
9210161855	Catalhoyuk	world's largest early settlement, with a population between 5-6,000 located in modern-day Turkey	35
9210161856	Gilgamesh	name of a historic king of Uruk, subject of an Epic Poem	36
9210161857	Bronze	an alloy of copper and tin used to make the earliest metal tools	37
9210161858	Cuneiform	term, meaning wedge-shaped, the writing system of Sumer, later became completely phonetic	38
9210161859	Pharoah	god-king who ruled the unified kingdom of Egypt	39
9210161860	Papyrus	convenient but perishable writing material made from a reed that grew along the Nile	40
9210161861	Jew	term that originally identified a person as from Judea, eventually applied to anyone that was Hebrew	41
9210161862	Dharma	Sanskirt term meaning correct conduct	42
9210161863	Sanskirt	language, belonging to the Indo-European language family, spoken by Indo-Aryans	43
9210161864	Jati	term that is used to refer to a "subcaste" in modern-day India	44
9210161865	Nirvana	Sanskirt term that means "extinction," used to refer to a person who followed Buddhism and reached ultimate understanding	45
9210161866	Chakravartin	turner of the wheel, a Buddhist term for the ideal ruler who patronized Buddhism but never became a monk	46
9210161867	Dhows	small sailboats used in the Indian Ocean	47
9210161868	Muhammed	Believed by the Muslims to be the last prophet of God, who received God's revelation directly from the Angel Gabriel	48
9210161869	Hajj	A pilgrimage to Mecca by all Muslims in their lifetime who could afford the trip	49
9210161870	Quran	the book believed by Muslims to be the direct word of God as revealed to Muhammed	50
9210161871	Sunni	larger of the two Muslim groups that formed after the death of the fourth Caliph, Sunni Ali	51
9210161872	Astrolabe	navigational instrument that was invented/developed by Muslims and was used the world over	52
9210161873	Maghrib	African coastal region facing the Mediterranean whose residents largely converted to Islam in the 1100s	53
9210161874	Al-Bakari	Muslim geographer based in Cordoba, Spain; whose Book of Routes and Realms, is one of the first written resources about Africa	54
9210161875	Byzantine Empire	eastern half of the Roman Empire after the loss of the Western Half in 476	55
9210161876	Plague	refers to Bubonic and Pneumonic Plague, both caused by Pasturella Pestis	56
9210161877	Iconoclasts	members of a movement calling for the destruction of images of Jesus, Mary, and the Saints, as they were believed to violate the Second Commandment against graven images	57
9210161878	Merovingian Dynasty	Frankish Dynasty in modern-day France and Germany, whose founder Clovis. converted to Christianity and ruled as a war-band leader	58
9210161879	Danelaw	region including most of Northern and Eastern England, over which Scandinavians maintained control	59
9210161880	Skraelings	term the Vinland Sagas for Americans living on the coast of Canada and possibly Maine	60
9210161881	Australia	Where were Mungo Man and Woman found?	61
9210161882	Isolation and Independence	What is so important about the settlement and development of people in Australia?	62
9210161883	We all have one common ancestor- Mitochondria Eve	What have we learned from Recent DNA studies in Evidence?	63
9210161884	Monte Verde, Chile	What is the most important site of ancient culture in the Americas?	64
9210161885	a footprint	What evidence of human population was found at Monte Verde?	65
9210161886	speech	What was required for Long-Distance migration to be affected?	66
9210161887	A surplus of agriculture	What is required to develop a large, complex urban centers?	67
9210161888	Empire	What was the great accomplishment of Sargon of Akkad?	68
9210161889	Evidence of large city walls (Jericho)	What evidence is there that the Hebrews formed a complex society between 1000 and 900 BCE?	69
9210161890	it was a better option than their water	What is the best explanation that Mesopotamians drank Beer?	70
9210161891	specialized labor, political structure, class system	What are the defining characteristics of a complex society?	71
9210161892	none of them were slaves	What is the greatest characteristic of the workers who were responsible for working on the Pyramids of Egypt?	72
9210161893	be a scribe	How could a person hope to achieve upward mobility in Egypt?	73
9210161894	he was shocked by the level of violence	What was the reason Ashoka felt remorse after the battle of Kalinga?	74
9210161895	The written language has not been deciphered	Why do we have little knowledge of Harappan Society?	75
9210161896	There is no evidence that Buddhism spread outside of India	What is the problem with Ashoka's claim that he spread Buddhism outside the borders of India during his reign?	76
9210161897	Appointed local rulers to oversee operations	How did Indian rulers approach exercising control over their ceremonial states?	77
9210161898	he witnessed the world's suffering	What was the reason Siddhartha left home, his wife, and child to wander the world and search for answers?	78
9210161899	plumbing, running water, and waste disposal	What feature, which was a rare one, was provided for the citizens of Harappan city-states?	79
9210161900	proximity to the ocean	Rainfall in China depends on what?	80
9210161901	oracle bones and turtle shells	What oracles did the Chinese use to predict the future?	81
9210161902	set up a uniform system of laws	What did the First Emperor of China see as his most important accomplishment?	82
9210161903	divided country into semi-independent states	How was the Han Dynasty's Emperors able to control their Empire without strict discipline?	83
9210161904	The Chinese did not have as good a pasture system	Why could the Chinese never match the quality of Horses the Xiongnu bred?	84
9210161905	Spread confusion theory through China	The tablets placed on mountains by the first of the Qin Emperors was to...?	85
9210161906	Irrigation	What was it that the Persians did that enabled them to farm?	86
9210161907	He was a prisoner	How was it that Polybius came to live most of his life in Rome?	87
9210161908	Be a citizen if they could speak Latin	What privileges did Rome offer to the people it conquered?	88
9210161909	increased migration to urban centers	What was a consequence of increased inequality in the Roman countryside?	89
9210161910	took control of the military from senate	Being fearful of the military, what steps did Augustus take to protect him?	90
9210161911	easy to defend	What was the reason Byzantium was chosen as the new center of the Roman Empire?	91
9210161912	Byzantium existed for another 1,000 years	What is so controversial about Rome falling in 476?	92
9210161913	People were becoming Hindu	What was the reason Buddhism was loosing adherents in India between 100 & 1000	93
9210489721	they wanted the people to see them as pious	What was the rationale behind the chola rulers support of shiva temples	94
9210489722	the prevailing winds	What was the determining factor for the merchants in SE asia	95
9210489723	Confucianism	What tradition of China was challenged by the introduction of Buddhism in china	96
9210489724	They found a common path	What compromise was worked out between Confucianism and Buddhism	97
9210489725	Only empower to openly rule as a woman	What was so special about empower Wu	98
9210489726	Archangel Gabriel	Who was is exactly who brought the message to Muhammad	99
9210489727	All worship the same God, all acknowledge Abraham	Is there any commonality between Islam, Christianity, and islam	100
9210489728	The death of the caliph	What are some of the reasons for the fall of the Abbasid empire	101
9210489729	Wide streets and running water	What were some of the features of cordoba	102
9210489730	The mongols	What was the cause of Muslim Baghdad and the caliphate ending	103
9210489731	Pilgrimage form mendena to Mecca, ends at the Kabbalah	What are the symbolic actions and acts of the hajj	104
9210489732	They were barbarians	How did the romans view the Germanic peoples of Gaul	105
9210489733	Condensed 12,000 books into 6	What was the big deal about Justinians civil code	106
9210489734	Plague	What disaster struck the Byzantine empire in 541	107
9210489735	Destroying graven images	What was the great controversy of the iconoclast movement	108
9210489736	No written language	Why is it that we know so little of the Germanic speaking people of Europe	109
9210489737	The franks	Which of the Germanic speaking tribes eventually evolved into a developed culture	110
9210489738	navigation system and travels	What was so unique about the people of the pacific islands	111
9210489739	They raised no animals for slaughter	Why was it that the mesoamericans supplemented their diets with foods rich in B12	112
9210489740	Cacao	What was the favored drink of the maya	113
9210489741	sophisticated human development	Why is carnal so famous	114
9210489742	There is evidence of the Polynesian staple foods all over the area	For what reason does many feel the Polynesian migrations were intentional	115
9210489743	There are no commonalities between the 2 societies	How was it determined that the people of the Andes developed separately than the Olmec	116
9210489744	Social and behavioral mores	What is the Avesta seen a scource of	117
9210489745	defeated the achemenid	The Medes conquered the Assyrians, who were bested by the Persians, who then...	118
9210489746	Capable of doing good or evil- free wil	Zarathustra taught everyone that...	119
9210489747	Dug irrigation ditches	What made the Persians able to farm their homeland	120