AP World History Review Flashcards

6797397177	Paleolithic Age	By 12,000 BCE humans are fully developed, migrate out of East Africa	0
6797397178	Neolithic Revolution	Population increase, causes job specialization, changes in gender roles	1
6797397179	Ancient Mesopotamia	Hammurabi's Code, ziggurats, polytheistic, cuneiform	2
6797397180	Ancient China	Huang He River, family dynasties, veneration of ancestors, oracle bones	3
6797397181	Ancient Egypt	Nile River=easy trade, Old & New Kingdoms, hieroglyphs, pharaohs	4
6797397182	Hinduism	Developed in India, Vedas, Caste System	5
6797397183	Judaism	Founded by Abraham in Middle East, Torah, monotheistic, Diaspora	6
6797397184	Christianity	Founded by Jesus, Bible, monotheistic, Roman opposition->Rome's religion	7
6797397185	Islam	Founded by Muhammad, 5 Pillars, Qu'ran, Sunni & Shi'ite	8
6797397186	Confucianism	Sounded by Confucius after Warring States Period, Ren & Li, 5 relationships, filial piety, education based	9
6797397187	Buddhism	Four noble truths, eightfold path, reincarnation, nirvana	10
6797397188	Qin Dynasty	China(221-210 BCE), Legalism, takes over after Warring States Period,	11
6797397189	Han Dynasty	China (206 BCE-220 CE), Confucianism, iron tools, taken over by Yellow Turbans	12
6797397190	Roman Republic	Consuls, senate, tribune, 12 Tables, tension b/w classes	13
6797397191	Roman Empire	Made by Caesar, Augustus= Pax Romana, tolerate pagans, Western Rome falls to Visigoths, barracks emperors	14
6797397192	Persian Empire	(558-330 BCE), Royal Roads, Red Sea Canal, Zoroastrianism, taken by Alexander the Great	15
6797397193	Byzantine Empire	Justinian's Code, Christianity splits in 1054, Roman Roads, weakened by crusades, taken by Ottoman Turks	16
6797397194	Mongol Empire	20 independently ruled provinces, tolerant if surrender, open trade -> plague, taken by Ming Dynasty	17
6797397195	Tang Dynasty	Confucianism, civil service exam, fast ripening rice, equal field system, peasant rebellion	18
6797397196	Dar al Islam	Caliphs, open trade, Ibn Battuta, based on Muslim tradition	19
6797397197	Sub- Saharan Africa	Challenging geography, 2,000 languages, animistic, Bantu tribes	20
6797397198	Kingdom of Ghana	Africa, Kings convert to Islam, taken over by Berbers	21
6797397199	Mali Empire	Mansa Musa makes pilgrimage to Mecca, taken by nomads	22
6797397200	Swahili City States	East coast is richest, Mogadishu, syncretic Arabic influenced Bantu language	23
6797397201	Renaissance	Rebirth from famine and disease, happened in Italy, Protestant reformation (Martin Luther)	24
6797397202	Reasons to Explore	Cut out Italian/Muslin merchants, magnetic compass from China, Portugal leads the way	25
6797397203	Colombian Exchange	Americas- 75% of pop dies, bring cattle/pigs Europe- maize/potatoes, pop increase, triangular trade	26
6797397204	New Spain	Cortes conquers Aztecs, Pizarro conquers Inca, haciendas, encomiendas, silver, Mita system, Treaty of Tordesillas	27
6797397205	Colombian Exchange in Africa & Atlantic World	Slaves show wealth in Africa, Middle Passage- 20% of slaves die, polygamy in Africa -> pop increase, slaves in Americas assimilate	28
6797397206	Ming Dynasty	Mandarins & eunuchs in charge, Zeng He explores, eradicate Mongol past, still diverse, Great Wall, taken by Manchus who create Qing	29
6797397207	Ottoman Empire	Conquers Byzantine, sultan, take Janissaries, coffee houses cause contagious diffusion of ideas	30
6797397208	Mughal Empire	Of Mongol descent, tolerant, centralized, expand to South India, Europe creates trade colonies	31
6797397209	Enlightenment	Liberal thought including ideas of popular sovereignty and individual rights, created by people like John Locke	32
6797397210	American Revolution	(1776-1783), Britain taxes US after Seven Years War(stamp & quartering acts), Declaration of Independence, create Continental Congress with inspiration from Locke	33
6797397211	French Revolution	(1789-1799), War debt, unfair social classes (3rd Estate = 97% of pop), third estate creates National Assembly, write Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen, American inspired, Jacobin Party->The Directory->Napoleon	34
6797397212	Haitian Revolution	Only successful slave revolt, produce 1/3 of French exports, free people of color fight with white settlers, in the midst of the civil war L'Overture leads slave revolt	35
6797397213	Latin American Revolution	Peninsulares have far more power than Creoles, Simon Bolívar leads revolt with Creoles, forms US style confederation of Gran Colombia	36
6797397214	Mexican Revolution	Rulers were weakened by Napoleon so Priest Hidalgo y Castillo take over	37
6797397215	Brazilian Revolution	King and family hide from Napoleon in Brazil, King leaves behind his son, son declares independence	38
6797397216	Attempts to Reform Industrial Societies	Socialism advocates for minimum age and wage, Communist Manifesto makes egalitarian society, Trade Unions start strikes and collective bargaining	39
6797397217	Global Effects of Industrialization	Uneven development, rural countries only produce raw materials and don't develop, migration to where work is needed, Indian textiles decline, poor countries depend on others	40
6797397218	Industrialization in Latin America	Rely on slavery until 1800s, Italian seasonal workers, indentured servants from China	41
6797397219	Industrialization in Africa	Provide gold, ivory & palm oil to Europe for manufactured goods, Congo Free State rubber plantations, South African mineral deposits (diamonds&gold)	42
6797397220	Industrialization in Russia	Government initiated, middle class grows, captains of industry are most powerful, industrialize in 1890s	43
6797397221	Qing Dynasty	China(1644-1911), Replace Ming, restrict British trade, Britain sells opium which leads to opium wars, losing opium wars cause unequal treaties (Treaty of Nanking), split into spheres of influence	44
6797397222	Meiji Restoration	America threatens Japan to open ports, shogun surrenders and is considered weak, Emperor takes over and introduces Western education and industrialization	45
6797397223	Imperialism	Domination of European powers over subject lands, mercantilism often included	46
6797397224	Jewel of British Crown	India, Sepoy revolt 1857, British establish direct rule (viceroy), clear forest to grow tea, coffee, and opium	47
6797397225	Imperialism in Africa	Scramble for Africa(1875-1900), Berlin West Africa Conference divides land up into territories, Africa is no match for European firepowers (except Ethipoia)	48
6797397226	Social Darwinism	Different races evolved at faster rates, favored Europeans	49
6797397227	Causes of WWI	Competing nationalism, assassination of Franz Ferdinand by Serbian, slowly involves Triple Entente and Central Powers	50
6797397228	World War One	War of attrition(trench warfare), create barbed wire, gas, Gatling Gun, involves Homefront creating supplies, Collapse of Russia->communist Russia, Zimmerman Telegram involves US, Ottoman Collapse-> Kemal makes Turkey	51
6797397229	Effects of WWI	Paris Peace Conference charges reparations->destroys German economy, sparks India's request for home rule(Gandhi and Jinnah create Pakistan and free India), Chinese nationalism leads to Moa Zedong making communism, Japan gets into League of Nations	52
6797397230	Cold War	War over spreading capitalism or communism, USSR eventually collapse after reform attempts(perestroika & glasnost), Vietnam War	53
6797397231	Globalization	World Trade Organization, Trading Blocs, European Union, OPEC, NAFTA, Modern transport makes trade easier	54