Chapter 20-22 Quiz - AP World History Flashcards

5813916831	Triangular Trade	Commerce linking Africa, the New World colonies, and Europe; slaves carried to America for sugar and tobacco transported to Europe	0
5813920033	Osei Tutu	Member of Oyoko clan of Akan peoples in Gold Coast region of Africa; responsibile for creating unified Asante Empire in 1701; utilized Western firearms	1
5813928164	Asantehene	Title taken by ruler of Asante Empire; supreme civil and religious leader; authority symbolized by golden stool	2
5813930505	Dahomey	Kingdom developed among Fon or Aja peoples in 17th century; center at Abomey 70 miles from coast; under King Agaja expanded to control coastline and part of Whydah by 1727; accepted Western firearms and goods in return for African slaves	3
5813935184	Fulani	Pastoral people of western Sudan; adopted purifying Sufi variant of Islam; under Usuman Dan Fodio in 1804, launched revolt against Hausa kingdoms, established state centered on Sokoto	4
5813941064	Mfecane	Wars of 19th century in southern Africa; created by Zulu expansion under Shaka; revolutionized political organization in southern Africa	5
5813944262	Great Trek	Movement of Boer settlers in Cape Colony of southern Africa to escape influence of British colonial government in 1834; led to settlement of regions north of Orange River and Natal	6
5813949553	Middle Passage	Slave voyage from Africa to the Americas(16th-18th centuries); apparently a traumatic experience for black slaves, although it failed to strip Africans of their culture	7
5813954382	Wilberforce	British statesman and reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliament that led to end of English slave trade in 1807	8
5813971502	Boers	Dutch farmers who had crossed the Orange River in search of new lands	9
5813972730	Diaspora	A scattered population whose origin lies within a smaller geographic locale	10
5813976493	Safavids	Originally a Turkic nomadic group; family originated in Sufi mystic group; espoused Shi'ism; conquered territory and established kingdom in region equivalent to modern Iran; lasted until 1722	11
5813981657	Ottomans	Turkic people who advanced from strongholds in Asia Minor during 1350s; conquered large part of Balkons; unified under Mehmed I; captured Constantinople in 1453; established empire from Balkons that included most of Arab world	12
5813992131	Janissaries	Ottoman infantry divisions that dominated Ottoman armies; forcibly conscripted as boys in conquered areas of Balkons, legally slaves; translated military service into political influence, particularly after 15th century	13
5814014758	Vizier	Ottoman equivalent of the Abbasid wazir; head of the Ottoman bureaucracy; after 5th century often more powerful than sultan	14
5814018625	Abbas the Great	Safavid ruler from 1587 to 1629; extended Safavid domain to greatest extent; created slave regiments based on captured Russians, who monopolized firearms within Safavid armies; incorporated western military technology	15
5814030241	Imams	According to Shi'Ism, ruler who could trace descent from the successors of Ali	16
5814048664	Mullahs	Local mosque officials and prayer leaders within the Safavid empire; agents of Safavid religious campaign to convert all of population to Shi'Ism	17
5814080345	Isfahan	Safavid capital under Abbas the Great; planned city laid out according to Shah's plan; example of Safavid architecture	18
5814093432	Babur	Founder of Mughal dynasty in India; descended from Turkic warriors; first led invasion of India in 1526 and died in 1530	19
5814096070	Akbar	Son and successor of Humayan; oversaw building of military and administrative systems that became typical of Mughal rule in India; pursued policy of cooperation with Hindu princes; attempted to create new religion to bind Muslim and Hindu populations of India	20
5814101319	Taj Mahal	Most famous architectural achievement of Mughal India; originally built as a new mausoleum for the wife of Shah Jahan, Mumtaz Mahal	21
5814105889	Mughals	Established by Babur in India in 1526; the name is taken from the supposed Mongol descent of Babur, but there is little indication of any Mongol influence in the dynasty; became weak after rule of Aurangezeb in first decades of 18th century	22
5814111140	Asian Sea Trading Network	Prior to the intervention of Europeans; consisted of three zones: Arab zones based on glass, carpets, and tapestries; India based on cotton textiles; China based on paper, porcelain, and silks	23
5814117507	Hongwu	First Ming emperor in 1368; originally of peasant lineage; original name was Zhu Yuanzhang; drove out Mongol influence; restored position of scholar-gentry	24
5814123385	Ieyasu	Vassal of Toyotomi Hideyoski; succeeded him as most powerful military figure in Japan; granted title of shogun in 1603 and established Tokugawa Shogunate; established political unity in Japan	25
5814127621	Edo	Former name of Tokyo and was the seat of power for the Tokugawa Shogunate	26
5814129256	Tokugawa Shogunate	The last feudal Japanese military government, which existed between 1603 and 1867	27
5814132180	Ming Dynasty	The restoration of ethnic Chinese rule and the reunification of the country	28
5814134158	Admiral Zhenghe	A Hui court eunuch, mariner, explorer, diplomat, and fleet admiral during China's early Ming Dynasty	29