AP World History Period 2 Flashcards

7963940068	Achaemenid empire	Mesopotamia, pastoralists (little agriculture), sting military, Cyrus the Achaemenid, Darius, Cambyses	0
7963940069	Pastorialism	The domestication of animals	1
7963940070	Cyrus the Achaemenid	the founder and leader of the Achaemenid Empire	2
7963940071	Achaemenid Empire administration	Placed into 23 satrapies led by Persian leaders called satrap, regulates taxes with silver animals and slaves, issued standardized coins, Persian royal road	3
7963940072	Persian Royal Road	Turkey to Iran, lodging/ food stations	4
7963940073	Persian society and culture	Increased slavery, wealth gap grew, caste system like India, patriarchal, flourishing trade	5
7963940074	Zoroastrianism	system of religion founded in Persia in the 6th century BC by Zoroastra, holy book = Avesta, main god= Anura Mazda	6
7963940075	Persian Wars	Two failed attempts by the Persian Empire in the 400s BCE to conquer the Greeks	7
7963940076	Macedonian Empire	Founded by Phillip II united Greece and conquered Persian Empire, richest empire	8
7963940077	Alexander the Great	Conquered all of Greece, never lost a battle, watch crash course over him	9
7963940078	Confusianism	Created by Confucius, focused on political and ethical behaviors, based on behaving appropriately, kindness and the importance of family	10
7963940079	Doaism	Critic of confusionism, founder- laozi, believed that human striving brings chaos, advanced education, act selfless and live simply	11
7963940080	Legalism	Developed during 4 BCE by Shang Yang, stressed the importance of agriculture and the military, believed in strict punishments, ended period of warring states	12
7963940081	Qin Dynasty	With legalism = strongest state, established centralized rule, created a highway system, burning of literature	13
7963940082	Han Dynasty	After first empires death, Han zhou became first emporer, patriarchal	14
7963940083	Trade in India	Luxury goods, political and military links brought India into transcontinental trade from China to Mediterranean	15
7963940084	Magadha kingdom	In India, located on Ganges river, led by Ashoka who conquered kingdoms south, collapsed due to financial problems	16
7963940085	Gupta Empire	Golden Age of India, decentralized, restored Hinduism, based in Magadha, formed under alliances, discovered 0, collapsed after weakening of money and resources after nomadic invasions from the White Huns	17
7963940086	Ashoka	Indian, Leader of Magadha, issued imperial decrees, centralized government, spread agriculture and Buddhism	18
7963940087	India society and caste system	Patriarchal, women had some power in homes, very strict social order	19
7963940088	India religion	Three major religions: Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism	20
7963940089	Jainism	Preached non violence, everything has a soul, popular to lower caste members	21
7963940090	Bactria	Promoted trade, linked India to Central Asia, intense cultural and commercial exchange, conquered by kushans	22
7963940091	Kushans	Conquered bactrians, allowed trade across empire, spread Buddhism	23
7963940092	Minonians	First Greeks, on Crete island, largest city was Knossos, developed alphabet, trades across Mediterranean, fell due to natural disasters and invasion	24
7963940093	Mycenae	After Minoans and developed their alphabet, in Greece, engaged in war with Troy and collapsed	25
7963940094	Spartans	Militaristic society, fought with Athenians	26
7963940095	Greek society and culture	Promotes commercial and economic organizations, patriarchal, slavery was common, olympics, cults	27
7963940096	Etruscans	Credited w the development and expansion of Rome	28
7963940097	The Roman Empire	Over three etruscans, 2 consuls lead the republic for 6 month terms, the senates advised and elected consuls, created the twelve tables (laws)	29
7963940098	Roman expansion	Had established control over politics, economics and military; this lead to rivalry	30
7963940099	Carthage	Greek, originally a phonecian colony	31
7963940100	Roman classes	Patriticians (elite) and pleabians (less)	32
7963940101	Pax Romana	Period of peace in Rome, lasted 250 years, roads and bridges built, cities grew, women gained more rights, slavery = 1/3 pop	33
7964037975	Judiasm	First monotheistic religion, Torah is the holy book, yaweh is the god, not popular because they were surrounded by so many polytheistic religions	34
7964037976	Christianity	Appealed to lower class because of fair chance At afterlife, in Jerusalem, not pop because it was mono surrounded by poly	35
7964037977	Buddhism	India, god was Buddha / Gautama, 4 noble truths with 8 fold path, desire = root of all evil	36
7964037978	Hinduism	Excluded lower caste, polytheistic, originated in India, moral law code: darma, had moshka: balance	37