AP World History - Unit I - Key Concepts Flashcards

7363171046	Neolithic Revolution	the emergence of permanent agricultural villages	0
7363171047	Locations of independent neolithic revolutions include	Mesopotamia, Nile River Valley, Sub-Saharan Africa, Indus River Valley, Yellow (Huang He) River Valley, Papua New Guinea, Mesoamerica, and the Andes	1
7363171048	Pastoralism	the branch of agriculture concerned with the raising of livestock. It is animal husbandry: the care, tending and use of animals such as camels, goats, cattle, yaks, llamas, and sheep	2
7363171049	Overgrazing	negative impact on the environment by pastoralists	3
7363171050	Examples of how agricultural communities impact their environment	clearing land and creating water control (irrigation) systems	4
7363171051	Agricultural Revolution (aka Neolithic Revolution) led to	more abundant and reliable food supplies	5
7363171052	Reliable and abundant food supplies led to	increased population which led to specialization of labor, including new classes of artisans and warriors, and the development of elites	6
7363171053	Examples of innovations in technology that improved food production, trade, and transportation	pottery, plows, woven textiles, wheels, and metalurgy	7
7363171054	Patriarchy	a system of society or government in which the father or eldest male is head of the family and descent is traced through the male line.	8
7363171055	Social system that developed in pastoralist and agraian societies	patriarchal	9
7363171056	A power that early states undertook was	mobilization of surplus labor and other resources	10
7363171057	Early rulers often claimed this as a source of authority	connection to the gods (divine)	11
7363171058	This group occupied the region of Anatolia (also known as Asia Minor, modern-day Turkey) prior to 1700 BCE, and expanded their territories into an empire which rivaled, and threatened, the established nation of Egypt.	Hitties	12
7363171059	New weapon developed by pastoralists that contributed to the transformation of ancient warfare.	ancient composite bow	13
7363171060	Modes of transportation that transformed ancient warfare and transportation itself	horseback riding and chariots	14
7363171061	Examples of developments in architecture and urban planning of early cities	streets and roads, sewage and water systems, and defensive walls	15
7363171062	Ziggurat	an ancient temple that was common in Mesopotamia (or present-day Iraq and western Iran) during the the civilizations of Sumer, Babylon and Assyria.	16
7363171063	Pyramid	ancient Egyptians built these as tombs for the pharaohs and their queens.	17
7363171064	Cuneiform	a system of writing first developed by the ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia c. 3500-3000 BCE.	18
7363171065	Hieroglyphics	the formal writing system used in Ancient Egypt. It combined logographic, syllabic and alphabetic elements, with a total of some 1,000 distinct characters	19
7363171066	Quipu	a device consisting of a cord with knotted strings of various colors attached, used by the ancient Peruvians (Andean South America) for recording events, keeping accounts, etc. in the region of .	20
7363171067	Code of Hammurabi	the longest surviving text (written law) from the Old Babylonian period. Does not attempt to cover all possible legal situations. In its epilogue, described as "laws of Justice" intended to clarify the rights of any "oppressed man."	21
7363171068	Examples of Hammurabi's Code	If a man put out the eye of another man, his eye shall be put out. [ An eye for an eye ] If he break another man's bone, his bone shall be broken. If he put out the eye of a freed man, or break the bone of a freed man, he shall pay one gold mina.	22
7363171069	Code of Ur-Nammu	the oldest known law code surviving today. It is from Mesopotamia and is written on tablets, in the Sumerian language c. 2100-2050 BCE.	23
7363171070	Systems of record keeping	cuneiform, hieroglyphs, pictographs, alphabets, quipu	24
7363171071	Vedic	the ancient religion of the Aryan peoples who entered northwestern India from Persia circa 2000-1200 BCE. It was the precursor of Hinduism, and its beliefs and practices are contained in the Vedas.	25
7363171072	Zoroastrianism	one of the world's oldest monotheistic religions. It was founded in ancient Iran approximately 3500 years ago.	26
7363171073	Polytheism	belief in many gods	27
7363171074	Montheism	belief in one god	28
7363171075	Examples of interregional trade	Mesopotamia and Egypt Mesopotamia and Indus valley Egypt and Nubia	29
7363171076	Hebrew	this form of monotheism began in the biblical lands of Judah and the Northern Kingdom sometime between 1,000 and 586 B.C.E. The idea of a single god was imparted to Abraham at the biblical Mount Sinai.	30
7363171077	Ahura Mazda	the creator and sole God of Zoroastrianism	31