AP World History Strayer Chapter 4 Vocabulary Flashcards
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| 8437959057 | Legalism | *Definition:* Chinese Philosophy distinguished by clear laws with vigorous consequences. *Significance:* Rulers and governments used to control the people and had laws for the people. |  | 0 |
| 8437959058 | Confucianism | *Definition:* Chinese Philosophy first enunciated by Confucius. The moral example of superiors. (Education is key). *Significance:* First body of thought followed as a cultural belief rather than a religion. (Meant to unite China after warring time.) |  | 1 |
| 8437959059 | Ban Zhao | *Definition:* Female Confucian author of Han Dynasty China. *Significance:* Works gave insight into implication of China thinking for women. |  | 2 |
| 8437959060 | Daoism | *Definition:* (opposite of Confucianism) Education was useless and urged unification into the world of nature. Governs all natural phenomenon. *Significance:* Provided ideology to peasant rebellions (Yellow Turban Rebellion). Better than being sad about education. Shaped ordinary people. |  | 3 |
| 8437959061 | Vedas | *Definition:* Earliest Religious text of India. Collection of poems, hymns, and rituals. *Significance:* Lead to religions such as Buddhism and Hinduism. |  | 4 |
| 8437959062 | Upanishads | *Definition:* Mystical, philosophical works that developed in response to dissatisfaction with Brahmins. *Significance:* Gave way to introspective thinking. "Brahman"- world soul. Escape from earth and gods. |  | 5 |
| 8437959063 | Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) | *Definition:* Indian prince who founded Buddhism. *Significance:* Teached Buddhism as "Enlightened one", reflecting on being selfless with no material wants. Focusing on self and morals. |  | 6 |
| 8437959064 | Theravada/Mahayana | *Definition:* "Teachings of elders", early form of Buddhism that portrayed the Buddha as a wise teacher, but not divine. *Significance:* Emphasized practices rather than beliefs. |  | 7 |
| 8437959065 | Bhagavad Gita | *Definition:* A great Hindu epic text. (part of the much larger Mahabharata). *Significance:* Affirmed the performance of caste duties as a path of religious liberation. (reason to do caste duties.) |  | 8 |
| 8437959066 | Zoroastrianism | *Definition:* Persian monotheistic religion. (Single god Ahura Mazada vs. evil force Angra Mainyu)> *Significance:* 1st Monotheistic religion that focused on the point of good vs. evil. Leading other religions like Judaism and Christianity. |  | 9 |
| 8437959067 | Judaism | *Definition:* (Hebrews) History recorded in Torah (old testament in Bible) Monotheistic religion. Emphasizing sole personal god: Yahweh with concerns for social justice. *Significance:* Foundation of Christianity and Islam. Big part in Israel and Palestine conflicts of the world due to failure of assimilation. |  | 10 |
| 8437959068 | Greek Rationalism | *Definition:* Secularizing system of scientific, philosophic thought that developed in classical Greek. *Significance:* Emphasized the power of education, and human reason to understanding the world in non-religious terms. Stepped away from supernatural reasoning. |  | 11 |
| 8437959069 | Socrates, Plato, Aristotle | *Definition:* 3 different philosophers who believed in reason and rational thought (Students of each other). *Significance:* Rationalism appearance. Turning Rationalism toward questions of human existence. |  | 12 |
| 8437959070 | Jesus of Nazareth | *Definition:* He came from a lower class family, taught lessons to large crowds and performed miracles. Saviour of Christians. *Significance:* The New Testament in the bible. Christianity is still a major religion today. |  | 13 |
| 8437959071 | Saint Paul | *Definition:* 1st great popularizer of Christianity. *Significance:* Spread Christianity and taught it after Jesus. Convinced people why it was good and needed. | 14 | |
| 8437959072 | Church of the East | *Definition:* Branch of the church in Persia and active in missions to reject China the chalcedonian creed on the grounds that it did not accurately affirm the human nature of Jesus. *Significance:* Spreading of this segment of Christianity. Allowed different forms (even religions) to take shape because of this. |  | 15 |
| 8437959073 | Perpetua | *Definition:* Christian Martyr from an upper class Roman family in Carthage. *Significance:* She refused to renounce her faith and made her an inspiration for other early Christians who were prosecuted. |  | 16 |
| 8437972361 | Nalanda | • Famous Buddhist university of ancient India • Was excavated and revived | 17 |