AP World History Part I: Chapter 1 Flashcards

5622576353	Babylonian Empire	unified all of Mesopotamia c. 1800 BCE; collapsed due to foreign invasion c. 1600 BCE	0
5622576354	band	a level of social organization normally consisting of 20 to 30 people; nomadic hunters and gatherers; labor divided on a gender basis	1
5622576355	Bronze Age	from about 4000 BCE, when bronze tools were first introduced in the Middle East, to about 1500 BCE, when iron began to replace it	2
5622576356	Çatal Hüyük	early urban culture based on sedentary agriculture; located in modern southern Turkey; was larger in population than Jericho; had greater degree of social stratification	3
5622576357	city-state	a form of political organization typical of Mesopotamian civilizations; consisted of agricultural hinterlands ruled by an urban-based king	4
5622576358	civilization	societies distinguished by reliance on sedentary agriculture, ability to produce food surpluses, and existence of nonfarming elites, as well as merchant and manufacturing groups	5
5622576359	cuneiform	a form of writing developed by the Sumerians using a wedge-shaped stylus and clay tablets	6
5622576360	Hammurabi	the most important ruler of the Babylonian Empire; responsible for codification of law	7
5622576361	Harappa	along with Mohenjodaro, major urban complex of the Harappan civilization; laid out on planned grid pattern	8
5622576362	Homo sapiens sapiens	the humanoid species that emerged as the most successful at the end of the Paleolithic period	9
5622576363	Huanghe	also known as the Yellow River; site of development of sedentary agriculture in China	10
5622576364	ideographs	pictographic characters grouped together to create new concepts; typical of Chinese writing	11
5622576365	Indus River valley	river sources in Himalayas to mouth in Arabian Sea; location of Harappan civilization	12
5622576366	Kush	an African state that developed along the upper reaches of the Nile c. 1000 BCE; conquered Egypt and ruled it for several centuries	13
5622576367	Mesopotamia	literally "between the rivers"; the civilizations taht arose in the alluvial plain of the Tigris and Euphrates River valleys	14
5622576368	Mohenjo Daro	along with Harappa, major urban complex of the Harappan civilization; laid out on planned grid pattern	15
5622576369	monotheism	the exclusive worship of a single god; introduced by the Jews into Western civilization	16
5622576370	Neolithic Age	the New Stone Age between 8000 and 5000 BCE; period in which adaptation of sedentary agriculture occurred; domestication of plants and animals accomplished	17
5622576371	Neolithic revolution	the succession of technological innovations and changes in human organization that led to the development of agriculture, 8500-3500 BCE	18
5622576372	nomads	cattle and sheep-herding societies normally found on the fringes of civilized societies; commonly referred to as "barbarian" by civilized societies	19
5622576373	Paleolithic Age	the Old Stone Age ending in 12,000 BCE; typified by use of crude stone tools and hunting and gathering for subsistence	20
5622576374	pharaoh	title of kings in ancient Egypt; worshipped as a god among men in human form	21
5622576375	Phoenicians	seafaring civilization located on the hsores of the eastern Mediterranean; established colonies throughout the Mediterranean	22
5622576376	pyramids	monumental architecture typical of Old Kingdom Egypt; used as burial sites for pharaohs	23
5622576377	Shang	first Chinese dynasty for which archeological evidence exists; capital located in Ordos bulge of the Huanghe; flourished from 1600 to 1046 BCE	24
5622576378	slash and burn agriculture	a system of cultivation typical of shifting cultivators; forest floors cleared by fire are then planted	25
5622576379	Sumerians	people who migrated into Mesopotamia c. 4000 BCE; created first civilization within region; organized area into city-states	26
5622576380	ziggurats	massive towers usually associated with Mesopotamian temple complexes	27