Human Anatomy Flashcards

8828354431	human anatomy	The study of the structures that make up the human body and how those structures relate to each other	0
8828354432	lateral	Farther from the medial plane (midline)	1
8828354433	medial	Nearer to the medial plane (midline)	2
8828354434	superficial	Nearer to the surface of the body	3
8828354435	anterior (ventral)	Nearer to the front	4
8828354436	posterior (dorsal)	Nearer to the back	5
8828354437	superior	Nearer to the top of the head (transverse plane)	6
8828354438	deep	Farther from the surface of the body	7
8828354439	distal	Farther from the trunk	8
8828354440	proximal	Nearer to the trunk	9
8828354441	supine	Laying on your back	10
8828354442	prone	Laying face down	11
8828354443	inferior	Nearer to the feet	12
8828354444	median plane (midsagittal plane)	A vertical plane that bisects the body into right and left halves	13
8828354445	sagittal plane	Any plane parallel to the median plane	14
8828354446	frontal plane (coronal plane)	Any vertical plane at the right angles to the median plane (separate anterior and posterior)	15
8828354447	transverse plane (or horizontal plane)	Any plane at the right angle of both median and frontal plane (separate superior and inferior)	16
8828354448	sagittal plane movement	Movement that are parallel to the sagittal plane (flexion and extension)	17
8828354449	frontal plane movement	Movement that are parallel to the front planes (lateral/side-to-side movements)	18
8828354450	transverse plane movements	Movement that are parallel to the transverse (horizontal) plane (twisting, rotation, etc.)	19
8828354451	flexion	Reduces the angle between two bones at a joint	20
8828354452	extension	Increases the angle between two bones at a joint	21
8828354453	abduction	Movement away from the midline	22
8828354454	adduction	Movement toward the midline	23
8828354455	circumduction	A cone-shaped movement that does not include any rotation	24
8828354456	rotation	The action of rotating around an axis or center.	25
8828354457	medial (or internal) rotation	Rotational movement toward the midline	26
8828354458	lateral (external) rotation	Rotational movement away from the midline	27
8828354459	supination	When the palm is moved to face anteriorly	28
8828354460	pronation	When the palm is moved to face posteriorly	29
8828354461	inversion	When the sole of the foot is turned inward	30
8828354462	eversion	When the sole of the foot is turned outward	31
8828354463	dorsiflexion	Motion of bringing the top of the foot toward the shin, or movement of the ankle so that the dorsal surface of the foot moves superiorly	32
8828354464	plantar flexion	Motion of bringing the top of the foot away from the shin, or movement of the ankle so that the dorsal surface of the foot move inferiorly	33
8828354465	short bone	Type of bone shaped to serve as a good shock absorber (e.g., wrist bone)	34
8828354466	long bone	Type of bone that has proximal and distal enlargements (e.g., femur)	35
8828354467	flat bone	Type of bone that largely protects underlying organs and provides areas for muscle attachment (e.g., scapula)	36
8828354468	irregular bone	Type of bone that performs a special function (e.g., vertebrae)	37
8828354469	sesamoid bone	Type of bone shaped like a pea and found in tendons (e.g., patella)	38
8828354470	porous	Bones that have a smaller proportion of calcium phosphate and carbonate, and greater non-mineralized tissue	39
8828354471	cortical bone	Bone that has a low porosity, it is less flexible and can resist greater stress	40
8828354472	spongy (cancellous) bone	Bone that has high porosity, a characteristic honeycomb structure and provides move flexibility.	41
8828354473	axial skeleton	Composed of skull, vertebrae, ribs, and sternum	42
8828354474	appendicular skeleton	Composed of pectoral, pelvic girdles, upper and lower limbs.	43
8828354475	calvaria [skull]	Skullcap, upper part of the skull that covers the brain	44
8828354476	face [skull]	Give it its individuality and provides protection for the eyes and air passages, as well as allow chewing.	45
8828354477	parietal bone [calvaria]		46
8828354478	temporal bone [calvaria]		47
8828354479	occipital bone [calvaria]		48
8828354480	sphenoid bone [calvaria]		49
8828354481	epidural hemorrhage [calvaria]	Bleeding between the skull and the meninges, or protective covering of the brain.	50
8828354482	nasal bone [facial bones]		51
8828354483	lacrimal bone [facial bones]		52
8828354484	zygomatic bone [facial bones]		53
8828354485	maxilla bone [facial bones]		54
8828354486	mandible bone [facial bones]		55
8828354487	cervical vertebrae [vertebral column]		56
8828354488	atlas [vertebral column]	C1	57
8828354489	axis [vertebral column]	C2	58
8828354490	thoracic vertebrae [vertebral column]		59
8828354491	lumbar vertebrae [vertebral column]		60
8828354492	sacrum [vertebral column]		61
8828354493	coccyx [vertebral column]		62
8828354494	intervertebral discs [vertebral column]	Absorb shock effectively when the load on the column increases and allow the vertebrae to move without causing damage to other vertebrae.	63
8828354495	ribs [ribs & sternum]	12 pairs of ribs, They are curved and slightly twisted, making them ideal to protect the chest area.	64
8828354496	true ribs [ribs & sternum]	Upper 7 pairs (1-7), attaching to both of the vertebrae and sternum	65
8828354497	false ribs [ribs & sternum]	The next 3 pairs (8-10), attaching to the sternum indirectly.	66
8828354498	floating ribs [ribs & sternum]	The attach only to the vertebrae column (11 & 12)	67
8828354499	sternum [ribs & sternum]	The midline breastbone.	68
8828354500	manubrium [ribs & sternum]		69
8828354501	sternal body [ribs & sternum]		70
8828354502	xiphoid process [ribs & sternum]		71
8828354503	scapula [pectoral girdle]		72
8828354504	clavicle [pectoral girdle]		73
8828354505	humerus [upper limb]		74
8828354506	radius [upper limb]		75
8828354507	ulna [upper limb]		76
8828354508	carpus [upper limb]	Wrist	77
8828354509	carpals [upper limb]	Bones of the wrist	78
8828354510	scaphoid [upper limb]		79
8828354511	lunate [upper limb]		80
8828354512	trapezium [upper limb]		81
8828354513	trapezoid [upper limb]		82
8828354514	capitate [upper limb]		83
8828354515	hamate [upper limb]		84
8828354516	SLTPTTCH - She Likes To Play, Try To Catch Her [upper limb]	Acronym, representing the carpals from lateral to medial.	85
8828354517	metacarpal [upper limb]		86
8828354518	phalanges [upper limb]	(phalanx = singular)	87
8828354519	os coxae [pelvic girdle]		88
8828354520	acetabulum [pelvic girdle]	Lateral surface of the os coxae is a cup-shaped for the head of the femur.	89
8828354521	femur [lower limb]		90
8828354522	patella [lower limb]		91
8828354523	tibia [lower limb]		92
8828354524	fibula [lower limb]		93
8828354525	medial malleolus [lower limb]		94
8828354526	lateral malleolus [lower limb]		95
8828354527	tarsus [lower limb]		96
8828354528	talus [lower limb]		97
8828354529	calcaneus [lower limb]		98
8828354530	navicular [lower limb]		99
8828354531	cuboid [lower limb]		100
8828354532	1st (medial) cuneiform [lower limb]		101
8828354533	2nd (intermediate) cuneiform [lower limb]		102
8828354534	3rd (lateral) cuneiform [lower limb]		103
8828354535	metatarsals [lower limb]		104
8828354536	ligament	Connects bone to bone.	105
8828354537	fibrous [joint classification]	Fixed joints where there is no movement between the bones.	106
8828354538	cartilaginous [joint classification]	Slightly movable joints allow a slight amount of movement.	107
8828354539	synovial joints [joint classification]	Freely movable joints allow a wide range of movements.	108
8828354540	hinge (ginglymus) joint	This type of joint has one articulating surface that is convex and another is concave.	109
8828354541	pivot joint	One bone rotates around one axis.	110
8828354542	condyloid joint	The joint surfaces are usually oval, as in the joint between your third metacarpal and proximal phalanx of your third digit.	111
8828354543	saddle joint	The bones are set together as in sitting on a horse.	112
8828354544	ball and socket joint	A rounded bone is fitted into a cup like receptacle.	113
8828354545	plane (gliding) joint	The joint permits gliding movement.	114
8828354546	synovial capsule	An envelope surrounding a synovial joint.	115
8828354547	synovial membrane	A layer of connective tissue that lines the cavities of joints. It makes the synovial fluid. Secretes the lubrication fluid for the joint.	116
8828354548	synovial cavity	Space between the bones that is filled with synovial fluid.	117
8828354549	synovial fluid	Reduce the friction between the connecting cartilage at the joint during movement. Lubricate the joint.	118
8828354550	Ligaments	Tissue that connects bone to bone.	119
8828354551	extrinsic ligaments	Support the joint and connecting the articulating bones, outside of capsule and not connected to it.	120
8828354552	articular discs	Another term for menisci (singular = meniscus), the fibrocartilage pads between opposing surfaces in a joint	121
8828354553	intracapsular ligaments	Ligaments that prevent anterior/posterior displacement of the articular surfaces & secure bones when standing	122
8828354554	cartilage	At the end of each bone, helps protect the bone from wearing each other down.Helps reduces friction during movement.	123
8828354555	humeroradial joint	Between the capitulum of the humerus and the head of the radius	124
8828354556	humeroulnar joint	Between the trochlea of the humerus and the olecranon process of the ulna	125
8828354557	radioulnar joint	Between the radius and the ulna	126
8828354558	Glenohumeral Joint	Is made up of SSIT (the Subscapularis, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, and the Teres minor muscles) that hold the head of the humerus firmly against the glenoid fossa of the scapula	127
8828354559	radiocarpal joint	Between the radius and the carpals, location where the distal radius articulates with the proximal row of carpal bones	128
8828354560	carpometacarpal joint	Articulate the distal row of carpal bones and the proximal bases of the five metacarpal bones	129
8828354561	metacarpophalangeal joint	Is the knuckle between the hand and the finger	130
8828354562	interphalangeal joint	The hinge joints between the phalanges of the hand	131
8828354563	iliofemoral (hip) joint	Between the head of the femur and the cup of the hip bone	132
8828354564	knee (tibiofemoral) joint		133
8828354565	triquetral [upper limb]		134
8828354566	pisiform [upper limb]		135