AP Biology: Mitosis Flashcards

5430434659	G1 Phase	First stage of interphase in which cell grows and performs its normal functions. Cell is diploid.	0
5430434660	G0 Phase	Cell is performing its normal functions, but has left the cell cycle and is not dividing.	1
5430434661	S Phase	The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated.	2
5430434662	G2 Phase	Last stage of interphase in which cell grows and performs its normal functions. Cell is diploid.	3
5430434663	Interphase	Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases	4
5430434664	Prophase	Phase of mitosis in which chromosomes condense, nuclear membrane disappears, nucleolus disappears, and spindle fibers begin to form.	5
5430434665	Metaphase	Phase of mitosis in which spindle fibers help chromosomes line up on the midline of the cell.	6
5430434666	Anaphase	Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell.	7
5430434667	Telophase	Phase of mitosis during which chromosomes uncoil, a nuclear envelope returns around the chromatin, and a nucleolus becomes visible in each daughter cell"	8
5430434668	Cytokinesis	At the end of telophase, actin fibers form an equator around the cell and contract, separating the cytoplasm into two daughter cells.	9
5430434669	Centriole	A paired cluster of microtubules near the nucleus in animal cells. This organelle organizes spindle fibers during mitosis.	10
5430434670	Centromere	Region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach to one another. Contains the kinetochore.	11
5430434671	Kinetochore	A specialized region on the centromere that links each sister chromatid to the mitotic spindle.	12
5430434672	Spindle Fibers	Made of microtubules that connect centrioles to kinetochores of chromosomes and that separate sister (mitosis) or homologous (meiosis) chromosomes during cell division	13
5430434673	Chromosome	A threadlike, gene-carrying structure found in the nucleus. Each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins.	14
5430434674	Chromatid	One of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome.	15
5430434675	Haploid	A cell with only one copy of each chromosome.	16
5430434676	Diploid	A cell with two copies of each chromosome.	17
5430434677	Tetraploid	A cell with four copies of each chromosome.	18
5430434678	G1 Checkpoint	Checks the cell before going into the S phase for damage.	19
5430434687	cancer	Disorder in which some of the body's cells lose the ability to control growth; A disease in which the body cells grow & divide uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them.	20
5430434688	metastisis	spread of cancer cells	21
5430434689	G2 Checkpoint	Checks to make sure that the DNA is copied correctly before going into the M phase	22
5430434691	M phase	Makes sure that all the spindle is properly connected to the kinetochore.	23