AP Language and Comp Fallacies Flashcards

6514669941	fallacy	guile or trickery or a false or mistaken idea. Have the appearance of truth but are erroneous	0
6514671826	ad hominem	an argument that criticizes an idea by pointing something out about the person who holds the idea rather than directly addressing the actual merit of the idea	1
6514688231	argument from authority	tempts us to agree with the writer's assumption based on the authority of a famous person or entity or on his or her own character	2
6514691409	appeal to ignorance	assumption that whatever has not been proven false must be true (or whatever has not been proven true must be false) i.e. No one can prove that the Loch Ness mponster does not exist; therefore the Loch Ness monster exists/	3
6514698060	begging the question	someone assumes the parts (or all) of what the person claims to be proving are proven facts	4
6514703460	hasty generalization	a writer that deliberately leads you to a conclusion by providing insufficient, selective evidence	5
6514706495	non sequitur	a statement that does not logically relate to what comes before it	6
6514708307	false dichotomy	a consideration of only two extremes when there are one or more intermediate possibilities	7
6514709871	slippery slope	suggest dire consequences from relatively minor causes (If we stop requiring men to wear coats and ties in the dining room, pretty soon they'll start coming in dressed in beachwear)	8
6514712699	faulty causality	setting up of a cause and effect relationship when none exists. One event can happen after another without first necessarily being the direct cause of the second (Violent crime among adolescents has risen in the past decade, and that is the result of increased sales of violent video games)	9
6514719412	straw man argument	oversimplification of an opponent's argument to make it easier to attack (students who want to eliminate the school uniform are exhibitionists who want to show off bare midriffs)	10
6514742949	sentimental appeals	a tactic that attempts to appeal to the hearts of readers instead of the mind	11
6514745909	red herring	attempts to shift attention away from an important issue by introducing an issue that has no logical connection to the discussion at hand	12
6514750473	scare tactics	used to frighten readers or listeners into agreeing with the speaker	13
6514752113	bandwagon appeals	encourages the listener to agree with a position because everyone else does	14
6514764138	dogmatism	does not allow for discussion because speaker presumes that his or her beliefs are beyond question	15
6514766228	equivocation	telling part of the truth while deliberately hiding the entire truth	16
6514769137	faulty analogy	illogical, misleading comparison between two things	17