AP LANGUAGE Flashcards

7699859852	Cause and Effect	Showing or declaring that because one thing happens another thing will be the result. This can be used to provide information or it can be used to provoke a positive or negative feeling such as "If you do not follow my directions, there will be negative consequences."	0
7699895184	Personification	The attribution of human qualities to a nonhuman or inanimate object. Ideas and abstractions can also be personified. It is a metaphorical representation.	1
7699909175	Simile	A figure of speech that uses like, as, or as if to make a direct comparison between two essentially different objects, actions, or qualities.	2
7699925179	Asyndeton	Consists of omitting conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses. This can give the effect of unpremeditated multiplicity, of an extemporaneous rather than a labored account. Asyndetic lists can be more emphatic than if a final conjunction were used.	3
7699950416	Narration	Telling a story or recounting a series of events. Can be used as evidence in the form of anecdotes, and it can be used to set a certain mood during a speech or essay.	4
7699955310	Description	Emphasizes the senses by painting a picture of how something looks, sounds, smells, tastes, or feels. Helps to create empathy. This is known as imagery.	5
7699978117	Process Analysis	Explains how something works, how to do something, or how something was done. Helpful for providing facts about a process but also for creating credibility when you discuss details of research.	6
7699989811	Comparison and Contrast	Juxtaposing to things to highlight their similarities and differences. Can be used to help create a bias for or against something.	7
7699997192	Classification and Division	Sorting materials or ideas into major categories. This helps make concepts easier to understand.	8
7700005374	Antithesis	Opposition or contrast emphasized by parallel structure. Opposites put together to equal each other out. EX: To be or not to be?	9
7700009631	Metaphor	A figure of speech in which one thing is compared to another by being spoken of as thought it were that thing.	10
7700018248	Anaphora	The repetition of introductory words or phrases for effect. This creates a rhythm and establishes a pattern, giving the reader a contextual framework for understanding the ideas.	11
7700518074	Exemplification	Providing a series of examples-facts, specific cases, or instances- turns a general idea into a concrete one; this makes your argument both clearer and more persuasive to a reader.	12
7700553521	Classification and Division	to be able to sort material or ideas into categories by answering the question: what goes together and why? Writers and readers can make connections between things that might otherwise seem unrelated.	13
8225518523	Anadiplosis	repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the next clause EX: every tongue brings in several tale, and every tale condemns me for a villain.	14
8225725753	Understatement	The ironic minimizing of fact, presents something as less significant than it is	15
8225737684	Alliteration	repetition of sound at the beginning of words that are close to one another	16
8225752237	Parallel structure	a balance within one or more sentences of similar phrases or clauses that have the same grammatical structure Mary likes swimming, hiking, and sleeping	17
8225776419	apostrophe	process in which something that isn't alive is address or talked to as if it was ex: talking to a computer	18
8225792831	Polysyndenton	the use of multiple conjunctions or coordinate clauses in close succession, as in "The bad news caused him to weep and cry and wail"	19
8225811756	allusion	brief or indirect reference to a person, place, event, or passage in a work of literature or the bible assumed to be well known by the reader	20
8809078071	Synecdoche	in which a part of something is used to represent a whole, such as using "boards" to mean a stage or "wheels" to mean a car: All hands on deck.	21
8809079999	Metonymy	is a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. A news release that claims "the White House declared" rather that "the President declared" is using metonymy. The substituted term generally carries a more potent emotional response.	22
9187738727	Aphorism	brief saying embodying a moral statement of a principal or precept given in pointed words EX Imitation is suicide A man is God in ruins	23
9187810224	Epigram	brief clever, and usually memorable statement EX It is better to keep your mouth shut and appear stupid than to open it and remove all doubt	24
9187843157	Juxtaposition	when two words, phrases, images, or ideas are placed close together or side by side for comparison or contrast EX Or lose her heart, or a necklace at a ball The way Cullen formatted Columbine novel	25
9187931778	Antimetabole	when grammatical structure and words are reversed when reversing just the words is not enough EX Eat to live, not live to eat.	26
9188001417	Ellipsis	omitted part of speech that is easily understood in context EX the average person thinks he isn't (average)	27
9549508213	Synthesia	blending of different senses in describing something EX "The music was bright and colorful"	28